Chancroid physical examination: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
m (Changes made per Mahshid's request)
 
(12 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Chancroid}}
{{Chancroid}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{YD}} {{NRM}} {{SSK}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{YD}}; {{NRM}}; {{SSK}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
Patients may present with erythematous [[papules]], [[Boil|pustules]], or [[ulcers]] depending the stage of the chancroid. Ulcers are soft with irregular but sharp margins, and looks similar to a [[syphilitic]] [[chancre]]. Males typically have 1 ulcer while females typically have multiple. The most common location in males is the [[foreskin]] (prepuce). The most common location in females in the [[labia majora]]. Approximately 50% of patients may present with swollen [[inguinal]] [[lymph nodes]].


==Physical Examination==
==Physical Examination==
Line 10: Line 11:


===Skin===
===Skin===
A patient may present with either of the following types of lesions on the genitals, depending on the stage of infection:<ref name="ChancroidUpToDate">Chancroid. UpToDate (September 25, 2015). http://www.uptodate.com/contents/chancroid#H3 Accessed January 19, 2016.</ref><ref name="Spinola2002">{{cite journal|last1=Spinola|first1=S. M.|title=Immunopathogenesis of Haemophilus ducreyi Infection (Chancroid)|journal=Infection and Immunity|volume=70|issue=4|year=2002|pages=1667–1676|issn=00199567|doi=10.1128/IAI.70.4.1667-1676.2002}}</ref>
A patient may present with either of the following types of lesions on the genitals (or extremities in cases of cutaneous limb ulcers<ref name="pmid25271477">{{cite journal| author=Marks M, Chi KH, Vahi V, Pillay A, Sokana O, Pavluck A et al.| title=Haemophilus ducreyi associated with skin ulcers among children, Solomon Islands. | journal=Emerg Infect Dis | year= 2014 | volume= 20 | issue= 10 | pages= 1705-7 | pmid=25271477 | doi=10.3201/eid2010.140573 | pmc=PMC4193279 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25271477}}</ref><ref name="pmid25774793">{{cite journal| author=Gaston JR, Roberts SA, Humphreys TL| title=Molecular phylogenetic analysis of non-sexually transmitted strains of Haemophilus ducreyi. | journal=PLoS One | year= 2015 | volume= 10 | issue= 3 | pages= e0118613 | pmid=25774793 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0118613 | pmc=PMC4361675 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25774793  }} </ref>), depending on the stage of infection:<ref name="Spinola2002">{{cite journal|last1=Spinola|first1=S. M.|title=Immunopathogenesis of Haemophilus ducreyi Infection (Chancroid)|journal=Infection and Immunity|volume=70|issue=4|year=2002|pages=1667–1676|issn=00199567|doi=10.1128/IAI.70.4.1667-1676.2002}}</ref>
*Erythematous [[papules]]
*Erythematous [[papules]]
*[[Boil|Pustules]]
*[[Boil|Pustules]]
Line 17: Line 18:
Ulcer characteristics:<ref name="ChancroidWikipedia">Chancroid. Wikipedia (July 16, 2015). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chancroid Accessed January 15, 2016.</ref>
Ulcer characteristics:<ref name="ChancroidWikipedia">Chancroid. Wikipedia (July 16, 2015). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chancroid Accessed January 15, 2016.</ref>
*Ranges in size from 3 to 50 mm (1/8 to 2 inches) in diameter
*Ranges in size from 3 to 50 mm (1/8 to 2 inches) in diameter
*Painful
*Tender
*Soft, nonindurated
*Soft, nonindurated
*Irregular border
*Irregular border
Line 27: Line 28:


===Common locations in males===
===Common locations in males===
*[[Foreskin]] (prepuce) (most common)
*[[Foreskin]] (prepuce) (most common)<ref name="ChancroidMedline">Chancroid. MedlinePlus (January 13, 2016). https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000635.htm Accessed January 21, 2016.</ref>
*Groove behind the head of the penis ([[coronal sulcus]])  
*Groove behind the head of the penis ([[coronal sulcus]])  
*Shaft of the penis  
*Shaft of the penis  
*Head of the penis ([[glans penis]])
*Head of the penis ([[glans penis]])
*Opening of the penis (urethral meatus)  
*Opening of the penis ([[urethral meatus]])  
*[[Scrotum]] (least common)
*[[Scrotum]] (least common)


===Common locations in females===
===Common locations in females===
*[[labia majora]] (most common). "Kissing ulcers" may develop, defined as ulcers that occur on opposing surfaces of the labia.
*[[Labia majora]] (most common). "Kissing ulcers" may develop, defined as ulcers that occur on opposing surfaces of the labia.<ref name="ChancroidMedline"></ref>
*[[labia minora]]
*[[Labia minora]]
*[[perineum|Perineal]] area
*[[Perineum|Perineal]] area
*Inner thighs (least common)
*Inner thighs (least common)


===Other Signs===
===Other Signs===
*Inguinal lymphadenitis in approximately 50% of patients, known as [[Bubo|buboes]] (typically unilateral and predominantly in males)<ref name="Lewis2003">{{cite journal|last1=Lewis|first1=D A|title=Chancroid: clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management|journal=Sexually Transmitted Infections|volume=79|issue=1|year=2003|pages=68–71|issn=13684973|doi=10.1136/sti.79.1.68}}</ref>
*Tender [[inguinal]] [[lymphadenitis]] in approximately 50% of patients, known as [[Bubo|buboes]] (typically unilateral and predominantly in males)<ref name="Lewis2003">{{cite journal|last1=Lewis|first1=D A|title=Chancroid: clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management|journal=Sexually Transmitted Infections|volume=79|issue=1|year=2003|pages=68–71|issn=13684973|doi=10.1136/sti.79.1.68}}</ref>
*Approximately 25% of patients with lymphadenopathy may present with abscesses in lymph nodes or ruptured buboes
*Approximately 25% of patients with lymphadenopathy may present with abscesses in lymph nodes or ruptured buboes


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
Line 68: Line 68:
[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]
[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]
[[Category:Proteobacteria]]
[[Category:Proteobacteria]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]

Latest revision as of 17:21, 18 September 2017

Chancroid Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Classification

Differentiating Chancroid from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Chancroid physical examination On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Chancroid physical examination

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA onChancroid physical examination

CDC onChancroid physical examination

Chancroid physical examinationin the news

Blogs onChancroid physical examination

Directions to Hospitals Treating chancroid

calculators and risk factors for Chancroid physical examination

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, M.D.; Nate Michalak, B.A.; Serge Korjian M.D.

Overview

Patients may present with erythematous papules, pustules, or ulcers depending the stage of the chancroid. Ulcers are soft with irregular but sharp margins, and looks similar to a syphilitic chancre. Males typically have 1 ulcer while females typically have multiple. The most common location in males is the foreskin (prepuce). The most common location in females in the labia majora. Approximately 50% of patients may present with swollen inguinal lymph nodes.

Physical Examination

Vital Signs

Typically normal

Skin

A patient may present with either of the following types of lesions on the genitals (or extremities in cases of cutaneous limb ulcers[1][2]), depending on the stage of infection:[3]

Ulcer characteristics:[4]

  • Ranges in size from 3 to 50 mm (1/8 to 2 inches) in diameter
  • Tender
  • Soft, nonindurated
  • Irregular border
  • Sharp margins
  • Grey/yellow exudate
  • Males typically have a single ulcer
  • Females typically have multiplee ulcers
  • May look similar to syphilitic chancre

Common locations in males

Common locations in females

  • Labia majora (most common). "Kissing ulcers" may develop, defined as ulcers that occur on opposing surfaces of the labia.[5]
  • Labia minora
  • Perineal area
  • Inner thighs (least common)

Other Signs

  • Tender inguinal lymphadenitis in approximately 50% of patients, known as buboes (typically unilateral and predominantly in males)[6]
  • Approximately 25% of patients with lymphadenopathy may present with abscesses in lymph nodes or ruptured buboes

Gallery

References

  1. ↑ Marks M, Chi KH, Vahi V, Pillay A, Sokana O, Pavluck A; et al. (2014). "Haemophilus ducreyi associated with skin ulcers among children, Solomon Islands". Emerg Infect Dis. 20 (10): 1705–7. doi:10.3201/eid2010.140573. PMC 4193279. PMID 25271477.
  2. ↑ Gaston JR, Roberts SA, Humphreys TL (2015). "Molecular phylogenetic analysis of non-sexually transmitted strains of Haemophilus ducreyi". PLoS One. 10 (3): e0118613. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118613. PMC 4361675. PMID 25774793.
  3. ↑ Spinola, S. M. (2002). "Immunopathogenesis of Haemophilus ducreyi Infection (Chancroid)". Infection and Immunity. 70 (4): 1667–1676. doi:10.1128/IAI.70.4.1667-1676.2002. ISSN 0019-9567.
  4. ↑ Chancroid. Wikipedia (July 16, 2015). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chancroid Accessed January 15, 2016.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Chancroid. MedlinePlus (January 13, 2016). https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000635.htm Accessed January 21, 2016.
  6. ↑ Lewis, D A (2003). "Chancroid: clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management". Sexually Transmitted Infections. 79 (1): 68–71. doi:10.1136/sti.79.1.68. ISSN 1368-4973.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 "Dermatology Atlas".
Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Chancroid_physical_examination&oldid=1354500"