View source for Glomerular basement membrane

{{Infobox Anatomy |
  Name         = {{PAGENAME}} |
  Latin        = |
  GraySubject  = |
  GrayPage     = |
  Image        = PhysiologieGlomérulaire.png |
  Caption      = Glomerulus. (Diagram in French, but "[[Glomerular basement membrane|Membrane basale glomerulaire]] et ses [[podocytes]]" labeled near center.) |
  Image2       = |
  Caption2     = |
  Precursor    = |
  System       = |
  Artery       = |
  Vein         = |
  Nerve        = |
  Lymph        = |
  MeshName     = glomerular+basement+membrane |
  MeshNumber   = |
  DorlandsPre  = m_08 |
  DorlandsSuf  = 12522684  |
}}
{{SI}}


The '''glomerular basement membrane''' is the [[basal lamina]]l portion of the [[glomerulus]] which performs the actual filtration though the filtration slits between the [[podocytes]] , separating the blood on the inside from the filtrate on the outside. It is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas. <ref>{{GeorgiaPhysiology|7/7ch04/7ch04p07}} - "Basement Membrane"</ref>

==Layers==
The GBM contains three layers: <ref>http://www.jci.org/cgi/content/full/116/8/2090/F1</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
| Layer || Location || Composition || Function
 |-
| lamina rara externa || adjacent to podocyte processes || [[heparan sulfate]] || blocks by charge
 |- 
 | lamina densa || dark central zone || type 4 [[collagen]] and laminin || blocks by size (MW > 69,000)
 |- 
 | lamina rara interna || adjacent to endothelial cells || [[heparan sulfate]] || blocks by charge
|}

==Pathology==

* [[Goodpasture's syndrome]] is also known as "anti-glomerular basement membrane disease". Capillaries become inflamed as a result of damage to the basement membrane by [[antibodies]]. 

* [[Nephrotic syndrome]] is a change in the structure of the glomerular filtration mechanism usually in the glomerular basement membrane. Some symptoms include [[proteinuria]], [[hypoalbuminaemia]], [[oedema]], and [[hyperlipidemia]].

* Diabetic [[glomerulosclerosis]] is a thickening of the basement membrane, which can become up to 4-5 times thicker than normal. Can be caused by [[insulin deficiency]] or resultant [[hyperglycemia]].

==See also==
* [[basement membrane]]
* [[nephrin]]

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
* {{MeshName|glomerular+basement+membrane}}
* [http://renux.dmed.ed.ac.uk/EdREN/EdRenINFObits/GBMdisorders.html#anchor10086420 "The GBM and its disorders" at dmed.ed.ac.uk]
* [http://membranebiology.mgh.harvard.edu/KidneyImages/Kidneyanatomy/HumanCortexStains.html Histology at harvard.edu]
* [http://www.wramc.army.mil/departments/Medicine/Nephrology/education/Lectures/chronic_gn/sld011.htm Structure at wramc.army.mi]

{{Kidney}}


[[Category:Kidney]]

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