Mental retardation diagnostic study of choice

Mental retardation Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Mental retardation from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X-ray
Echocardiography and Ultrasound
CT scan
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Interventions
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Mental retardation diagnostic study of choice On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Mental retardation diagnostic study of choice All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Mental retardation diagnostic study of choice
CDC on Mental retardation diagnostic study of choice
Mental retardation diagnostic study of choice in the news
Blogs on Mental retardation diagnostic study of choice
Directions to Hospitals Treating Mental retardation
Risk calculators and risk factors for Mental retardation diagnostic study of choice

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chelsea Mae Nobleza, M.D.[2] Kiran Singh, M.D. [3]

Overview

There is no specific study to diagnose intellectual disability. The DSM 5 Diagnostic Criteria specifies that all of the three criteria must be satisfied:

1. Individuals have difficulty in executive functioning, academic learning, and experiential learning confirmed by standard assessment tools and clinically.
2. Social communication skills are challenging and practical skills that impair independence (performing activities of daily living) and interaction with other people.
3. It happens during the developmental period.

The classification of ID must also be specified.

Diagnostic Criteria

DSM-V Diagnostic Criteria for Intellectual Disability

“

Intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder) is a disorder with onset during the developmental period that includes both intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits in conceptual, social, and practical domains. The following three criteria must be met: A. Deficits in intellectual functions, such as reasoning, problem solving, planning, abstract thinking, judgment, academic learning, and learning from experience, confirmed by both clinical assessment and individualized, standardized intelligence testing. AND B. Deficits in adaptive functioning that result in failure to meet developmental and sociocultural standards for personal independence and social responsibility. Without ongoing support, the adaptive deficits limit functioning in one or more activities of daily life, such as communication, social participation, and independent living, across multiple environments, such as home, school, work, and community. AND C. Onset of intellectual and adaptive deficits during the developmental period.

”

Note: The diagnostic term intellectual disability is the equivalent term for the ICD-11 diagnosis of intellectual developmental disorders. Although the term intellectual disability is used throughout this manual, both terms are used in the title to clarify relationships with other classification systems. Moreover, a federal statute in the United States (Public Law 111-256, Rosa’s Law) replaces the term mental retardation with intellectual disability, and research journals use the term intellectual disability. Thus, intellectual disability is the term in common use by medical, educational, and other professions and by the lay public and advocacy groups.

Unspecified Intellectual Disability

Unspecified intellectual disability refers to an intellectual disability that is difficult to evaluate among individuals > 5 years of age. Subjects with unspecified intellectual disabilities should be reassessed at a later time. The difficulty to assess the extent of the intellectual disability can be due to one or more of the following conditions:

• Sensory impairment
• Physical impairment
• Locomotor disability
• Severe behavioral problem
• Coexisting mental disorder