Papillary thyroid cancer risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sahar Memar Montazerin, M.D.[2] Ammu Susheela, M.D. [3]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of papillary thyroid cancer are radiation exposure, and family history of thyroid cancer.
Risk Factors
- In general, risk factors for the development of thyroid cancers are:[1][2][3]
- Radiation therapy
- Exposure to (131)Iodine in childhood
- Family history of thyroid disease (including thyroid cancer)
- History of enlarged thyroid (goiter)
- Female gender
- Asian race
- Common risk factors in the development of papillary thyroid cancer are:[4]
- Childhood head and neck irradiation
- Total body irradiation for bone marrow transplantation
- Any ionizing radiation exposure
- Positive family history
References
- ↑ Iribarren, Carlos; Haselkorn, Tmirah; Tekawa, Irene S.; Friedman, Gary D. (2001). "Cohort study of thyroid cancer in a San Francisco Bay area population". International Journal of Cancer. 93 (5): 745–750. doi:10.1002/ijc.1377. ISSN 0020-7136.
- ↑ Cardis E, Kesminiene A, Ivanov V, Malakhova I, Shibata Y, Khrouch V, Drozdovitch V, Maceika E, Zvonova I, Vlassov O, Bouville A, Goulko G, Hoshi M, Abrosimov A, Anoshko J, Astakhova L, Chekin S, Demidchik E, Galanti R, Ito M, Korobova E, Lushnikov E, Maksioutov M, Masyakin V, Nerovnia A, Parshin V, Parshkov E, Piliptsevich N, Pinchera A, Polyakov S, Shabeka N, Suonio E, Tenet V, Tsyb A, Yamashita S, Williams D (May 2005). "Risk of thyroid cancer after exposure to 131I in childhood". J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 97 (10): 724–32. doi:10.1093/jnci/dji129. PMID 15900042.
- ↑ Hundahl, Scott A.; Cady, Blake; Cunningham, Myles P.; Mazzaferri, Ernest; McKee, Rosemary F.; Rosai, Juan; Shah, Jatin P.; Fremgen, Amy M.; Stewart, Andrew K.; H�lzer, Simon (2000). "Initial results from a prospective cohort study of 5583 cases of thyroid carcinoma treated in the United States during 1996". Cancer. 89 (1): 202–217. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(20000701)89:1<202::AID-CNCR27>3.0.CO;2-A. ISSN 0008-543X. replacement character in
|last10=at position 2 (help) - ↑ Cooper, David S.; Doherty, Gerard M.; Haugen, Bryan R.; Kloos, Richard T.; Lee, Stephanie L.; Mandel, Susan J.; Mazzaferri, Ernest L.; McIver, Bryan; Pacini, Furio; Schlumberger, Martin; Sherman, Steven I.; Steward, David L.; Tuttle, R. Michael (2009). "Revised American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer". Thyroid. 19 (11): 1167–1214. doi:10.1089/thy.2009.0110. ISSN 1050-7256.