Lead poisoning diagnostic study of choice
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aksiniya Stevasarova, M.D.
Overview
The best and the most accurate method to diagnose lead poisoning is directly measuring the venous blood lead levels.
Diagnostic Study of Choice
Study of choice
- [{Blood Lead Levels] is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of lead poisoning. [1]
- The following result of [[blood lead levels] is confirmatory of lead poisoning:
- BLL >5mcg/dL [2]
The comparison of various diagnostic studies for [disease name]
| Test | Sensitivity | Specificity |
|---|---|---|
| Blood Lead Levels | 100% | 100% |
Blood Lead Levels= The best test based on the feature
Diagnostic results
The following result of direct venous blood lead levels in patients is confirmatory of lead poisoning:
- BLL >5mcg/dL
- BLL >40mcg/dL requires treatment with chelating agents
Sequence of Diagnostic Studies
The BLL test should be performed when:
- The patient presented with symptoms like abdominal pain ("lead colic"), joint/muscle aches, short-term memory problems, difficulty concentrating, irritability, anemia and nephropathy is the first step of diagnosis.
- A positive venous blood lead levels >5mcg is detected in the patient, to confirm the diagnosis.
The rest of the main laboratory tests that measure lead effects are:
- free erythrocyte protoporphyrin test [3]
- zinc protoporphyrin test
- CBC with blood smear morphology
- blood urea nitrogen
- serum creatinine
- urinalysis
Diagnostic Criteria
- There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of lead poisoning. What matters in diagnosing lead poisoning is directly measuring the blood lead levels in venous blood.
References
- ↑ D'souza HS, Dsouza SA, Menezes G, Venkatesh T (2011). "Diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of lead poisoning in general population". Indian J Clin Biochem. 26 (2): 197–201. doi:10.1007/s12291-011-0122-6. PMC 3107416. PMID 22468050.
- ↑ Herman DS, Geraldine M, Venkatesh T (2007). "Evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of lead poisoning in a patient with occupational lead exposure: a case presentation". J Occup Med Toxicol. 2: 7. doi:10.1186/1745-6673-2-7. PMC 2000868. PMID 17718907.
- ↑ Peter F, Reynolds RG (1978). "Lead-erythrocyte protoporphyrin correlation in blood of exposed workers". Health Lab Sci. 15 (3): 144–9. PMID 701012.