Myopia management
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saumya Easaw, M.B.B.S.[3]
Management
Eye-exercises and Biofeedback
Practitioners and advocates of alternative therapies often recommend eye exercises and relaxation techniques such as the Bates method. However, the efficacy of these practices is disputed by scientists and eye care practitioners. A 2005 review of scientific papers on the subject concluded that there was "no clear scientific evidence" that eye exercises were effective in treating myopia.
In the eighties and nineties, there was a flurry of interest in biofeedback as a possible treatment for myopia. A 1997 review of this biofeedback research concluded that "controlled studies to validate such methods ... have been rare and contradictory." [1] It was found in one study that myopes could improve their visual acuity with biofeedback training, but that this improvement was "instrument-specific" and did not generalise to other measures or situations. [2]In another study an "improvement" in visual acuity was found but the authors concluded that this could be a result of subjects learning the task [3] Finally, in an evaluation of a training system designed to improve acuity, "no significant difference was found between the control and experimental subjects" [4]
Myopia Control
Various methods have been employed in an attempt to decrease the progression of myopia. Altering the use of eyeglasses between full-time, part-time, and not at all does not appear to alter myopia progression.[5][6] Bifocal and progressive lenses have not shown significant differences in altering the progression of myopia.
References
- ↑ G Rupolo, M Angi, E Sabbadin, S Caucci, E Pilotto, E Racano and C de Bertolini (1997). "Treating myopia with acoustic biofeedback: a prospective study on the evolution of visual acuity and psychological distress". Psychosomatic Medicine. 59 (3): 313–317.
- ↑ Randle RJ (1988). "Responses of myopes to volitional control training of accommodation". Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 8: 333–340.
- ↑ Gallaway M, Pearls SM, Winkelstein AM; et al. (1987). "Biofeedback training of visual acuity and myopia: A pilot study". Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 64: 62–71.
- ↑ Koslowe KC, Spierer A, Rosner M; et al. (1991). "Evaluation of accommotrac biofeedback training for myopia control". Optom Vis Sci. 68: 252–4.
- ↑ Ong E, Grice K, Held R, Thorn F, Gwiazda J. "Effects of spectacle intervention on the progression of myopia in children." Optom Vis Sci. 1999 Jun;76(6):363-9. PMID 10416930.
- ↑ Parssinen O, Hemminki E, Klemetti A. Effect of spectacle use and accommodation on myopic progression: final results of a three-year randomised clinical trial among schoolchildren. Br J Ophthalmol. 1989 Jul;73(7):547-51. PMID 2667638.