Ebola classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Guillermo Rodriguez Nava, M.D. [2]; João André Alves Silva, M.D. [3]

Overview

Ebola virus can be classified into 5 subtypes: Zaïre, Sudan, Reston, Tai (Ivory Coast) and Bundibugyo, according to the place of discovery.

Classification

The table below summarizes the ebola virus strains identified until now:

Ebola Virus Strain Place of Discovery Date Identified
Sudan ebolavirus Nzara and Maridi, Sudan Between June and November 1976
Zaire ebolavirus Yambuku, Democratic Republic of the Congo Between August and November 1976
Reston ebolavirus Reston, Virginia, US. November 1989
Ivory Coast ebolavirus Tai Forest, Ivory Coast. November 1994
Bundibugyo ebolavirus Bundibugyo District, Uganda November 2007
Zaïre Ebolavirus
  • It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, or the Republic of the Congo.
  • It has a genome with two or three gene overlaps (VP35/VP40, GP/VP30, VP24/L).
  • It has a genomic sequence that differs from the virus type by less than 30%.
Sudan Ebolavirus
  • It is endemic in Sudan and/or Uganda.
  • It has a genome with three gene overlaps (VP35/VP40, GP/VP30, VP24/L).
  • It has a genomic sequence different from Ebola virus by ≥30%, but different from that of Sudan virus by <30%.
Reston Ebolavirus
  • If its genome diverges from that of the prototype Reston virus, the Reston virus variant Pennsylvania, by ≤10% at the nucleotide level.
Tai (Ivory Coast) Ebolavirus
  • It is endemic in Côte d'Ivoire.
  • It has a genome with three gene overlaps (VP35/VP40, GP/VP30, VP24/L).
  • It has a genomic sequence different from Ebola virus by ≥30% but different from that of Tai Forest virus by <30%.
Bundibugyo Ebolavirus
  • It is endemic in Uganda.
  • It has a genome with three gene overlaps (VP35/VP40, GP/VP30, VP24/L).
  • It has a genomic sequence different from Ebola virus by ≥30%, but different from that of Bundibugyo virus by <30%.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Kuhn, Jens H.; Becker, Stephan; Ebihara, Hideki; Geisbert, Thomas W.; Johnson, Karl M.; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro; Lipkin, W. Ian; Negredo, Ana I.; Netesov, Sergey V.; Nichol, Stuart T.; Palacios, Gustavo; Peters, Clarence J.; Tenorio, Antonio; Volchkov, Viktor E.; Jahrling, Peter B. (2010). "Proposal for a revised taxonomy of the family Filoviridae: classification, names of taxa and viruses, and virus abbreviations". Archives of Virology. 155 (12): 2083–2103. doi:10.1007/s00705-010-0814-x. ISSN 0304-8608.


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