Tricuspid stenosis natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Salih, M.D. Syed Musadiq Ali M.B.B.S.[2] Fatimo Biobaku M.B.B.S [3]
Overview
The natural course of tricuspid stenosis (TS ) is not well defined and it is extremely rare for TS to occur in isolation. The most common cause of TS is rheumatic heart disease and it is usually associated with coexisting mitral valve and/or aortic valve abnormality. TS of rheumatic etiology usually occurs with tricuspid regurgitation. Tricuspid stenosis takes years to develop, with some exceptions such as congenital causes. Complications of tricuspid stenosis include heart failure, liver failure, and stroke.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
- After several years, the right atrium can become enlarged because blood flow through the narrow tricuspid valve opening is partially blocked.[1][2][3]
- An enlarged atrium can affect the pressure and blood flow in the nearby chambers and veins.
- It can also cause the right ventricle to shrink because the amount of blood entering from the right atrium is reduced.
- Eventually, less blood circulates through the lungs to get oxygen.[4]
- Bioprosthetic tricuspid valve stenosis is not uncommon after 8 years.
- Tricuspid valve replacement performed at the second surgery was associated with a higher incidence of bioprosthetic tricuspid valve stenosis.[5]
Complication
The following complications may occur from tricuspid stenosis:[2][3][6]
- Right atrial enlargement
- Atrial fibrillation
- Heart failure
- Infective endocarditis
- Cerebrovascular accident
- Liver failure
Prognosis
- Depending on the cause of the tricuspid valve stenosis at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as good if tricuspid valve stenosis is mild.[7]
- Severe cases of tricuspid valve stenosis requires surgery.
- With medical intervention, severe tricuspid stenosis appears well tolerated over several years of follow-up.[2]
References
- ↑ Crousillat DR, Wood MJ (January 2019). "Valvular Heart Disease and Heart Failure in Women". Heart Fail Clin. 15 (1): 77–85. doi:10.1016/j.hfc.2018.08.008. PMID 30449382.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Roguin A, Rinkevich D, Milo S, Markiewicz W, Reisner SA (1998). "Long-term follow-up of patients with severe rheumatic tricuspid stenosis". Am Heart J. 136 (1): 103–8. PMID 9665226 Check
|pmid=value (help). zero width space character in|pmid=at position 8 (help) - ↑ 3.0 3.1 Diaof M, Ba SA, Kane A, Sarr M, Diop IB, Diouf SM (2004). "[Tricuspid valve stenosis. A prospective study of 35 cases]". Dakar Med. 49 (2): 96–100. PMID 15786615.
- ↑ Aksu U, Topcu S (August 2015). "Giant right atrium due to rheumatic tricuspid valve stenosis". Int. J. Cardiol. 193: 47–8. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.049. PMID 26005174.
- ↑ Hirata K, Tengan T, Wake M, Takahashi T, Ishimine T, Yasumoto H, Nakasu A, Mototake H (September 2019). "Bioprosthetic tricuspid valve stenosis: a case series". Eur Heart J Case Rep. 3 (3). doi:10.1093/ehjcr/ytz110. PMC 6764547 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 31367735. - ↑ Hadjigeorge C, Papadopoulos A, Gialafos J, Georgiou V, Avgoustakis D (1976). "The contribution of right ventricular angiocardiography to the diagnosis of tricuspid valvular stenosis (Observations made on 3 patients)". Acta Cardiol. 31 (3): 201–8. PMID 1088029.
- ↑ "StatPearls". 2020. PMID 29763166.