Silicosis risk factors: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Silicosis}} | {{Silicosis}} | ||
* | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{AV}} | ||
:*Excavations in | ==Overview== | ||
:* | *Occupational exposure is the most significant risk factor of silicosis. Excavations in mines, tunnels, quarries, and underground galleries, [[quarrying]], [[cutting]] and polishing siliceous rock, and manufacturing of silicon-based products are all associated with increased risk of developing silicosis. | ||
:*Dry cutting, | |||
:* | ==Risk Factors== | ||
:* | The risk of developing silicosis is associated with the cumulative exposure of an individual to crystalline silica. | ||
:*Accumulated silica dose = Fraction of respirable dust × % of free silica in mg/m3 × Number of years of exposure<ref name="pmid25479706">{{cite journal| author=Fernández Álvarez R, Martínez González C, Quero Martínez A, Blanco Pérez JJ, Carazo Fernández L, Prieto Fernández A| title=Guidelines for the diagnosis and monitoring of silicosis. | journal=Arch Bronconeumol | year= 2015 | volume= 51 | issue= 2 | pages= 86-93 | pmid=25479706 | doi=10.1016/j.arbres.2014.07.010 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25479706 }} </ref><br><br> | |||
'''Occupational exposure is the most significant risk factor of silicosis.''' | |||
*The most common occupations that involve exposure to silicosis are shown below: | |||
:*Excavations in mines, tunnels, quarries, underground galleries | |||
:*Quarrying, cutting and polishing siliceous rock | |||
:*Dry cutting, grinding, sieving and manipulation of minerals and rock | |||
:*Manufacturing of [[silicon carbide]], [[glass]], [[porcelain]], earthenware and other ceramic products | |||
:*Manufacturing and maintenance of abrasives and detergent powders | |||
:*Foundry work: cast shakeout, sprue removal and blast cleaning | :*Foundry work: cast shakeout, sprue removal and blast cleaning | ||
:*Milling work: polishing, filing products containing free silica | :*Milling work: polishing, filing products containing free silica | ||
:*[ | :*Sandblasting<ref name="pmid25612962">{{cite journal| author=Schelde J, Authried G, Madsen HD, Perch M, Sherson DL| title=[Working as a sandblaster can cause silicosis.] | journal=Ugeskr Laeger | year= 2015 | volume= 177 | issue= 2A | pages= | pmid=25612962 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25612962 }} </ref> and grinding | ||
:*Pottery industry | :*Pottery industry | ||
:*Handling quartz conglomerates and | :*Handling quartz conglomerates and ornamental stone | ||
:*[[Dental prostheses]] | :*[[Dental prostheses]] | ||
*A few cases of non-occupational silicosis have been reported in communities at proximity to industries like [[quarries]] and sand works. | |||
*In addition to environmental, genetic factors such as polymorphisms for [[TNF|TNF-α gene]] is associated with more severe silicosis<ref name="pmid11874815">{{cite journal| author=Corbett EL, Mozzato-Chamay N, Butterworth AE, De Cock KM, Williams BG, Churchyard GJ et al.| title=Polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene promoter may predispose to severe silicosis in black South African miners. | journal=Am J Respir Crit Care Med | year= 2002 | volume= 165 | issue= 5 | pages= 690-3 | pmid=11874815 | doi=10.1164/ajrccm.165.5.2010050 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11874815 }} </ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Pulmonology]] | [[Category:Pulmonology]] | ||
[[Category:Occupational diseases]] | [[Category:Occupational diseases]] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:14, 23 June 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aparna Vuppala, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
- Occupational exposure is the most significant risk factor of silicosis. Excavations in mines, tunnels, quarries, and underground galleries, quarrying, cutting and polishing siliceous rock, and manufacturing of silicon-based products are all associated with increased risk of developing silicosis.
Risk Factors
The risk of developing silicosis is associated with the cumulative exposure of an individual to crystalline silica.
- Accumulated silica dose = Fraction of respirable dust × % of free silica in mg/m3 × Number of years of exposure[1]
- Accumulated silica dose = Fraction of respirable dust × % of free silica in mg/m3 × Number of years of exposure[1]
Occupational exposure is the most significant risk factor of silicosis.
- The most common occupations that involve exposure to silicosis are shown below:
- Excavations in mines, tunnels, quarries, underground galleries
- Quarrying, cutting and polishing siliceous rock
- Dry cutting, grinding, sieving and manipulation of minerals and rock
- Manufacturing of silicon carbide, glass, porcelain, earthenware and other ceramic products
- Manufacturing and maintenance of abrasives and detergent powders
- Foundry work: cast shakeout, sprue removal and blast cleaning
- Milling work: polishing, filing products containing free silica
- Sandblasting[2] and grinding
- Pottery industry
- Handling quartz conglomerates and ornamental stone
- Dental prostheses
- A few cases of non-occupational silicosis have been reported in communities at proximity to industries like quarries and sand works.
- In addition to environmental, genetic factors such as polymorphisms for TNF-α gene is associated with more severe silicosis[3]
References
- ↑ Fernández Álvarez R, Martínez González C, Quero Martínez A, Blanco Pérez JJ, Carazo Fernández L, Prieto Fernández A (2015). "Guidelines for the diagnosis and monitoring of silicosis". Arch Bronconeumol. 51 (2): 86–93. doi:10.1016/j.arbres.2014.07.010. PMID 25479706.
- ↑ Schelde J, Authried G, Madsen HD, Perch M, Sherson DL (2015). "[Working as a sandblaster can cause silicosis.]". Ugeskr Laeger. 177 (2A). PMID 25612962.
- ↑ Corbett EL, Mozzato-Chamay N, Butterworth AE, De Cock KM, Williams BG, Churchyard GJ; et al. (2002). "Polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene promoter may predispose to severe silicosis in black South African miners". Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 165 (5): 690–3. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.165.5.2010050. PMID 11874815.