Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Trusha Tank, M.D.[2]
Overview
The majority of patients with sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung remain are initially asymptomatic. Early clinical features include chronic cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, weight loss, and fatigue. If left untreated, patients with sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung may develop local invasion and distant metastasis. Majority of the patients with central sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung may develop distant metastasis to esophagus, jejunum, rectum, and kidney. Sarcomatoid carcinoma of lung located in the periphery of lungs tends to be diagnosed later in the advanced stages with the large size and metastasis to the pleura and chest wall. Common complications include respiratory failure, recurrent pneumonia, and distant metastasis. Prognosis is generally poor. The 3-year and 5-year survival rates are 35.8 and 28.7%.
Natural History
The majority of patients with non-small cell lung cancer are initially asymptomatic.[1]
- The majority of patients with sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung remain are initially asymptomatic.
- Early clinical features include chronic cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, weight loss and fatigue.[2][3]
- If left untreated, patients with sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung may develop local invasion and distant metastasis.
- The majority of patients with central sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung may develop distant metastasis to esophagus, jejunum, rectum, and kidney.
- Sarcomatoid carcinoma of lung located in the periphery of lungs tends to be diagnosed later in the advanced stages with the large size and metastasis to the pleura and chest wall.
Complications
Common complications of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung, include:[1]
- Acute respiratory failure
- Respiratory acidosis
- Malignant pleural effusion
- Metastases
- Recurrent pneumonia
Prognosis
Prognosis of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung depends on the origin of the tumor, histological type, and stage.[1]
- Prognosis of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung is generally poor.
- The 3-year and 5-year survival rates for patients with sarcomatoid cancer of lung are 35.8 and 28.7%.[4]
- Non-small cell lung cancer survival rate ranges from 1% to 52% (stage I to stage IV).
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Soares M, Darmon M, Salluh JI, Ferreira CG, Thiéry G, Schlemmer B, Spector N, Azoulay E (2007). "Prognosis of lung cancer patients with life-threatening complications". Chest. 131 (3): 840–6. doi:10.1378/chest.06-2244. PMID 17356101.
- ↑ Travis WD; Brambilla E; Müller-Hermelink K; Harris C; Kleihues C; Sobin P. https://www.iarc.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/BB10.pdf
|chapterurl=missing title (help) (PDF). World Health Organization Classification of Tumours; Pathology and genetics of tumors of the lung, pleura, thymus, and heart. IARC Press. pp. 53–58. ISBN ISBN 92 832 2418 3 Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help). - ↑ Travis WD; Brambilla E; Müller-Hermelink K; Harris C; Kleihues C; Sobin P. https://www.iarc.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/BB10.pdf
|chapterurl=missing title (help) (PDF). World Health Organization Classification of Tumours; Pathology and genetics of tumors of the lung, pleura, thymus, and heart. IARC Press. pp. 53–58. ISBN ISBN 92 832 2418 3 Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help). - ↑ Roesel, Christian; Terjung, Sarah; Weinreich, Gerhard; Hager, Thomas; Chalvatzoulis, Eleftherios; Metzenmacher, Martin; Welter, Stefan (2016). "Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung: a rare histological subtype of non-small cell lung cancer with a poor prognosis even at earlier tumour stages". Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery: ivw392. doi:10.1093/icvts/ivw392. ISSN 1569-9293.