Nephrocalcinosis causes

Nephrocalcinosis Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes

Causes of cortical nephrocalcinosis

• Acute cortical necrosis. May be caused by:
  • Placenta abruptio
  • Placenta previa
  • Septic abortion
  • Transfusion reactions
  • Burns
  • Snake bite
  • Severe dehydration
  • Shock
  • Severe heart failure
  • Abdominal aortic surgery
• Chronic glomerulonephritis
• Alport syndrome
• Prolonged hypercalcemia and/or hypercalciuria
• Renal transplant rejection
• Sickle cell disease (rare)
• Vitamin B6 deficiency (pyridoxine deficiency) (rare)

Causes of medullary nephrocalcinosis

• Medullary sponge kidney
• Hyperparathyroidism
• Hypoparathyroidism
• Renal tubular acidosis (specifically distal RTA)
• Renal tuberculosis
• Renal papillary necrosis
• Hyperoxaluria

Other causes of hypercalcemia (and thus hypercalciuria)

• Immobilization (leading to hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria)
• Milk-alkali syndrome
• Hypervitaminosis D
• Sarcoidosis