This gene is a member of the Ras association domain family. It functions as a tumor suppressor, and is inactivated in a variety of cancers. The encoded protein localizes to centrosomes and microtubules, and associates with the GTP-activated forms of Ras, Rap1, and several other Ras-like small GTPases. The protein regulates lymphocyte adhesion and suppresses cell growth in response to activated Rap1 or Ras. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[3]
↑Yao R, Wang Y, You M (Apr 2002). "Chromosome mapping and sequence variation of the murine Ras effector gene Nore1". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 95 (1–2): 126–8. doi:10.1159/000057035. PMID11978988.
↑Tommasi S, Dammann R, Jin SG, Zhang XF, Avruch J, Pfeifer GP (Apr 2002). "RASSF3 and NORE1: identification and cloning of two human homologues of the putative tumor suppressor gene RASSF1". Oncogene. 21 (17): 2713–20. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205365. PMID11965544.
↑ 4.04.14.24.3Ortiz-Vega S, Khokhlatchev A, Nedwidek M, Zhang XF, Dammann R, Pfeifer GP, Avruch J (Feb 2002). "The putative tumor suppressor RASSF1A homodimerizes and heterodimerizes with the Ras-GTP binding protein Nore1". Oncogene. 21 (9): 1381–90. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205192. PMID11857081.
Further reading
Kumari G, Singhal PK, Suryaraja R, Mahalingam S (Mar 2010). "Functional interaction of the Ras effector RASSF5 with the tyrosine kinase Lck: critical role in nucleocytoplasmic transport and cell cycle regulation". Journal of Molecular Biology. 397 (1): 89–109. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2010.01.005. PMID20064523.
Vavvas D, Li X, Avruch J, Zhang XF (Mar 1998). "Identification of Nore1 as a potential Ras effector". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (10): 5439–42. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.10.5439. PMID9488663.
Ortiz-Vega S, Khokhlatchev A, Nedwidek M, Zhang XF, Dammann R, Pfeifer GP, Avruch J (Feb 2002). "The putative tumor suppressor RASSF1A homodimerizes and heterodimerizes with the Ras-GTP binding protein Nore1". Oncogene. 21 (9): 1381–90. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205192. PMID11857081.
Khokhlatchev A, Rabizadeh S, Xavier R, Nedwidek M, Chen T, Zhang XF, Seed B, Avruch J (Feb 2002). "Identification of a novel Ras-regulated proapoptotic pathway". Current Biology. 12 (4): 253–65. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00683-8. PMID11864565.
Vos MD, Martinez A, Ellis CA, Vallecorsa T, Clark GJ (Jun 2003). "The pro-apoptotic Ras effector Nore1 may serve as a Ras-regulated tumor suppressor in the lung". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (24): 21938–43. doi:10.1074/jbc.M211019200. PMID12676952.
Katagiri K, Maeda A, Shimonaka M, Kinashi T (Aug 2003). "RAPL, a Rap1-binding molecule that mediates Rap1-induced adhesion through spatial regulation of LFA-1". Nature Immunology. 4 (8): 741–8. doi:10.1038/ni950. PMID12845325.
Chen J, Lui WO, Vos MD, Clark GJ, Takahashi M, Schoumans J, Khoo SK, Petillo D, Lavery T, Sugimura J, Astuti D, Zhang C, Kagawa S, Maher ER, Larsson C, Alberts AS, Kanayama HO, Teh BT (Nov 2003). "The t(1;3) breakpoint-spanning genes LSAMP and NORE1 are involved in clear cell renal cell carcinomas". Cancer Cell. 4 (5): 405–13. doi:10.1016/S1535-6108(03)00269-1. PMID14667507.
Irimia M, Fraga MF, Sanchez-Cespedes M, Esteller M (Nov 2004). "CpG island promoter hypermethylation of the Ras-effector gene NORE1A occurs in the context of a wild-type K-ras in lung cancer". Oncogene. 23 (53): 8695–9. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207914. PMID15378027.
Fujita H, Fukuhara S, Sakurai A, Yamagishi A, Kamioka Y, Nakaoka Y, Masuda M, Mochizuki N (Feb 2005). "Local activation of Rap1 contributes to directional vascular endothelial cell migration accompanied by extension of microtubules on which RAPL, a Rap1-associating molecule, localizes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (6): 5022–31. doi:10.1074/jbc.M409701200. PMID15569673.
Nakamura N, Carney JA, Jin L, Kajita S, Pallares J, Zhang H, Qian X, Sebo TJ, Erickson LA, Lloyd RV (Sep 2005). "RASSF1A and NORE1A methylation and BRAFV600E mutations in thyroid tumors". Laboratory Investigation. 85 (9): 1065–75. doi:10.1038/labinvest.3700306. PMID15980887.
Foukakis T, Au AY, Wallin G, Geli J, Forsberg L, Clifton-Bligh R, Robinson BG, Lui WO, Zedenius J, Larsson C (Mar 2006). "The Ras effector NORE1A is suppressed in follicular thyroid carcinomas with a PAX8-PPARgamma fusion". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 91 (3): 1143–9. doi:10.1210/jc.2005-1372. PMID16352687.
Moshnikova A, Frye J, Shay JW, Minna JD, Khokhlatchev AV (Mar 2006). "The growth and tumor suppressor NORE1A is a cytoskeletal protein that suppresses growth by inhibition of the ERK pathway". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281 (12): 8143–52. doi:10.1074/jbc.M511837200. PMID16421102.
Macheiner D, Heller G, Kappel S, Bichler C, Stättner S, Ziegler B, Kandioler D, Wrba F, Schulte-Hermann R, Zöchbauer-Müller S, Grasl-Kraupp B (Jul 2006). "NORE1B, a candidate tumor suppressor, is epigenetically silenced in human hepatocellular carcinoma". Journal of Hepatology. 45 (1): 81–9. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2005.12.017. PMID16516329.