Plecanatide

Plecanatide
Black Box Warning
Adult Indications & Dosage
Pediatric Indications & Dosage
Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Use in Specific Populations
Administration & Monitoring
Overdosage
Pharmacology
Clinical Studies
How Supplied
Images
Patient Counseling Information
Precautions with Alcohol
Brand Names
Look-Alike Names

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yashasvi Aryaputra[2];

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Black Box Warning

RISK OF SERIOUS DEHYDRATION IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning. Plecanatide is contraindicated in patients less than 6 years of age; in nonclinical studies in young juvenile mice administration of a single oral dose of Plecanatide caused deaths due to dehydration. Avoid use of Plecanatide in patients 6 years to less than 18 years of age. The safety and effectiveness of Plecanatide have not been established in patients less than 18 years of age.

Overview

Plecanatide is a guanylate cyclase-C agonist that is FDA approved for the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). There is a Black Box Warning for this drug as shown here. Common adverse reactions include diarrhea.

Adult Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)

Indications:

• Plecanatide is indicated in adults for the treatment of:

• chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC).

• irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C).

Recommended Dosage:

• The recommended dosage of Plecanatide for the treatment of CIC and IBS-C is 3 mg taken orally once daily.

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Plecanatide Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use and Dosage (Adult) in the drug label.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Plecanatide Off-Label Non-Guideline-Supported Use and Dosage (Adult) in the drug label.

Pediatric Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)

There is limited information regarding Plecanatide FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric) in the drug label.

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Plecanatide Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use and Dosage (Pediatric) in the drug label.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Plecanatide Off-Label Non-Guideline-Supported Use and Dosage (Pediatric) in the drug label.

Contraindications

• Plecanatide is contraindicated in:

• Patients less than 6 years of age due to the risk of serious dehydration.

• Patients with known or suspected mechanical gastrointestinal obstruction.

Warnings

RISK OF SERIOUS DEHYDRATION IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning. Plecanatide is contraindicated in patients less than 6 years of age; in nonclinical studies in young juvenile mice administration of a single oral dose of Plecanatide caused deaths due to dehydration. Avoid use of Plecanatide in patients 6 years to less than 18 years of age. The safety and effectiveness of Plecanatide have not been established in patients less than 18 years of age.

Risk of Serious Dehydration in Pediatric Patients

• Plecanatide is contraindicated in patients less than 6 years of age. The safety and effectiveness of Plecanatide in patients less than 18 years of age have not been established. In young juvenile mice (human age equivalent of approximately 1 month to less than 2 years), Plecanatide increased fluid-secretion into the intestines as a consequence of stimulation of guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C), resulting in mortality in some mice within the first 24 hours, apparently due to dehydration. Due to increased intestinal expression of GC-C, patients less than 6 years of age may be more likely than patients 6 years of age and older to develop severe diarrhea and its potentially serious consequences.

• Avoid the use of Plecanatide in patients 6 years to less than 18 years of age. Although there were no deaths in older juvenile mice, given the deaths in younger mice and the lack of clinical safety and efficacy data in pediatric patients, avoid the use of Plecanatide in patients 6 years to less than 18 years of age.

Diarrhea

• Diarrhea was the most common adverse reaction in four placebo-controlled clinical trials, two in patients with CIC and two in patients with IBS-C. Severe diarrhea was reported in 0.6% of patients in two trials in patients with CIC and in 0.6% of patients in the two trials in patients with IBS-C. If severe diarrhea occurs, suspend dosing and rehydrate the patient.

Adverse Reactions

Clinical Trials Experience

• Because clinical studies are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared with rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

• Demographic characteristics were comparable between the Plecanatide and placebo groups in all studies.

Chronic Idiopathic Constipation (CIC)

• The safety data described below reflect data from 1733 adult patients with CIC randomized in two double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials (Study 1 and Study 2) to receive placebo or 3 mg of Plecanatide once daily for 12 weeks.

Most Common Adverse Reactions

• Table 1 provides the incidence of adverse reactions reported in at least 2% of CIC patients in the Plecanatide-treated group and at an incidence that was greater than in the placebo group.

This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

Diarrhea

• The majority of reported cases of diarrhea occurred within 4 weeks of treatment initiation. Severe diarrhea was reported in 0.6% of Plecanatide-treated patients compared to 0.3% of placebo-treated patients. Severe diarrhea was reported to occur within the first 3 days of treatment.

Adverse Reactions Leading to Discontinuation

• Discontinuations due to adverse reactions occurred in 4% of Plecanatide-treated patients and 2% of placebo-treated patients. The most common adverse reaction leading to discontinuation was diarrhea: 2% of Plecanatide-treated patients and 0.5% of placebo-treated patients withdrew due to diarrhea.

Less Common Adverse Reactions

• Adverse reactions reported in less than 2% of Plecanatide-treated patients and at an incidence greater than placebo were: sinusitis, upper respiratory tract infection, abdominal distension, flatulence, abdominal tenderness, and increased liver biochemical tests (2 patients with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) greater than 5 to 15 times the upper limit of normal and 3 patients with aspartate aminotransferase (AST) greater than 5 times the upper limit of normal).

Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation (IBS-C)

• The safety data described below reflect data from 1449 adult patients with IBS-C randomized in two double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials (Study 3 and Study 4) to receive placebo or 3 mg Plecanatide once daily for 12 weeks.

Most Common Adverse Reactions

• Table 2 provides the incidence of adverse reactions reported in at least 2% of IBS-C patients treated with Plecanatide and at an incidence that was greater than in the placebo group.

This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

Diarrhea

• The majority of reported cases of diarrhea occurred within 4 weeks of treatment initiation. Severe diarrhea was reported in 1% of Plecanatide-treated patients compared to 0.1% of placebo-treated patients [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.2)]. Severe diarrhea was reported to occur within the first day of treatment.

Adverse Reactions Leading to Discontinuation

• Discontinuations due to adverse reactions occurred in 2.5% of Plecanatide-treated patients and 0.4% of placebo-treated patients. The most common adverse reaction leading to discontinuation was diarrhea: 1.2% of Plecanatide-treated patients and 0% of placebo-treated patients withdrew due to diarrhea.

Less Common Adverse Reactions

• Adverse reactions reported in 1% or more but less than 2% of Plecanatide-treated patients and at an incidence greater than placebo were: nausea, nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, and dizziness. Two patients reported increased liver biochemical tests (alanine aminotransferase (ALT) greater than 5 to 15 times the upper limit of normal).

Postmarketing Experience

(Description)

Drug Interactions

There is limited information regarding Plecanatide Drug Interactions in the drug label.

Use in Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category (FDA): Risk Summary

• Plecanatide and its active metabolite are negligibly absorbed systemically following oral administration and maternal use is not expected to result in fetal exposure to the drug. The available data on Plecanatide use in pregnant women are not sufficient to inform any drug-associated risks for major birth defects and miscarriage. In animal developmental studies, no effects on embryo-fetal development were observed with oral administration of Plecanatide in mice and rabbits during organogenesis at doses much higher than the recommended human dosage.

• The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the United States general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.

Data (Animal)

• Pregnant mice and rabbits were administered Plecanatide during the period of organogenesis. There was no evidence of harm to embryo-fetal development at oral doses up to 800 mg/kg/day in mice and 250 mg/kg/day in rabbits. Oral administration of up to 600 mg/kg/day in mice during organogenesis through lactation produced no developmental abnormalities or effects on growth, learning and memory, or fertility in the offspring through maturation.

• The maximum recommended human dose is approximately 0.05 mg/kg/day, based on a 60-kg body weight. Limited systemic exposure to Plecanatide was achieved in animals during organogenesis (area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUCt) = 449 ng∙h/mL in rabbits given 250 mg/kg/day). Plecanatide and its active metabolite are not measurable in human plasma following administration of the recommended clinical dosage. Therefore, animal and human doses should not be compared directly for evaluating relative exposure.

Pregnancy Category (AUS): There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Plecanatide in women who are pregnant.

Labor and Delivery

There is no FDA guidance on use of Plecanatide during labor and delivery.

Nursing Mothers

Risk Summary

• There is no information regarding the presence of Plecanatide in human milk, or its effects on milk production or the breastfed infant. No lactation studies in animals have been conducted. Plecanatide and its active metabolite are negligibly absorbed systemically following oral administration.

• It is unknown whether the negligible systemic absorption of Plecanatide by adults will result in a clinically relevant exposure to breastfed infants. Exposure to Plecanatide in breastfed infants has the potential for serious adverse effects. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for Plecanatide and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from Plecanatide or from the underlying maternal condition.

Pediatric Use

• Plecanatide is contraindicated in pediatric patients less than 6 years of age. Avoid use of Plecanatide in patients 6 years to less than 18 years of age. The safety and effectiveness of Plecanatide in patients less than 18 years of age have not been established.

• In nonclinical studies, deaths occurred within 24 hours in young juvenile mice (human age equivalent of approximately 1 month to less than 2 years) following oral administration of Plecanatide, as described below in Juvenile Animal Toxicity Data. Because of increased intestinal expression of GC-C, patients less than 6 years of age may be more likely than patients 6 years of age and older to develop diarrhea and its potentially serious consequences. Plecanatide is contraindicated in patients less than 6 years of age. Given the deaths in young juvenile mice and the lack of clinical safety and efficacy data in pediatric patients, avoid the use of Plecanatide in patients 6 years to less than 18 years of age.

Juvenile Animal Toxicity Data

• Single oral doses of Plecanatide at 0.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg caused mortality in young juvenile mice on postnatal days 7 and 14, respectively (human age equivalent of approximately 1 month to less than 2 years). Treatment-related increases in the weight of intestinal contents were observed in juvenile mice following single doses of Plecanatide on postnatal day 14 (human age equivalent of approximately less than 2 years), consistent with increased fluid in the intestinal lumen. Although the recommended human dose is approximately 0.05 mg/kg/day, based on a 60-kg body weight, Plecanatide and its active metabolite are not measurable in adult human plasma, whereas systemic absorption was demonstrated in the juvenile animal toxicity studies. Animal and human doses should not be compared directly for evaluating relative exposure.

Geriatic Use

Chronic Idiopathic Constipation (CIC)

• Of 2601 subjects in placebo-controlled clinical trials of Plecanatide, 273 (10%) were 65 years of age and over, and 47 (2%) were 75 years and over. Clinical studies of Plecanatide did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from patients 18 years to less than 65 years of age.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation (IBS-C)

• Of 1621 subjects in the placebo-controlled clinical studies of Plecanatide, 134 (8.3%) were 65 years of age and over, and 25 (1.5%) were 75 years and over. Clinical studies of Plecanatide did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from patients 18 years to less than 65 years of age.

Gender

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Plecanatide with respect to specific gender populations.

Race

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Plecanatide with respect to specific racial populations.

Renal Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Plecanatide in patients with renal impairment.

Hepatic Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Plecanatide in patients with hepatic impairment.

Females of Reproductive Potential and Males

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Plecanatide in women of reproductive potentials and males.

Immunocompromised Patients

There is no FDA guidance one the use of Plecanatide in patients who are immunocompromised.

Administration and Monitoring

Administration

Oral Administration in Applesauce:

• In a clean container, crush the Plecanatide tablet to a powder and mix with 1 teaspoonful of room temperature applesauce.

• Consume the entire tablet-applesauce mixture immediately. Do not store the mixture for later use.

Oral Administration in Water:

• Place the Plecanatide tablet in a clean cup.

• Pour approximately 30 mL of room temperature water into the cup.

• Mix by gently swirling the tablet and water mixture for at least 10 seconds. The Plecanatide tablet will fall apart in the water.

• Swallow the entire contents of the tablet water mixture immediately.

• If any portion of the tablet is left in the cup, add another 30 mL of water to the cup, swirl for at least 10 seconds, and swallow immediately.

• Do not store the tablet-water mixture for later use.

Administration with Water via a Nasogastric or Gastric Feeding Tube:

• Place the Plecanatide tablet in a clean cup with 30 mL of room temperature water.

• Mix by gently swirling the tablet and water mixture for at least 15 seconds. The Plecanatide tablet will fall apart in the water.

• Flush the nasogastric or gastric feeding tube with 30 mL of water using a catheter tip syringe.

• Draw up the mixture using the syringe and immediately administer via the nasogastric or gastric feeding tube. Do not reserve for future use.

• If any portion of the tablet is left in the cup, add another 30 mL of water to the cup, swirl for at least 15 seconds, and using the same syringe, administer via the nasogastric or gastric feeding tube.

• Using the same or a fresh syringe, flush the nasogastric or gastric feeding tube with at least 10 mL of water.

Monitoring

• Improvement in signs or symptoms of chronic idiopathic constipation is indicative of efficacy.

IV Compatibility

There is limited information regarding the compatibility of Plecanatide and IV administrations.

Overdosage

There is limited information regarding Plecanatide overdosage. If you suspect drug poisoning or overdose, please contact the National Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) immediately.

Pharmacology

Mechanism of Action

• Plecanatide is a structural analog of human uroguanylin, and similarly to uroguanylin, Plecanatide functions as a guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) agonist. Both Plecanatide and its active metabolite bind to GC-C and act locally on the luminal surface of the intestinal epithelium. Activation of GC-C results in an increase in both intracellular and extracellular concentrations of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Elevation of extracellular cGMP has been associated with a decrease in the activity of pain-sensing nerves in animal models of visceral pain. Elevation of intracellular cGMP stimulates secretion of chloride and bicarbonate into the intestinal lumen, mainly through activation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) ion channel, resulting in increased intestinal fluid and accelerated transit. In animal models, Plecanatide has been shown to increase fluid secretion into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, accelerate intestinal transit, and cause changes in stool consistency.

• In an animal model of visceral pain, Plecanatide reduced abdominal muscle contractions, a measure of intestinal pain.

Structure

This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

Pharmacodynamics

Food Effect

• Subjects who received either a low-fat, low calorie (LF-LC) meal or a high fat, high calorie (HF-HC) meal reported looser stools than fasted subjects up to 24 hours after a single dose of Plecanatide 9 mg (3 times the recommended dose). In clinical studies, Plecanatide was administered with or without food.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption

• Plecanatide was minimally absorbed with negligible systemic availability following oral administration. Concentrations of Plecanatide and its active metabolite in plasma were below the limit of quantitation in the majority of analyzed plasma samples after an oral Plecanatide dose of 3 mg. Therefore, standard pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC, maximum concentration (Cmax), and half-life (t½) could not be calculated.

Food Effect

• In a crossover study, 24 healthy subjects were given a single dose of Plecanatide 9 mg (3 times the recommended dose) in 3 different states: fasted; following a low-fat, low-calorie meal (LF-LC; approximately 350 calories: 17% from fat, 66% from carbohydrate, and 17% from protein); and following a high-fat, high-calorie meal (HF-HC; approximately 1000 calories: 60% from fat, 25% from carbohydrate, and 15% from protein). Plecanatide was detected in 1 subject (fasted state) at 0.5 and 1 hour post dose. Plecanatide concentrations were below the limit of quantitation for all other time points and for all other subjects. The active metabolite was not detected in any subject.

Distribution

• Given that Plecanatide concentrations following clinically relevant oral doses were not measurable, Plecanatide is expected to be minimally distributed in tissues. Oral Plecanatide was localized to the GI tract where it exerted its effects as a GC-C agonist with negligible systemic exposure. Plecanatide exhibited little to no binding to human serum albumin or human α-1-acid glycoprotein.

Elimination

Metabolism

• Plecanatide was metabolized in the GI tract to an active metabolite by loss of the terminal leucine moiety. Both Plecanatide and the metabolite were proteolytically degraded within the intestinal lumen to smaller peptides and naturally occurring amino acids.

Excretion

• No excretion studies have been conducted in humans. Plecanatide and its active metabolite were not measurable in plasma following administration of the recommended clinical doses.

Drug Interaction Studies

• Neither Plecanatide nor its active metabolite inhibited the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes 2C9 and 3A4, and they did not induce CYP3A4 in vitro.

• Plecanatide and its active metabolite were neither substrates nor inhibitors of the transporters P-glycoprotein (P-gp) or breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in vitro.

Nonclinical Toxicology

Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility

Carcinogenesis

• The carcinogenic potential of Plecanatide was assessed in 2-year carcinogenicity studies in mice and rats. Plecanatide was not tumorigenic in mice at oral doses up to 90 mg/kg/day or in rats at oral doses up to 100 mg/kg/day. Limited systemic exposure to Plecanatide was achieved at the tested dose levels in animals, whereas no detectable exposure occurred in humans. Therefore, animal and human doses should not be compared directly for evaluating relative exposure.

Mutagenesis

• Plecanatide was not genotoxic in the in vitro bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assay, in vitro mouse lymphoma mutation assay, or the in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay.

Impairment of Fertility

• Plecanatide had no effect on fertility or reproductive function in male or female mice at oral doses of up to 600 mg/kg/day.

Clinical Studies

Chronic Idiopathic Constipation (CIC)

• The efficacy of Plecanatide for the management of symptoms of CIC was established in two 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multicenter clinical studies in adult patients (Study 1 and Study 2). In the Intention-to-Treat (ITT) population, a total of 905 patients (Study 1) and 870 patients (Study 2) were randomized 1:1 to either placebo or Plecanatide 3 mg, once daily. In clinical studies, study medication was administered without respect to food intake. Demographics for these studies included an overall mean age of 45 years (range 18 to 80 years), 80% female, 72% white, and 24% black.

• To be eligible for the studies, patients were required to meet modified Rome III criteria for at least 3 months prior to the screening visit, with symptom onset for at least 6 months prior to diagnosis. Rome III criteria were modified to require that patients report less than 3 defecations per week, rarely have a loose stool without the use of laxatives, not use manual maneuvers to facilitate defecations, and not meet criteria for IBS-C. In addition, patients were required to report at least two of the following symptoms:

• Straining during at least 25% of defecations.

• Lumpy or hard stool in at least 25% of defecations.

• Sensation of incomplete evacuations for at least 25% of defecations.

• Sensation of anorectal obstruction/blockage for at least 25% of defecations.

• Patients who met these criteria were also required to demonstrate the following during the last 2 weeks of the screening period:

• Less than 3 complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBMs) (a CSBM is an SBM that is associated with a sense of complete evacuation) in each of the two weeks.

• Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) of 6 or 7 in less than 25% of spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs) (an SBM is a bowel movement occurring in the absence of laxative use).

• One out of the following three:

• BSFS of 1 or 2 in at least 25% of defecations.

• A straining value recorded on at least 25% of days when a BM was reported.

• At least 25% of BMs result in a sense of incomplete evacuation.

• The efficacy of Plecanatide was assessed using a responder analysis and change-from-baseline in CSBM and SBM endpoints. Efficacy was assessed using information provided by patients on a daily basis in an electronic diary.

• A responder was defined as a patient who had at least 3 CSBMs in a given week and an increase of at least 1 CSBM from baseline in the same week for at least 9 weeks out of the 12 week treatment period and at least 3 of the last 4 weeks of the study. The responder rates are shown in Table 3.

This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

• In both studies, improvements in the frequency of CSBMs/week were seen as early as week 1 with improvement maintained through week 12. The difference between the Plecanatide group and the placebo group in the mean change of CSBMs/week frequency from baseline to week 12 was approximately 1.1 CSBMs/week.

• Over the 12 week treatment period, improvements were observed in stool frequency (number of CSBMs/week and SBMs/week) and/or stool consistency (as measured by the BSFS), and/or in the amount of straining with bowel movements (amount of time pushing or physical effort to pass stool) in the Plecanatide group as compared to placebo.

• Following completion of the study drug treatment period, patients continued to record data in the daily diary for a 2 week Post-Treatment Period. During this time, Plecanatide-treated patients generally returned to baseline for these study endpoints.

• In Studies 1 and 2, a third randomized treatment arm of Plecanatide 6 mg once daily did not demonstrate additional treatment benefit and had a greater incidence of adverse reactions than Plecanatide 3 mg once daily. Therefore, Plecanatide 6 mg once daily is not recommended.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation (IBS-C)

• The efficacy of Plecanatide for the management of symptoms of IBS-C was established in two 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multicenter clinical studies in adult patients (Study 3 and Study 4). In the Intention-to-Treat (ITT) population, a total of 699 patients (Study 3) and 754 patients (Study 4) received treatment with placebo or Plecanatide 3 mg once daily. In clinical studies, study medication was administered without respect to food intake. Demographics for these studies included an overall mean age of 44 years (range 18 to 83 years), 74% female, 73% white, and 22% black.

• To be eligible, patients were required to meet the Rome III criteria for IBS for at least 3 months prior to the screening visit, with symptom onset for at least 6 months prior to diagnosis. Diagnosis required recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort at least 3 days/month in the last 3 months associated with 2 or more of 1) improvement with defecation, 2) onset associated with a change in frequency of stool, and 3) onset associated with a change in form (appearance) of stool. Patients also met the IBS-C differentiation criteria for constipation, characterized by a stool pattern such that at least 25% of defecations are hard or lumpy stools and no more than 25% of defecations are loose or watery stool.

• Patients who met these criteria were excluded if they demonstrated the following during the last 2 weeks of the screening period:

• Worst abdominal pain intensity (WAPI) score of 0 on an 11-point scale for more than 2 days during each week.

• An average WAPI of less than 3 for either week.

• More than 3 complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBMs) or more than six spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs) per week in either week.

• Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) of 7 for any SBM recorded.

• More than 1 day in either week with a BSFS of 6 for any SBM recorded.

• No use of rescue laxative (bisacodyl) within 72 hours before randomization.

• The efficacy of Plecanatide was assessed using a responder analysis based on abdominal pain intensity and a stool frequency responder (CSBM) endpoint. Efficacy was assessed using information provided by patients on a daily basis through an electronic phone diary system.

• A responder was defined as a patient who met both the abdominal pain intensity and stool frequency responder criteria in the same week for at least 6 of the 12 treatment weeks. The abdominal pain intensity and stool frequency responder criteria assessed each week were defined as:

• Abdominal pain intensity responder: a patient who experienced a decrease in the weekly average of worst abdominal pain in the past 24 hours score (measured daily) of at least 30% compared with baseline weekly average.

• Stool frequency responder: a patient who experienced an increase of at least 1 CSBM per week from baseline.

• The responder rates are shown in Table 4.

This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

• In both studies, the proportion of responders who were also weekly responders for at least 2 of the 4 treatment weeks in month 3, the last month of treatment was greater in the Plecanatide groups compared to placebo.

• Over the 12 week treatment period, improvements were observed in both stool consistency (as measured by the BSFS) and in the amount of straining with bowel movements (amount of time pushing or physical effort to pass stool) in the 3 mg Plecanatide group as compared to placebo.

• Following completion of the study drug treatment period, patients continued to record data in the daily diary for a 2-week Post-Treatment Period. During this time, Plecanatide-treated patients generally returned to baseline for these study endpoints.

• In Studies 3 and 4, a third randomized treatment arm of Plecanatide 6 mg once daily did not demonstrate additional treatment benefit over the 3 mg dose. Therefore, Plecanatide 6 mg once daily is not recommended.

How Supplied

• Plecanatide tablets are packaged in an aluminum foil unit dose blister pack of 30 in a child-resistant pack or in a white, opaque, high-density polyethylene round bottle with a screw-top polypropylene child-resistant cap and heat-activated induction seal. Each bottle container-closure system also contains a desiccant and a polyester coil.

• Plecanatide 3 mg tablets are white to off-white, plain and round, debossed with "SP" on one side and "3" for 3 mg on the other side and supplied as:

This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

Storage

• Store at room temperature, 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15 to 30°C (59 to 86°F).

• Keep Plecanatide in a dry place. Protect from moisture. For bottles, keep Plecanatide in the original bottle. Do not remove desiccant from the bottle. Do not subdivide or repackage.

Images

Drug Images

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Package and Label Display Panel

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Patient Counseling Information

Diarrhea

• To stop Plecanatide and contact their healthcare provider if they experience severe diarrhea.

Accidental Ingestion

• Accidental ingestion of Plecanatide in children, especially in children less than 6 years of age, may result in severe diarrhea and dehydration. Instruct patients to take steps to store Plecanatide securely and out of reach of children and to dispose of unused Plecanatide.

Administration and Handling Instructions

• To take Plecanatide once daily with or without food.

• If a dose is missed, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at the regular time. Do not take two doses at the same time.

• To swallow Plecanatide tablets whole.

• If adult patients have swallowing difficulties, Plecanatide tablets can be crushed and administered orally in either applesauce or with water, or administered with water via a nasogastric or gastric feeding tube, as described in the Medication Guide.

• To keep Plecanatide in a dry place. Protect from moisture. For bottles, keep Plecanatide in the original bottle. Do not remove desiccant from the bottle. Do not subdivide or repackage. Remove and discard polyester coil after opening. Keep bottles closed tightly.

This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

Precautions with Alcohol

Alcohol-Plecanatide interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor regarding the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

Brand Names

• Trulance

Look-Alike Drug Names

There is limited information regarding Plecanatide Look-Alike Drug Names in the drug label.

Drug Shortage Status

Drug Shortage

Price

References

The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.