Suppurative thrombophlebitis natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Maliha Shakil, M.D. [2]
Overview
If left untreated, suppurative thrombophlebitis may metastasize to different organs. Untreated suppurative thrombophlebitis is associated with a high mortality rate.[1]. The most common complication of suppurative thrombophlebitis is metastatic septic foci spreading to different organs of the body. Common complications of suppurative thrombophlebitis are septic shock, sustained sepsis, infective endocarditis, septic emboli to the central nervous system, and septic pulmonary emboli. Septic thrombophlebitis of the intracranial dural sinuses has a very high mortality rate, compared to pelvic and jugular thrombophlebitis. Lemierre syndrome has a documented mortality rate of 6.4%.[2]
Natural History
If left untreated, suppurative thrombophlebitis may metastasize to different organs. Untreated suppurative thrombophlebitis is associated with a high mortality rate.[1]
Complications
The most common complication of suppurative thrombophlebitis is metastatic septic foci spreading to different organs of the body. Common complications of suppurative thrombophlebitis include:[3]
- Septic shock
- Sustained sepsis
- Infective endocarditis
- Septic emboli to the central nervous system
- Septic pulmonary emboli
- Osteomyelitis
- Septic arthritis
- Arteritis
- Intracranial abscess
- Meningitis
Complications of suppurative thrombophlebitis occur in one third of all patients with catheter-associated peripheral septic phlebitis, with the most severe complications caused by Staphylococcus aureus.[4]
Prognosis
Septic thrombophlebitis of the intracranial dural sinuses has a very high mortality rate, compared to pelvic and jugular thrombophlebitis. Lemierre syndrome has a mortality rate of 6.4%.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Chirinos JA, Garcia J, Alcaide ML, Toledo G, Baracco GJ, Lichtstein DM (2006). "Septic thrombophlebitis: diagnosis and management". Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 6 (1): 9–14. PMID 16489845. Unknown parameter
|http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=ignored (help) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Chirinos JA, Lichtstein DM, Garcia J, Tamariz LJ (2002). "The evolution of Lemierre syndrome: report of 2 cases and review of the literature". Medicine (Baltimore). 81 (6): 458–65. PMID 12441902. Unknown parameter
|http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=ignored (help) - ↑ Lemierre Syndrome. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemierre%27s_syndrome#Pathophysiology Accessed on October 19, 2015
- ↑ Arnow PM, Quimosing EM, Beach M (1993). "Consequences of intravascular catheter sepsis". Clin Infect Dis. 16 (6): 778–84. PMID 8329510.