Hemorrhagic stroke classification: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 18:13, 23 November 2016

CT scan showing an intracerebral hemorrhage.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]

Overview

There are two types of stroke, ischemic and hemorrhagic. Hemorrhagic strokes are less common, only 10-15% of all strokes are hemorrhagic, but they are responsible for about 40 percent of all stroke deaths.^[1]

Based on location of the hemorrhage, hemorrhagic stroke may be classified into intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)

Classification

Based on location of the hemorrhage, hemorrhagic stroke may be classified into:

Stroke

Ischemic stoke (85%)

Hemorrhagic stroke (15%)

Aneurysmal SAH (4%)

Intracerebral hemorrhage (7%)

Others (4%)

References

↑ Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Adams RJ, Berry JD, Brown TM; et al. (2011). "Heart disease and stroke statistics--2011 update: a report from the American Heart Association". Circulation. 123 (4): e18–e209. doi:10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182009701. PMC 4418670. PMID 21160056.

Template:WS Template:WH

[pmid21160056-1] Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Adams RJ, Berry JD, Brown TM; et al. (2011). "Heart disease and stroke statistics--2011 update: a report from the American Heart Association". Circulation. 123 (4): e18–e209. doi:10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182009701. PMC 4418670. PMID 21160056.

[1]

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 [[Image:Intracerebral heamorrage 2.jpg|right|thumb|170px|[[CT scan]] showing an intracerebral hemorrhage.]]
 {{Hemorrhagic stroke}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{SaraM}}
 ==Overview==
 There are two types of stroke, ischemic and hemorrhagic. Hemorrhagic strokes are less common, only 10-15% of all strokes are hemorrhagic, but they are responsible for about 40 percent of all stroke deaths.<ref name="pmid21160056">{{cite journal| author=Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Adams RJ, Berry JD, Brown TM et al.| title=Heart disease and stroke statistics--2011 update: a report from the American Heart Association. | journal=Circulation | year= 2011 | volume= 123 | issue= 4 | pages= e18-e209 | pmid=21160056 | doi=10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182009701 | pmc=4418670 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21160056  }} </ref>
+Based on location of the hemorrhage, hemorrhagic stroke may be classified into [[intracerebral hemorrhage|intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)]] and [[subarachnoid hemorrhage|subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)]]
 ==Classification==
@@ Line 12: / Line 14: @@
 *[[Intracerebral hemorrhage|Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)]]
 *[[Subarachnoid hemorrhage|Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)]]
+ {{familytree/start}}
-Intracranial hemorrhage is the accumulation of blood anywhere within the skull vault. Intracranial hemorrhage are roughly grouped into:
+{{familytree | | | | | | | | | B01 | | | | | |B01=Stroke}}
-*[[Intra-axial hemorrhage]] (blood inside the brain)
+{{familytree | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| }}
-**[[Intraparenchymal hemorrhage]], or bleeding within the brain tissue.
+{{familytree | | C01 | | | | | | | | | | | | C02 |C01=Ischemic stoke (85%)|C02=Hemorrhagic stroke (15%)}}
-**[[Intraventricular hemorrhage]], bleeding within the brain's [[ventricular system|ventricle]]s (particularly of [[Premature birth|premature infants]])
+{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|.|}}
-*[[Extra-axial hemorrhage]] (blood inside the skull but outside the brain)
+{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | E02 | | | E03 | | | E04 |E02=Aneurysmal [[Subarachnoid hemorrhage|SAH]] (4%)|E03=[[Intracerebral hemorrhage]] (7%) |E04=Others (4%)}}
-**[[Epidural hemorrhage]] is caused by trauma, and results from laceration of an artery
+{{familytree/end}}
-**[[Subdural hemorrhage]] results from tearing of the bridging veins in the [[subdural space]] between the [[dura mater|dura]] and [[arachnoid mater]].
-**[[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]], like intraparenchymal hemorrhage, can result either from trauma or from ruptures of [[aneurysm]]s or [[arteriovenous malformation]]s
-The main types of extra-axial hemorrhage are [[epidural hematoma]] (bleeding between the [[dura mater]] and the skull), [[subdural hematoma]] (in the [[subdural space]]) and [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]] (between the [[arachnoid mater]] and [[pia mater]]). Most of the hemorrhagic stroke syndromes have specific symptoms (e.g. [[headache]], previous [[head injury]]).
-[[Intracerebral hemorrhage]] (ICH) is bleeding directly into the brain tissue, forming a gradually enlarging [[hematoma]] (pooling of blood). It generally occurs in small arteries or arterioles and is commonly due to [[hypertension]], trauma, [[Haemophilia|bleeding disorders]], [[amyloid angiopathy]], illicit drug use (e.g. [[amphetamines]] or [[cocaine]]), and vascular malformations.
-The hematoma enlarges until pressure from surrounding tissue limits its growth, or until it decompresses by emptying into the [[ventricular system]], [[cerebrospinal fluid|CSF]] or the pial surface.
-A third of intracerebral bleed is into the brain's ventricles. ICH has a [[mortality rate]] of 44 percent after 30 days, higher than ischemic stroke or even the very deadly subarachnoid hemorrhage.
 ==References==

Hemorrhagic stroke classification: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 18:13, 23 November 2016

Overview

Classification

References

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