MFNG

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External IDs	GeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
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Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase manic fringe is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MFNG gene, a member of the fringe gene family which also includes the radical fringe (RFNG) and lunatic fringe (LFNG).

They all encode evolutionarily conserved proteins that act in the Notch receptor pathway to demarcate boundaries during embryonic development. While their genomic structure is distinct from other glycosyltransferases, fringe proteins have a fucose-specific beta1,3 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity that leads to elongation of O-linked fucose residues on Notch, which alters Notch signaling.

Further reading

• Cohen B, Bashirullah A, Dagnino L, et al. (1997). "Fringe boundaries coincide with Notch-dependent patterning centres in mammals and alter Notch-dependent development in Drosophila". Nat. Genet. 16 (3): 283–8. doi:10.1038/ng0797-283. PMID 9207795.
• Moran JL, Johnston SH, Rauskolb C, et al. (1999). "Genomic structure, mapping, and expression analysis of the mammalian Lunatic, Manic, and Radical fringe genes". Mamm. Genome. 10 (6): 535–41. doi:10.1007/s003359901039. PMID 10341080.
• Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, et al. (1999). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22". Nature. 402 (6761): 489–95. doi:10.1038/990031. PMID 10591208.
• Van Tine BA, Knops J, Shaw GM, May WA (2000). "Assignment of human MFNG, manic fringe Drosophila homolog, to 22q13.1 using tyramide fluorescence in situ hybridization (T-FISH)". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 87 (1–2): 132–3. doi:10.1159/000015379. PMID 10640833.
• Moloney DJ, Panin VM, Johnston SH, et al. (2000). "Fringe is a glycosyltransferase that modifies Notch". Nature. 406 (6794): 369–75. doi:10.1038/35019000. PMID 10935626.
• Shimizu K, Chiba S, Saito T, et al. (2001). "Manic fringe and lunatic fringe modify different sites of the Notch2 extracellular region, resulting in different signaling modulation". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (28): 25753–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M103473200. PMID 11346656.
• Thélu J, Rossio P, Favier B (2003). "Notch signalling is linked to epidermal cell differentiation level in basal cell carcinoma, psoriasis and wound healing". BMC Dermatol. 2: 7. doi:10.1186/1471-5945-2-7. PMC 111189. PMID 11978185.
• Panin VM, Shao L, Lei L, et al. (2002). "Notch ligands are substrates for protein O-fucosyltransferase-1 and Fringe". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (33): 29945–52. doi:10.1074/jbc.M204445200. PMID 12036964.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Shao L, Moloney DJ, Haltiwanger R (2003). "Fringe modifies O-fucose on mouse Notch1 at epidermal growth factor-like repeats within the ligand-binding site and the Abruptex region". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (10): 7775–82. doi:10.1074/jbc.M212221200. PMID 12486116.
• Veeraraghavalu K, Pett M, Kumar RV, et al. (2004). "Papillomavirus-Mediated Neoplastic Progression Is Associated with Reciprocal Changes in Jagged1 and Manic Fringe Expression Linked to Notch Activation". J. Virol. 78 (16): 8687–700. doi:10.1128/JVI.78.16.8687-8700.2004. PMC 479091. PMID 15280477.
• Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, et al. (2005). "A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome". Genome Biol. 5 (10): R84. doi:10.1186/gb-2004-5-10-r84. PMC 545604. PMID 15461802.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.