Cretinism natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | |||
If left untreated, patients with cretinism may progress to develop [[mental retardation]] and [[neurological]] manifestations. Common complications of cretinism include [[growth retardation]] and [[cardiovascular]] problems. Prognosis is usually good after treatment with [[levothyroxine]]. | |||
==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | |||
===Natural History=== | |||
*The symptoms of cretinism usually develop in the first months after birth and start with symptoms such as [[jaundice]], large [[fontanelles]], and [[umbilical hernia]]. | |||
*If left untreated, patients with cretinism may progress to develop [[mental retardation]] and [[neurological]] manifestations like [[ataxia]] and poor [[motor coordination]].<ref name="pmid16444157">{{cite journal| author=Büyükgebiz A| title=Congenital hypothyroidism clinical aspects and late consequences. | journal=Pediatr Endocrinol Rev | year= 2003 | volume= 1 Suppl 2 | issue= | pages= 185-90; discussion 190 | pmid=16444157 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16444157 }}</ref> | |||
===Complications=== | |||
*Common complications of cretinism include:<ref name="pmid27534632">{{cite journal| author=Pearce EN, Lazarus JH, Moreno-Reyes R, Zimmermann MB| title=Consequences of iodine deficiency and excess in pregnant women: an overview of current knowns and unknowns. | journal=Am J Clin Nutr | year= 2016 | volume= 104 Suppl 3 | issue= | pages= 918S-23S | pmid=27534632 | doi=10.3945/ajcn.115.110429 | pmc=5004501 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27534632 }}</ref> | |||
** [[Mental retardation]] | |||
** [[Growth retardation]] | |||
** [[Cardiovascular]] problems | |||
===Prognosis=== | |||
*Prognosis is generally good after appropriate treatment with [[levothyroxine]].<ref name="pmid20537182">{{cite journal| author=Rastogi MV, LaFranchi SH| title=Congenital hypothyroidism. | journal=Orphanet J Rare Dis | year= 2010 | volume= 5 | issue= | pages= 17 | pmid=20537182 | doi=10.1186/1750-1172-5-17 | pmc=2903524 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20537182 }} </ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{ | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Endocrinology]] | [[Category:Endocrinology]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Up-To-Date]] | ||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | |||
Latest revision as of 20:34, 27 October 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]
Overview
If left untreated, patients with cretinism may progress to develop mental retardation and neurological manifestations. Common complications of cretinism include growth retardation and cardiovascular problems. Prognosis is usually good after treatment with levothyroxine.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
- The symptoms of cretinism usually develop in the first months after birth and start with symptoms such as jaundice, large fontanelles, and umbilical hernia.
- If left untreated, patients with cretinism may progress to develop mental retardation and neurological manifestations like ataxia and poor motor coordination.[1]
Complications
- Common complications of cretinism include:[2]
Prognosis
- Prognosis is generally good after appropriate treatment with levothyroxine.[3]
References
- ↑ Büyükgebiz A (2003). "Congenital hypothyroidism clinical aspects and late consequences". Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 1 Suppl 2: 185–90, discussion 190. PMID 16444157.
- ↑ Pearce EN, Lazarus JH, Moreno-Reyes R, Zimmermann MB (2016). "Consequences of iodine deficiency and excess in pregnant women: an overview of current knowns and unknowns". Am J Clin Nutr. 104 Suppl 3: 918S–23S. doi:10.3945/ajcn.115.110429. PMC 5004501. PMID 27534632.
- ↑ Rastogi MV, LaFranchi SH (2010). "Congenital hypothyroidism". Orphanet J Rare Dis. 5: 17. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-5-17. PMC 2903524. PMID 20537182.