Umbilical hernia natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hamid Qazi, MD, BSc [2]

Overview

Umbilical hernias are usually asymptomatic and resolve on their own. Common complications of umbilical hernia include strangulation, incarceration, skin color changes, and ascites.

Natural History

The natural history, complications, and prognosis of umbilical hernia are as follows:

• Umbilical hernias are usually asymptomatic.
• Resolve on their own
• If umbilical hernia become incarcerated then the following symptoms develop in any decade of life:
  • Bilious emesis
  • Tenderness
  • Hard protruding mass
  • Thinning of the overlying skin
  • Ascites

Complications

• Common complications of umbilical hernia include:
  • Strangulation
  • Thinning of the overlying skin
  • Uncontrollable ascites
  • Incarceration

Prognosis

• Prognosis is generally excellent for patients with umbilical hernia.