Kidney stone historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2]
Overview
Urinary stones was first discovered by E. Smith, an English archaeologist, in 1901 when he found bladder stone in Egyptian mummy aged 4500-7000 year. In the 4th century B.C., when Hipprocratic Oath was made,the line that refers to stones was mentioned: “I will not use the knife, not even on sufferers from stone, but will withdraw in favor of such men as are engaged in this work....I will not cut for the stone, but will leave this to be done by practitioners of this work.”In the 8th century B.C, treatment strategy for stone removal was developed by an Indian surgeon, Sushruta as written in Sushruta Samhita. In 1976, the first percutaneous stone surgery was performed by Fernstrom and Johansson. The famous cases of nephrolithiasis includes: in 1549, Michelangelo was diagnosed and treated for uric acid stones;in 1724, Sir Isaac Newton noted that he passed two small pea-sized stones and in 1961, Roger Moore, aka James Bond, experienced three kidney stone episodes and treated with surgery.
Historical Perspective
Discovery
- In 1901, E. Smith, an English archaeologist, was the first to discover urinary stones in Egyptian mummy aged 4500-7000 year.[1][2]
- In the 4th century B.C., when Hipprocratic Oath was made,the line that refers to stones was mentioned: “I will not use the knife, not even on sufferers from stone, but will withdraw in favor of such men as are engaged in this work....I will not cut for the stone, but will leave this to be done by practitioners of this work.”[3]
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Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
- In the 8th century B.C, treatment strategy for stone removal was developed by an Indian surgeon, Sushruta as written in Sushruta Samhita[5]
- In 1976, the first percutaneous stone surgery was performed by Fernstrom and Johansson.
Famous Cases
- The following are a few famous cases of nephrolithiasis:[6]
- In 1549, Michelangelo was diagnosed and treated for uric acid stones
- In 1724, Sir Isaac Newton noted that he passed two small pea-sized stones.
- In 1961, Roger Moore, aka James Bond, experienced three kidney stone episodes and treated with surgery.
References
- ↑ López M, Hoppe B (January 2010). "History, epidemiology and regional diversities of urolithiasis". Pediatr. Nephrol. 25 (1): 49–59. doi:10.1007/s00467-008-0960-5. PMC 2778769. PMID 21476230.
- ↑ "History of kidney stones - KidneyStoners.org".
- ↑ Dimopoulos C, Gialas A, Likourinas M, Androutsos G, Kostakopoulos A (April 1980). "Hippocrates: founder and pioneer of urology". Br J Urol. 52 (2): 73–4. PMID 7000221.
- ↑ By University of Leiden alumni magazine Nov 2004, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=9529852
- ↑ Chakravorty RC (1982). "Urinary stones their cause and treatment as described in the sushrutasamhita". Hist Sci Med. 17 (Spec 2): 328–32. PMID 11612318.
- ↑ "13 Famous Kidney Stoners - Celebrities with Stones - KidneyStoners.org".