Silicosis causes: Difference between revisions
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{{Silicosis}} | {{Silicosis}} | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{AV}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
Silicosis is caused by the inhalation of crystalline silica, including [[quartz]], cristobalite, and trimidite. | |||
==Causes== | |||
*Silicosis is caused by the inhalation of crystalline silica, including [[quartz]], cristobalite, and trimidite. | |||
*Of all three, [[quartz]] is most abundant and is frequently associated with the development of silicosis upon prolonged exposure and/or exposure at extremely high concentrations.<ref name="pmid25479706">{{cite journal| author=Fernández Álvarez R, Martínez González C, Quero Martínez A, Blanco Pérez JJ, Carazo Fernández L, Prieto Fernández A| title=Guidelines for the diagnosis and monitoring of silicosis. | journal=Arch Bronconeumol | year= 2015 | volume= 51 | issue= 2 | pages= 86-93 | pmid=25479706 | doi=10.1016/j.arbres.2014.07.010 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25479706 }} </ref> | |||
=== Source of Silica === | |||
* Silica (silicon dioxide) is the most abundant mineral on earth. Silica exists in [[crystalline]] and [[amorphous]] forms. | |||
* [[Quartz]] is the most abundant form of crystalline silica. It is a major component of rocks including [[granite]], slate, and sandstone. | |||
** Granite contains approximately 30% free silica | |||
** Slate contains approximately about 40% | |||
** Sandstone is almost pure silica<ref name="pmid6273058">{{cite journal| author=Lapp NL| title=Lung disease secondary to inhalation of nonfibrous minerals. | journal=Clin Chest Med | year= 1981 | volume= 2 | issue= 2 | pages= 219-33 | pmid=6273058 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6273058 }} </ref> | |||
* In contrast, the amorphous forms, including vitreous silica and diatomite (formed from skeletons of prehistoric marine organisms), are relatively less toxic following inhalation than other forms of silica. | |||
* Cristobalite and tridymite occur naturally in lava and are formed when either quartz or amorphous silica is subjected to very high temperatures. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Pulmonology]] | |||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Latest revision as of 15:26, 8 June 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aparna Vuppala, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Silicosis is caused by the inhalation of crystalline silica, including quartz, cristobalite, and trimidite.
Causes
- Silicosis is caused by the inhalation of crystalline silica, including quartz, cristobalite, and trimidite.
- Of all three, quartz is most abundant and is frequently associated with the development of silicosis upon prolonged exposure and/or exposure at extremely high concentrations.[1]
Source of Silica
- Silica (silicon dioxide) is the most abundant mineral on earth. Silica exists in crystalline and amorphous forms.
- Quartz is the most abundant form of crystalline silica. It is a major component of rocks including granite, slate, and sandstone.
- Granite contains approximately 30% free silica
- Slate contains approximately about 40%
- Sandstone is almost pure silica[2]
- In contrast, the amorphous forms, including vitreous silica and diatomite (formed from skeletons of prehistoric marine organisms), are relatively less toxic following inhalation than other forms of silica.
- Cristobalite and tridymite occur naturally in lava and are formed when either quartz or amorphous silica is subjected to very high temperatures.
References
- ↑ Fernández Álvarez R, Martínez González C, Quero Martínez A, Blanco Pérez JJ, Carazo Fernández L, Prieto Fernández A (2015). "Guidelines for the diagnosis and monitoring of silicosis". Arch Bronconeumol. 51 (2): 86–93. doi:10.1016/j.arbres.2014.07.010. PMID 25479706.
- ↑ Lapp NL (1981). "Lung disease secondary to inhalation of nonfibrous minerals". Clin Chest Med. 2 (2): 219–33. PMID 6273058.