TGFB1

Transforming growth factor, beta 1, also known as TGFB1, is a human gene.

Transforming growth factor, beta 1
File:PBB Protein TGFB1 image.jpg PDB rendering based on 1kla.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1kla​, 1klc​, 1kld​
Identifiers
Symbols	TGFB1 ; CED; DPD1; TGFB
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 540
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
File:PBB GE TGFB1 203085 s at.png
File:PBB GE TGFB1 203084 at.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

TGFB is a multifunctional peptide that controls proliferation, differentiation, and other functions in many cell types. TGFB acts synergistically with TGFA (MIM 190170) in inducing transformation. It also acts as a negative autocrine growth factor. Dysregulation of TGFB activation and signaling may result in apoptosis. Many cells synthesize TGFB and almost all of them have specific receptors for this peptide. TGFB1, TGFB2 (MIM 190220), and TGFB3 (MIM 190230) all function through the same receptor signaling systems.[supplied by OMIM]

Further reading

• Border WA, Noble NA (1994). "Transforming growth factor beta in tissue fibrosis". N. Engl. J. Med. 331 (19): 1286–92. PMID 7935686.
• Munger JS, Harpel JG, Gleizes PE; et al. (1997). "Latent transforming growth factor-beta: structural features and mechanisms of activation". Kidney Int. 51 (5): 1376–82. PMID 9150447.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Iozzo RV (1999). "The biology of the small leucine-rich proteoglycans. Functional network of interactive proteins". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (27): 18843–6. PMID 10383378.
• Reinhold D, Wrenger S, Kähne T, Ansorge S (1999). "HIV-1 Tat: immunosuppression via TGF-beta1 induction". Immunol. Today. 20 (8): 384–5. PMID 10431160.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Yamada Y (2002). "Association of polymorphisms of the transforming growth factor-beta1 gene with genetic susceptibility to osteoporosis". Pharmacogenetics. 11 (9): 765–71. PMID 11740340.
• Chen W, Wahl SM (2002). "TGF-beta: receptors, signaling pathways and autoimmunity". Curr. Dir. Autoimmun. 5: 62–91. PMID 11826761.
• Marone M, Bonanno G, Rutella S; et al. (2003). "Survival and cell cycle control in early hematopoiesis: role of bcl-2, and the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors P27 and P21". Leuk. Lymphoma. 43 (1): 51–7. PMID 11908736.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Schnaper HW, Hayashida T, Hubchak SC, Poncelet AC (2003). "TGF-beta signal transduction and mesangial cell fibrogenesis". Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 284 (2): F243–52. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00300.2002. PMID 12529270.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kalluri R, Neilson EG (2004). "Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and its implications for fibrosis". J. Clin. Invest. 112 (12): 1776–84. doi:10.1172/JCI200320530. PMID 14679171.
• Grainger DJ (2005). "Transforming growth factor beta and atherosclerosis: so far, so good for the protective cytokine hypothesis". Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 24 (3): 399–404. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000114567.76772.33. PMID 14699019.
• Attisano L, Labbé E (2004). "TGFbeta and Wnt pathway cross-talk". Cancer Metastasis Rev. 23 (1–2): 53–61. PMID 15000149.
• McGowan TA, Zhu Y, Sharma K (2005). "Transforming growth factor-beta: a clinical target for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy". Curr. Diab. Rep. 4 (6): 447–54. PMID 15539010.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Sheppard D (2006). "Integrin-mediated activation of latent transforming growth factor beta". Cancer Metastasis Rev. 24 (3): 395–402. doi:10.1007/s10555-005-5131-6. PMID 16258727.
• Gressner AM, Weiskirchen R (2006). "Modern pathogenetic concepts of liver fibrosis suggest stellate cells and TGF-beta as major players and therapeutic targets". J. Cell. Mol. Med. 10 (1): 76–99. PMID 16563223.
• Seoane J (2006). "Escaping from the TGFbeta anti-proliferative control". Carcinogenesis. 27 (11): 2148–56. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgl068. PMID 16698802.
• Lee CG, Kang HR, Homer RJ; et al. (2006). "Transgenic modeling of transforming growth factor-beta(1): role of apoptosis in fibrosis and alveolar remodeling". Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society. 3 (5): 418–23. doi:10.1513/pats.200602-017AW. PMID 16799085.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Wahl SM (2007). "Transforming growth factor-beta: innately bipolar". Curr. Opin. Immunol. 19 (1): 55–62. doi:10.1016/j.coi.2006.11.008. PMID 17137775.
• Redondo S, Santos-Gallego CG, Tejerina T (2007). "TGF-beta1: a novel target for cardiovascular pharmacology". Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 18 (3–4): 279–86. doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2007.04.005. PMID 17485238.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)