E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF128 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNF128gene.[1]
The protein encoded by this gene is a type I transmembrane protein that localizes to the endocytic pathway. This protein contains a RING zinc-finger motif and has been shown to possess E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Expression of this gene in retrovirallytransduced T cell hybridoma significantly inhibits activation-induced IL2 and IL4 cytokine production. Induced expression of this gene was observed in anergic CD4(+) T cells, which suggested a role in the induction of anergic phenotype. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.[1]
↑Soares, Luis; Seroogy Christine; Skrenta Heidi; Anandasabapathy Niroshana; Lovelace Patricia; Chung Chan D; Engleman Edgar; Fathman C Garrison (Jan 2004). "Two isoforms of otubain 1 regulate T cell anergy via GRAIL". Nat. Immunol. United States. 5 (1): 45–54. doi:10.1038/ni1017. ISSN1529-2908. PMID14661020.
Further reading
Kostianovsky AM, Maier LM, Baecher-Allan C, et al. (2007). "Up-regulation of gene related to anergy in lymphocytes is associated with Notch-mediated human T cell suppression". J. Immunol. 178 (10): 6158–63. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.178.10.6158. PMID17475842.
MacKenzie DA, Schartner J, Lin J, et al. (2007). "GRAIL is up-regulated in CD4+ CD25+ T regulatory cells and is sufficient for conversion of T cells to a regulatory phenotype". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (13): 9696–702. doi:10.1074/jbc.M604192200. PMID17259178.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID14702039.
Soares L, Seroogy C, Skrenta H, et al. (2004). "Two isoforms of otubain 1 regulate T cell anergy via GRAIL". Nat. Immunol. 5 (1): 45–54. doi:10.1038/ni1017. PMID14661020.
Anandasabapathy N, Ford GS, Bloom D, et al. (2003). "GRAIL: an E3 ubiquitin ligase that inhibits cytokine gene transcription is expressed in anergic CD4+ T cells". Immunity. 18 (4): 535–47. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(03)00084-0. PMID12705856.