Pancoast tumor epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mazia Fatima, MBBS [2]
Overveiw
Pancoast tumors are a rare type of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), account for fewer than 5% of all lung cancers. In the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of pancoast tumor is estimated to be 5 per 100,000. In 2014, the incidence of Pancoast tumor was approximately 3 per 100,000 individuals. It is rare in people under age 45. Males are thought to be more predisposed to the development of lung cancer. The male to female ratio for the incidence of lung cancer is approximately 1.4 to 1. There is no racial predilection for Pancoast tumor. The incidence of lung cancer is lower in developing countries than in developed countries. Western Europe and the U.S. have the highest incidence of lung cancer.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Pancoast tumors are a rare type of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), account for fewer than 5% of all lung cancers.[1][2]
Prevalence
- In the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of pancoast tumor is estimated to be 5 per 100,000 individuals.[3][4]
- The prevalence of lung cancer significantly increases among smokers and individuals with chronic exposure to risk factors for lung cancer.
Incidence
- In 2014, the incidence of Pancoast tumor was approximately 3 per 100,000 individuals.[3][4]
- According to the American Cancer Society, an estimated 3,000 nonsmoking adults will die each year from lung cancer related to breathing secondhand smoke.
- Each year more people die of lung cancer than breast, colon, and prostate cancers combined.
- It is unclear whether the increased incidence of lung cancer is due to increased cancers or improved cancer detection (e.g. screening techniques).
Age
- Lung cancer is more common in older people. It is rare in people under age 45.[5]
Gender
- Males are thought to be more predisposed to the development of lung cancer. This gender discrepancy is often attributed to the historically increased rate of smoking among males compared to females.[4]
- The male to female ratio for the incidence of lung cancer is approximately 1.4 to 1.
Race
Developing Countries
- The incidence of lung cancer is lower in developing countries than in developed countries. It is unknown whether this decreased incidence is due to decreased cancer rates or decreased detection rates.[5]
Developed Countries
- Western Europe and the U.S. have the highest incidence of lung cancer.[3]
References
- ↑ Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z, Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.
- ↑ Siegel, Rebecca; Ma, Jiemin; Zou, Zhaohui; Jemal, Ahmedin (2014). "Cancer statistics, 2014". CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 64 (1): 9–29. doi:10.3322/caac.21208. ISSN 0007-9235.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Ginsberg RJ, Martini N, Zaman M, Armstrong JG, Bains MS, Burt ME, McCormack PM, Rusch VW, Harrison LB (June 1994). "Influence of surgical resection and brachytherapy in the management of superior sulcus tumor". Ann. Thorac. Surg. 57 (6): 1440–5. PMID 8010786.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "Gender in lung cancer and smoking research" (PDF). World Health Organization. 2004. Retrieved 2007-05-26.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Johnson DE, Goldberg M (June 1997). "Management of carcinoma of the superior pulmonary sulcus". Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.). 11 (6): 781–5, discussion 785–6. PMID 9189936.