Oliguria causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Mugilan Poongkunran M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Oliguria is the low output of urine below 300-500ml/day. The decreased output of urine may be causes by dehydration, renal failure, hypovolemic shock, hyperosmolar nonketotic coma, urinary retention, DKA, preeclampsia, and urinary tract infections among other conditions.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
- Aneurysmal rupture
- Accelerated hypertension
- Acute blood loss
- Acute cortical necrosis
- Acute systemic inflammation following acute myocardial infarction
- Acute tubular necrosis
- Anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions
- Bowel strangulation
- Burns
- Carbon monoxide poisoning
- Cardiogenic shock
- Crush syndrome
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation
- Drug overdose
- Eclampsia
- Endotoxic shock
- Heat stroke
- Hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic coma
- Massive pulmonary embolism
- Mismatched blood transfusion
- Neurogenic shock after central nervous system or spinal cord injury
- Pericardial tamponade
- Severe constrictive pericarditis
Common Causes
- ACE inhibitors
- Acute renal failure
- Acute tubular necrosis
- Aminoglycosides
- Analgesic nephropathy
- Capillary leak
- Dehydration
- Diarrhoea
- Diuretics
- Interstitial nephritis
- Massive bleeding
- Nephritic syndrome
- Nephrolithiasis
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Neurogenic bladder
- NSAIDs
- Posterior urethral valves
- Postpartum bleeding
- Prostate enlargement
- Renal artery thrombosis
- Sepsis
- SIADH
- Third space losses
- Urethral trauma