Scleral buckle
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
A scleral buckle is one of several ophthalmologic procedures that can be used to repair a retinal detachment. Retinal detachments are usually caused by retinal tears, and a scleral buckle can be used to close the retinal break.
Scleral buckles come in many shapes and sizes. An encircling band is a thin silicone band sewn around the circumference of the sclera of the eye. Buckles are often placed under a band to create a dimple on the eye wall.
The scleral buckle is secured around the eyeball under the conjunctiva. This moves the wall of the eye closer to the detached retina. It also may move the retina closer to the vitreous. This alteration in the relationships of the tissues seems to allow the fluid which has formed under the retina to be pumped out, and the retina to re-attach. No-one really understands the physics or physiology of this process.
Retinal detachment surgery usually also involves the use of cryotherapy or laser photocoagulation. The laser or cryotherapy forms a permanent adhesion around the retinal break and prevent further accumulation of fluid and re-detachment.
Scleral buckles are done using local or general anesthesia and are often done as outpatient procedures. In some cases, the buckles can be removed after the retina heals.
A recent study found that the encircling band used in the repair of retinal detachments may elongate the eye and considerably increase myopia [2].