Ovarian fibroma

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	Ovarian fibroma;
	MRI: Ovarian fibroma. ; Image courtesy of RadsWiki

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Contributors: Cafer Zorkun M.D., PhD.

Overview

Ovarian fibromas account for approximately 4% of all ovarian neoplasms and are the most common sex cord tumor. Fibromas are generally asymptomatic and typically detected in middle-aged women at palpation during routine gynecologic examination. They are associated with ascites in 40% of cases and with pleural effusions in a small percentage of cases. Meig syndrome consists of an ovarian fibroma with ascites and a pleural effusion. ^[1] ^[2]

Epidemiology

Fibromas are seen in 75% of patients with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome.

Diagnosis

Ultrasonography

Fibromas most commonly manifest as solid, hypoechoic masses with sound attenuation; however, the US appearance is variable.

Computed Tomography

Fibromas manifest as diffuse, slightly hypoattenuating masses with poor, very slow contrast enhancement.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Fibromas demonstrate homogeneous, relatively low signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images. On T2-weighted images, fibromas appear as well-circumscribed masses with low signal intensity containing scattered high-signal-intensity areas representing edema or cystic degeneration.