Sandbox: Solitary pulmonary nodule causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2] Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

Causes of pulmonary nodule may be classified into 5 categories: infectious, neoplastic, inflammatory, immunological, vascular, and miscellaneous. Common causes of solitary pulmonary nodule, include: tuberculosis, primary lung cancer, granulomas, and rheumatic disease.[1]

Causes

Common Causes

Common malignant causes of pulmonary nodule include:[2]

  • Primary lung cancer

Common benign causes of pulmonary nodule include:[1]

Inflammatory

Immunological

Vascular

Miscellaneous

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Arteriovenous malformation, Infarction zone, Pulmonary arterio-venous malformation, Pulmonary embolism, Pulmonary infarction, Varicose pulmonary vein, Vascular
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Thyroid cancer
Environmental Black lung disease
Gastroenterologic Gastric cancer
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic Aneurysm of the pulmonary artery, Hemangioma, Hematoma, Non-hodgkin lymphoma, Pulmonary hamartoma
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Adiaspiromycosis, Aspergilloma, Aspergillosis, Berylliosis, Blastomycosis, Bronchogenic carcinoma, Bronchogenic cyst, Coccidioidomycosis, Cryptococcosis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Dirofilariasis, Echinococcus granulosus, Endometriosis, Fungal infection, Histoplasmosis, Hydatid cyst, Hystiocytosis x, Lipoid pneumonia, Lung abscess, Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Nocardial infection, Nocardiosis, Parasite infection, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, Pneumonia, Pulmonary abscess, Round pneumonia, Tuberculosis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic Multiple myeloma
Neurologic Aneurysm of the pulmonary artery, Arteriovenous malformation, Neurofibroma, Neurogenic tumor
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic Breast cancer
Oncologic Adenocarcinoma , Blastoma, Bronchial adenoma, Cancers, Carcinoid tumor, Chondroma, Fibroma, Gastric cancer, Granuloma, Hamartoma, Hamartomatosis, Hemangioma, Hypernephroma, Large cell lung carcinoma, Lung metastases, Lymphoma, Metastasis, Multiple myeloma, Neurofibroma, Neurogenic tumor, Non-hodgkin lymphoma, Non-small cell lung cancer, Primary lung cancer, Prostate cancer, Pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor, Pulmonary sarcoma, Pulmonary sequestration, Sarcoma, Seminoma, Small cell lung cancer, Solitary metastasis, Squamous cell carcinoma, Thyroid cancer
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Black lung disease, Bronchial adenoma, Bronchial atresia, Bronchogenic carcinoma, Bronchogenic cyst, Churg-strauss syndrome, Hydatid cyst, Large cell lung carcinoma, Lipoid pneumonia, Localized scar, Localized pleural effusion, Lung abscess, Lung cavity, Lung metastases, Mucoid impaction, Non-small cell lung cancer, Pleural plaque, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, Pneumonia, Primary lung cancer, Pulmonary abscess, Pulmonary arterio-venous malformation, Pulmonary embolism, Pulmonary hamartoma, Pulmonary infarction, Pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor, Pulmonary sarcoma, Pulmonary sequestration, Round pneumonia, Rounded atelectasis, Sarcoidosis, Sequestration, Small cell lung cancer, Squamous cell carcinoma, Tuberculosis, Varicose pulmonary vein, Wegener's granulomatosis
Renal/Electrolyte Hypernephroma
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Amyloidosis, Churg-strauss syndrome, Fibroma, Granuloma, Immunological, Progressive massive fibrosis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Rheumatoid disease, Rheumatoid nodule, Sarcoidosis, Wegener's granulomatosis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Foreign body, Localized scar, Lung cavity, Rounded atelectasis
Urologic Prostate cancer
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lillington GA (1991). "Management of solitary pulmonary nodules". Dis Mon. 37 (5): 271–318. PMID 2019220.
  2. ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002: 306-307 ISBN 1591032016

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