Spinal stenosis history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]
Overview
A positive history of trauma, osteoporosis, obesity, congenital defects, Paget's disease, achondroplasia and cigarette smoking is suggestive of spinal stenosis. Most patients with spinal stenosis present with lower extremity pain relieved spinal flexion (e.g sitting, cycling). The pain of spinal stenosis is usually associated with activity and walking, as lumbar extension during activity worsens the narrowing of the spinal canal. Other common symptoms of spinal stenosis include: Numbness or tingling in a hand, arm, foot or leg, weakness in a foot or leg, back pain, weakness in a hand, arm, foot or leg, problems with walking and balance and in severe cases, bowel or bladder dysfunction.
History and Symptoms
- A positive history of trauma, osteoporosis, obesity, congenital defects, Paget's disease, achondroplasia and cigarette smoking is suggestive of spinal stenosis.
- The most common symptoms of spinal stenosis include lower extremity pain relieved spinal flexion (e.g sitting, cycling).
History
Patients with [disease name]] may have a positive history of:
- Osteoporosis[1]
- Obesity[2]
- Cigarette smoking[3]
- Trauma[4]
- Congenital defects[5]
- Paget's disease[6]
- Achondroplasia[7]
Common Symptoms
Most patients with spinal stenosis present with lower extremity pain relieved spinal flexion (e.g sitting, cycling).[8][9][10]
The pain of spinal stenosis is usually associated with activity and walking, as lumbar extension during activity worsens the narrowing of the spinal canal. [8][9][10]
- Other common symptoms of spinal stenosis include:
| Type of spinal
involvement |
Symptoms |
|---|---|
| Cervical | Headache
Loss of sensation over the upper extremities Motor weakness of neck, shoulder, and arm |
| Thoracic | Pain in the chest and/or back
Loss of sensation below the level of the compression Paralysis of respiratory muscles |
| Lumbosacral | Low back pain that may radiate down the legs
Weakness in the legs and feet
Bladder and bowel problems Sexual dysfunction Foot drop Decreased or absent reflexes in the legs |
References
- ↑ Lee BH, Moon SH, Kim HJ, Lee HM, Kim TH (2012). "Osteoporotic profiles in elderly patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal canal stenosis". Indian J Orthop. 46 (3): 279–84. doi:10.4103/0019-5413.96379. PMC 3377137. PMID 22719113.
- ↑ Knutsson B, Sandén B, Sjödén G, Järvholm B, Michaëlsson K (2015). "Body Mass Index and Risk for Clinical Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Cohort Study". Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 40 (18): 1451–6. doi:10.1097/BRS.0000000000001038. PMID 26165225.
- ↑ Jackson KL, Devine JG (2016). "The Effects of Smoking and Smoking Cessation on Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review of the Literature". Global Spine J. 6 (7): 695–701. doi:10.1055/s-0036-1571285. PMC 5077710. PMID 27781190.
- ↑ Chang V, Ellingson BM, Salamon N, Holly LT (2015). "The Risk of Acute Spinal Cord Injury After Minor Trauma in Patients With Preexisting Cervical Stenosis". Neurosurgery. 77 (4): 561–5, discussion 565. doi:10.1227/NEU.0000000000000888. PMC 4575254. PMID 26191975.
- ↑ Battié MC, Ortega-Alonso A, Niemelainen R, Gill K, Levalahti E, Videman T; et al. (2014). "Lumbar spinal stenosis is a highly genetic condition partly mediated by disc degeneration". Arthritis Rheumatol. 66 (12): 3505–10. doi:10.1002/art.38823. PMC 4308556. PMID 25155712.
- ↑ Weisz GM (1983). "Lumbar spinal canal stenosis in Paget's disease". Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 8 (2): 192–8. PMID 6857391.
- ↑ Nelson MA (1972). "Spinal stenosis in achondroplasia". Proc R Soc Med. 65 (11): 1028–9. PMC 1644724. PMID 4264583.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Genevay S, Atlas SJ (2010). "Lumbar spinal stenosis". Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 24 (2): 253–65. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2009.11.001. PMC 2841052. PMID 20227646.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Ammendolia C (2014). "Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis and its imposters: three case studies". J Can Chiropr Assoc. 58 (3): 312–9. PMC 4139768. PMID 25202160.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Babb A, Carlson WO (2006). "Spinal stenosis". S D Med. 59 (3): 103–5. PMID 16566302.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Guigui P, Delecourt C, Delhoume J, Lassale B, Deburge A (1997). "[Severe motor weakness associated with lumbar spinal stenosis. A retrospective study of a series of 61 patients]". Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot. 83 (7): 622–8. PMID 9515130.
- ↑ Iversen MD, Kale MK, Sullivan JT (2009). "Pilot case control study of postural sway and balance performance in aging adults with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis". J Geriatr Phys Ther. 32 (1): 15–21. PMID 19856631.
- ↑ Foster OJ, Harrison MJ, Crockard HA (1987). "Exercise provoked faecal incontinence in spinal stenosis". J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 50 (3): 362–3. PMC 1031810. PMID 3559621.
- ↑ De Riggo J, Benčo M, Kolarovszki B, Lupták J, Svihra J (2011). "[Urinary incontinence in degenerative spinal disease]". Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 78 (1): 67–70. PMID 21375969.
- ↑ Truszczyńska-Baszak A, Wysocka E, Starzec M, Drzał-Grabiec J, Tarnowski A (2018). "Urinary incontinence due to lumbar spinal stenosis causing disability and lowering quality of life". J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. doi:10.3233/BMR-170976. PMID 29578476.