Junctional tachycardia causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ayokunle Olubaniyi, M.B,B.S [2]
Overview
Junctional tachycardia may oocur either as a result of enhanced automaticity of the AV node when the SA node is bradycardic or discharges at a slower rate than the AV node (e.g. myocardial infarction, digitalis toxicity) or when an ectopic focus with an abnormal automaticity develops within or adjacent to the AV junction. Other causes include: hypoxia, electrolyte imbalance, and infections such as rheumatic fever, Lyme disease.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
- Beta blockers
- Cardiac surgery
- Digitalis toxicity
- Hypokalemia
- Hypothermia
- Hypoxia
- Myocardial infarction
- Pericarditis
Causes by Organ System
Cardiovascular | Cardiac surgery, LQT type 4, myocardial infarction, pericarditis, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome |
Chemical/Poisoning | Grayanotoxin |
Dental | No underlying causes |
Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
Drug Side Effect | Amiodarone, beta blockers, cimetidine, clonidine, diltiazem, flumazenil, guanethidine, isoproterenol infusion, lithium, methyldopa, reserpine, verapamil |
Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
Endocrine | Hemochromatosis, hypothyroidism |
Environmental | Hypothermia |
Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
Genetic | Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, LQT type 4, muscular dystrophy, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome |
Hematologic | No underlying causes |
Iatrogenic | Cardiac surgery |
Infectious Disease | Chagas disease, diphtheria, leptospirosis, Lyme disease, rheumatic fever, salmonella typhosa, trichinosis |
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, muscular dystrophy |
Neurologic | No underlying causes |
Nutritional/Metabolic | Hypokalemia, hypothermia |
Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
Oncologic | No underlying causes |
Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
Overdose/Toxicity | Beta blockers, carbamazepine poisoning, digitalis toxicity, lithium |
Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
Pulmonary | Hypoxia |
Renal/Electrolyte | Hypokalemia |
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | Amyloidosis, scleroderma |
Sexual | No underlying causes |
Trauma | No underlying causes |
Urologic | No underlying causes |
Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |
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