Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis primary prevention
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]
Overview
The primary prevention of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or usual interstitial pneumonia includes smoking cessation and vaccination against influenza.
Primary Prevention
General Considerations
- There are several ways to prevent pulmonary fibrosis or usual interstitial pneumonia. Appropriately treating underlying illnesses (such as AIDS) can decrease an individual's risk of pneumonia.
- Smoking cessation is important not only because it helps to limit lung damage, but also because cigarette smoke interferes with many of the body's natural defenses against pneumonia.
- There are several ways to prevent pneumonia in newborn infants. Testing pregnant women for Group B Streptococcus and chlamydia trachomatis, and then giving antibiotic treatment if needed, reduces pneumonia in infants. Suctioning the mouth and throat of infants with meconium-stained amniotic fluid decreases the rate of aspiration pneumonia.
- Vaccination is important for preventing pneumonia in both children and adults. Vaccinations against haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae in the first year of life have greatly reduced their role in pneumonia in children.
- Vaccinating children against streptococcus pneumoniae has also led to a decreased incidence of these infections in adults because many adults acquire infections from children. A vaccine against streptococcus pneumoniae is also available for adults.[1].
- Influenza vaccines should be given yearly to the same individuals who receive vaccination against streptococcus pneumoniae. In addition, health care workers, nursing home residents, and pregnant women should receive the vaccine.[2]
- When an influenza outbreak is occurring, medications such as amantadine, rimantadine, zanamivir, and oseltamivir can help prevent influenza.[3],[4]
References
- ↑ Butler JC, Breiman RF, Campbell JF, Lipman HB, Broome CV, Facklam RR. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine efficacy: an evaluation of current recommendations. JAMA 1993;270:1826–1831. PMID 8411526
- ↑ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention and control of influenza: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR 1999;48(RR-4):1–28. PMID 10366138.
- ↑ Jefferson T, Deeks JJ, Demicheli V, Rivetti D, Rudin M. Amantadine and rimantadine for preventing and treating influenza A in adults.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(3):CD001169. PMID 15266442
- ↑ Hayden FG, Atmar RL, Schilling M, Johnson C, Poretz D, Paar D, Huson L, Ward P, Mills RG. Use of the selective oral neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir to prevent influenza. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1336–1343PMID 10536125