Job satisfaction

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Robert G. Badgett, M.D.[2]

Job satisfaction is "personal satisfaction relative to the work situation".[1] About 71% of Americans are satisfied with their jobs.[2].

Job satisfaction differs from measuring life satisfaction[3].

Satisfaction has been similarly measured for life in general with single questions[4].

Companies with high job satisfaction have higher earnings.[5]

Measurement

Single items questions correlation with scales with R = 0.63 to [4]. The recommended threshold is R = 0.7[6].

  • The Dunham faces single item question uses pictures of female faces for Likert anchors[7] .

Physicians

Measuring physician satisfaction

The SGIM Career Satisfaction Study Group (CSSG) has used literature review and focus groups to develop[8] and refine[9] the Physician Worklife Survey to measure satisfaction and its antecedents. Its scales are:

  • Autonomy
  • Relationships with colleagues
  • Patient care issues (originally labeled relationships with patients)
  • Relationships with staff
  • Personal time
  • Relationships with patients (originally labelled 'intrinsic')
  • Community
  • Pay
  • Administration
  • Resources

Other surveys have been developed[10][11][12][13] including:

  • AAFP TransforMED PCMH National Demonstration Project.[10]

Key factors contributing to well-being have been isolated using factor analysis.[9][14]

Studies of physician satisfaction

Several multisite studies have measured job satisfaction:

  • ACP-MEMO (Minimizing Error, Maximizing Outcome)[15][16]
  • AMA-RAND, 20143[17][18]
  • California community clinics and health centers, 2016[14]
  • Multi-state Commonwealth PCMH study, 2012[19][20]. Included questions from the ACP-MEMO study
  • SGIM Worklife and Wellness, 2016[21]

References

  1. ↑ Anonymous (2024), Leadership (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  2. ↑ American Psychological Association. 2015 Work and Well-Being Survey
  3. ↑ Cheung, Felix; Lucas, Richard E. (3 June 2014). "Assessing the validity of single-item life satisfaction measures: results from three large samples". Quality of Life Research. 23 (10): 2809–2818. doi:10.1007/s11136-014-0726-4. eISSN 1573-2649. ISSN 0962-9343. PMC 4221492. PMID 24890827.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Wanous JP, Reichers AE, Hudy MJ (1997). "Overall job satisfaction: how good are single-item measures?". J Appl Psychol. 82 (2): 247–52. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.82.2.247. PMID 9109282.
  5. ↑ Harter J, Schmidt F, Hayes T. Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: a meta-analysis. J Appl Psychol. 2002;87:268–279. doi:10.1037//0021-9010.87.2.268
  6. ↑ Anonymous. PROMIS® Instrument Development and Validation Scientific Standards, Version 2.0, (revised May 2013) [Internet]. HealthMeasures. 2013 [cited 2023 Jan 2]. Available from: https://www.healthmeasures.net/images/PROMIS/PROMISStandards_Vers2.0_Final.pdf
  7. ↑ Dunham RB, Herman JB. Development of a female Faces Scale for measuring job satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology. 1975 Oct;60(5):629.
  8. ↑ Konrad TR, Williams ES, Linzer M, McMurray J, Pathman DE, Gerrity M; et al. (1999). "Measuring physician job satisfaction in a changing workplace and a challenging environment. SGIM Career Satisfaction Study Group. Society of General Internal Medicine". Med Care. 37 (11): 1174–82. PMID 10549620.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Williams ES, Konrad TR, Linzer M, McMurray J, Pathman DE, Gerrity M; et al. (1999). "Refining the measurement of physician job satisfaction: results from the Physician Worklife Survey. SGIM Career Satisfaction Study Group. Society of General Internal Medicine". Med Care. 37 (11): 1140–54. PMID 10549616.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Jaén CR, Crabtree BF, Palmer RF, Ferrer RL, Nutting PA, Miller WL; et al. (2010). "Methods for evaluating practice change toward a patient-centered medical home". Ann Fam Med. 8 Suppl 1: S9–20, S92. doi:10.1370/afm.1108. PMC 2885721. PMID 20530398.
  11. ↑ Lichtenstein R (1984). "Measuring the job satisfaction of physicians in organized settings". Med Care. 22 (1): 56–68. PMID 6694460.
  12. ↑ Stamps PL, Piedmont EB, Slavitt DB, Haase AM (1978). "Measurement of work satisfaction among health professionals". Med Care. 16 (4): 337–52. PMID 651399.
  13. ↑ Lloyd S, Streiner D, Hahn E, Shannon S (1994). "Development of the emergency physician job satisfaction measurement instrument". Am J Emerg Med. 12 (1): 1–10. PMID 8285952.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Friedberg MW, Rodriguez HP, Martsolf GR, Edelen MO, Vargas Bustamante A (2016). "Measuring Workplace Climate in Community Clinics and Health Centers". Med Care. 54 (10): 944–9. doi:10.1097/MLR.0000000000000585. PMID 27326549.
  15. ↑ Linzer M, Manwell LB, Williams ES, Bobula JA, Brown RL, Varkey AB; et al. (2009). "Working conditions in primary care: physician reactions and care quality". Ann Intern Med. 151 (1): 28–36, W6–9. PMID 19581644.
  16. ↑ Williams ES, Manwell LB, Konrad TR, Linzer M (2007). "The relationship of organizational culture, stress, satisfaction, and burnout with physician-reported error and suboptimal patient care: results from the MEMO study". Health Care Manage Rev. 32 (3): 203–12. doi:10.1097/01.HMR.0000281626.28363.59. PMID 17666991.
  17. ↑ Friedberg MW, Chen PG, Van Busum KR, Aunon F, Pham C, Caloyeras J; et al. (2014). "Factors Affecting Physician Professional Satisfaction and Their Implications for Patient Care, Health Systems, and Health Policy". Rand Health Q. 3 (4): 1. PMC 5051918. PMID 28083306.
  18. ↑ Friedberg, Mark W., Peggy G. Chen, Kristin R. Van Busum, Frances Aunon, Chau Pham, John Caloyeras, Soeren Mattke, Emma Pitchforth, Denise D Ingram Quigley, Robert H. Brook, F. Jay Crosson and Michael Tutty. Factors Affecting Physician Professional Satisfaction and Their Implications for Patient Care, Health Systems, and Health Policy. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2013. https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR439.html. Also available in print form.
  19. ↑ Lewis SE, Nocon RS, Tang H, Park SY, Vable AM, Casalino LP; et al. (2012). "Patient-centered medical home characteristics and staff morale in safety net clinics". Arch Intern Med. 172 (1): 23–31. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2011.580. PMC 3752653. PMID 22232143.
  20. ↑ Alidina S, Rosenthal MB, Schneider EC, Singer SJ, Friedberg MW (2014). "Practice environments and job satisfaction in patient-centered medical homes". Ann Fam Med. 12 (4): 331–7. doi:10.1370/afm.1662. PMC 4096470. PMID 25024241.
  21. ↑ Linzer M, Poplau S, Babbott S, Collins T, Guzman-Corrales L, Menk J; et al. (2016). "Worklife and Wellness in Academic General Internal Medicine: Results from a National Survey". J Gen Intern Med. 31 (9): 1004–10. doi:10.1007/s11606-016-3720-4. PMC 4978678. PMID 27138425.

See also


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