VIPoma (patient information)
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Assosciate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Prashanth Saddala M.B.B.S Homa Najafi, M.D.[2]
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VIPoma |
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VIPoma On the Web |
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For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here.
Overview
VIPoma is a very rare type of cancer that usually grows from cells in the pancreas called islet cells.
What are the symptoms of VIPoma ?
- Abdominal pain and cramping
- Diarrhea (watery, and often in large amounts)
- Flushing or redness of the face
- Nausea
- Weight loss
What causes VIPoma ?
VIPoma causes cells in the pancreas to produce high levels of a hormone called vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). This hormone increases secretions from the intestines and relaxes some of the smooth muscles in the GI system.
The cause is not known.
Who is at highest risk?
VIPomas are usually diagnosed in adults, most commonly at age 50. Women are more likely to be affected than men. This cancer is rare, affecting an estimated 1 in 10 million people per year.
Diagnosis
Signs may include:
- Dehydration
- High volume of diarrhea (even without eating)
- Low stomach acid (achlorhydria)
- Low blood potassium hypokalemia, which can cause leg cramps
Tests include:
- Blood chemistry tests (basic or comprehensive metabolic panel)
- CT scan of the abdomen
- MRI of the abdomen
- Stool examination for cause of diarrhea and electrolyte levels
- Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) level in the blood
When to seek urgent medical care?
Call your health care provider if:
Treatment options
- The first goal of treatment is to correct dehydration.
- Fluids are often given through a vein (intravenous fluids) to replace fluids lost in diarrhea.
- The next goal is to slow the diarrhea.
- Some medications can help control diarrhea.
- Octreotide, which is a human-made form of a natural hormone, blocks the action of VIP.
- The best chance for a cure is surgery to remove the tumor. If the tumor has not spread to other organs, surgery can often cure the condition.
Where to find medical care for VIPoma ?
Medical care for VIPoma can be found here.
Prevention of VIPoma
There are no established preventive measures for VIPoma
What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
Surgery can usually cure VIPomas. However, in one-third to one-half of patients, the tumor has spread by the time of diagnosis and cannot be cured.
Possible complications
- Cancer spread (metastasis)
- Cardiac arrest from low blood potassium level
- Dehydration