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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Group B streptococcal (GBS) infection can be classified into three main categories depending on the type of affected subjects. GBS infection can occur in [[pregnant]] women, [[neonate]]s, or non-pregnant adults mainly the elderly.<ref name="pmid16107984">{{cite journal| author=Edwards MS, Baker CJ| title=Group B streptococcal infections in elderly adults. | journal=Clin Infect Dis | year= 2005 | volume= 41 | issue= 6 | pages= 839-47 | pmid=16107984 | doi=10.1086/432804 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16107984 }} </ref> Neonatal GBS infection can be further classified into early-onset or late-onset depending on the timing of the onset of the symptoms. Infections in newborns occurring within the first week of life are designated as early-onset disease, whereas late-onset infections occur in infants aged >1 week, with most infections evident during the first 3 months of life. <ref name=CDCMMWR>Verani J.R., McGee L, and Schrag S.J. Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease. Revised Guidelines from CDC, 2010.[http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5910a1.htm?s_cid=rr5910a1_w CDC.gov]</ref> | |||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
===Infection in Pregnant Women=== | ===Infection in Pregnant Women=== | ||
GBS infection in pregnant women can lead to any of the following: | |||
* No symptoms (asymptomatic carrier) | |||
* [[Urinary tract infection]] | |||
* [[Chorioamnionitis]] | |||
* [[Endometritis]] | |||
* Premature rupture of membrane | |||
===Infection in Neonates=== | ===Infection in Neonates=== | ||
GBS infection in neonates can be classified as:<ref name=CDCMMWR>Verani J.R., McGee L, and Schrag S.J. Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease. Revised Guidelines from CDC, 2010.[http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5910a1.htm?s_cid=rr5910a1_w CDC.gov]</ref> | |||
* Early onset infection (within 24-48 hours, up to one week after delivery), which can lead to any of the following: | |||
** [[Pneumonia]] | |||
** [[Sepsis]] | |||
** [[Meningitis]] | |||
* Late onset infection (after the first week, up to 3 months of life), which can lead to any of the following: | |||
** [[Bacteremia]] without a focus of infection | |||
** [[Sepsis]] | |||
** [[Meningitis]] | |||
** [[Pneumonia]] | |||
** Focal infections (less commonly) such as [[adenitis]], [[cellulitis]], and [[arthritis]]<ref name="pmid23296441">{{cite journal| author=Berardi A, Rossi C, Lugli L, Creti R, Bacchi Reggiani ML, Lanari M et al.| title=Group B streptococcus late-onset disease: 2003-2010. | journal=Pediatrics | year= 2013 | volume= 131 | issue= 2 | pages= e361-8 | pmid=23296441 | doi=10.1542/peds.2012-1231 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23296441 }} </ref> | |||
===Infection in Men and Non-Pregnant Women=== | ===Infection in Men and Non-Pregnant Women=== | ||
GBS infection in non pregnant adults occurs mainly in elderly and subjects with underlying disease, such as [[diabetes]].<ref name="pmid16107984">{{cite journal| author=Edwards MS, Baker CJ| title=Group B streptococcal infections in elderly adults. | journal=Clin Infect Dis | year= 2005 | volume= 41 | issue= 6 | pages= 839-47 | pmid=16107984 | doi=10.1086/432804 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16107984 }} </ref> GBS infection in elderly can manifest as any of the following:<ref name="pmid11462195">{{cite journal| author=Farley MM| title=Group B streptococcal disease in nonpregnant adults. | journal=Clin Infect Dis | year= 2001 | volume= 33 | issue= 4 | pages= 556-61 | pmid=11462195 | doi=10.1086/322696 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11462195 }} </ref> | |||
* [[Pneumonia]] | |||
* [[Skin and soft tissue infection]] | |||
* [[Osteomyelitis]] | |||
* [[Septic arthritis]] | |||
* [[UTI|Urosepsis]] | |||
* [[Peritonitis]] | |||
* [[Meningitis]] | |||
* [[Endocarditis]] | |||
* IV catheter infection | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Streptococcaceae]] | [[Category:Streptococcaceae]] | ||
[[Category:Obstetrics]] | [[Category:Obstetrics]] | ||
[[Category:Mature chapter]] | [[Category:Mature chapter]] | ||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | |||
[[Category:Neonatology]] | |||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby, M.D. [2]
Overview
Group B streptococcal (GBS) infection can be classified into three main categories depending on the type of affected subjects. GBS infection can occur in pregnant women, neonates, or non-pregnant adults mainly the elderly.[1] Neonatal GBS infection can be further classified into early-onset or late-onset depending on the timing of the onset of the symptoms. Infections in newborns occurring within the first week of life are designated as early-onset disease, whereas late-onset infections occur in infants aged >1 week, with most infections evident during the first 3 months of life. [2]
Classification
Infection in Pregnant Women
GBS infection in pregnant women can lead to any of the following:
- No symptoms (asymptomatic carrier)
- Urinary tract infection
- Chorioamnionitis
- Endometritis
- Premature rupture of membrane
Infection in Neonates
GBS infection in neonates can be classified as:[2]
- Early onset infection (within 24-48 hours, up to one week after delivery), which can lead to any of the following:
- Late onset infection (after the first week, up to 3 months of life), which can lead to any of the following:
- Bacteremia without a focus of infection
- Sepsis
- Meningitis
- Pneumonia
- Focal infections (less commonly) such as adenitis, cellulitis, and arthritis[3]
Infection in Men and Non-Pregnant Women
GBS infection in non pregnant adults occurs mainly in elderly and subjects with underlying disease, such as diabetes.[1] GBS infection in elderly can manifest as any of the following:[4]
- Pneumonia
- Skin and soft tissue infection
- Osteomyelitis
- Septic arthritis
- Urosepsis
- Peritonitis
- Meningitis
- Endocarditis
- IV catheter infection
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Edwards MS, Baker CJ (2005). "Group B streptococcal infections in elderly adults". Clin Infect Dis. 41 (6): 839–47. doi:10.1086/432804. PMID 16107984.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Verani J.R., McGee L, and Schrag S.J. Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease. Revised Guidelines from CDC, 2010.CDC.gov
- ↑ Berardi A, Rossi C, Lugli L, Creti R, Bacchi Reggiani ML, Lanari M; et al. (2013). "Group B streptococcus late-onset disease: 2003-2010". Pediatrics. 131 (2): e361–8. doi:10.1542/peds.2012-1231. PMID 23296441.
- ↑ Farley MM (2001). "Group B streptococcal disease in nonpregnant adults". Clin Infect Dis. 33 (4): 556–61. doi:10.1086/322696. PMID 11462195.