Hepatorenal syndrome epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Hepatorenal syndrome | Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is common in cirrhotic patients. | ||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
'''Incidence:''' | '''Incidence:''' | ||
* In 1993, incidance of HRS had an incidence of 180 in 100000 at one year and 390 in 100000 at five years in patients with cirrhosis and ascites.<ref name="pmid8514039">{{cite journal| author=Ginès A, Escorsell A, Ginès P, Saló J, Jiménez W, Inglada L et al.| title=Incidence, predictive factors, and prognosis of the hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis with ascites. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 1993 | volume= 105 | issue= 1 | pages= 229-36 | pmid=8514039 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8514039 }}</ref> | |||
In | * In 2010, The annual incidence of HRS was 760 in 100000.<ref name="pmid20399905">{{cite journal| author=Montoliu S, Ballesté B, Planas R, Alvarez MA, Rivera M, Miquel M et al.| title=Incidence and prognosis of different types of functional renal failure in cirrhotic patients with ascites. | journal=Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol | year= 2010 | volume= 8 | issue= 7 | pages= 616-22; quiz e80 | pmid=20399905 | doi=10.1016/j.cgh.2010.03.029 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20399905 }}</ref> | ||
Approximately 50% of the cirrhotic patients with ascites developed some type of functional renal failure during the follow-up period. | |||
'''Prevalence''': | |||
* The prevalence of HRS was from 13000 to 45800 in 100000 n patients with cirrhosis and ascites.<ref name="pmid21703199">{{cite journal| author=Salerno F, Cazzaniga M, Merli M, Spinzi G, Saibeni S, Salmi A et al.| title=Diagnosis, treatment and survival of patients with hepatorenal syndrome: a survey on daily medical practice. | journal=J Hepatol | year= 2011 | volume= 55 | issue= 6 | pages= 1241-8 | pmid=21703199 | doi=10.1016/j.jhep.2011.03.012 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21703199 }}</ref> | |||
'''Age''': | |||
* Most patients with HRS are in their sixth or seventh decade.<ref name="pmid217031992">{{cite journal| author=Salerno F, Cazzaniga M, Merli M, Spinzi G, Saibeni S, Salmi A et al.| title=Diagnosis, treatment and survival of patients with hepatorenal syndrome: a survey on daily medical practice. | journal=J Hepatol | year= 2011 | volume= 55 | issue= 6 | pages= 1241-8 | pmid=21703199 | doi=10.1016/j.jhep.2011.03.012 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21703199 }}</ref> | |||
'''Gender''': | |||
* Male are more affected population.<ref name="pmid20682324">{{cite journal| author=Martín-Llahí M, Guevara M, Torre A, Fagundes C, Restuccia T, Gilabert R et al.| title=Prognostic importance of the cause of renal failure in patients with cirrhosis. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 2011 | volume= 140 | issue= 2 | pages= 488-496.e4 | pmid=20682324 | doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2010.07.043 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20682324 }}</ref> | |||
'''Etiology of Cirrhosis''': | |||
* Alcohol (type 1 HRS 46.1%; type 2 HRS 55%).<ref name="pmid206823242">{{cite journal| author=Martín-Llahí M, Guevara M, Torre A, Fagundes C, Restuccia T, Gilabert R et al.| title=Prognostic importance of the cause of renal failure in patients with cirrhosis. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 2011 | volume= 140 | issue= 2 | pages= 488-496.e4 | pmid=20682324 | doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2010.07.043 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20682324 }}</ref><ref name="pmid19003880">{{cite journal| author=Garcia-Tsao G, Parikh CR, Viola A| title=Acute kidney injury in cirrhosis. | journal=Hepatology | year= 2008 | volume= 48 | issue= 6 | pages= 2064-77 | pmid=19003880 | doi=10.1002/hep.22605 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19003880 }}</ref> | |||
* Viral (type 1 HRS 31.6%; type 2 HRS 40%). | |||
* Alcohol and viral causes (type 1 HRS 10.5%; type 2 HRS 2.5%). | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 17:50, 11 December 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sunny Kumar MD [2]
Overview
Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is common in cirrhotic patients.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence:
- In 1993, incidance of HRS had an incidence of 180 in 100000 at one year and 390 in 100000 at five years in patients with cirrhosis and ascites.[1]
- In 2010, The annual incidence of HRS was 760 in 100000.[2]
Approximately 50% of the cirrhotic patients with ascites developed some type of functional renal failure during the follow-up period.
Prevalence:
- The prevalence of HRS was from 13000 to 45800 in 100000 n patients with cirrhosis and ascites.[3]
Age:
- Most patients with HRS are in their sixth or seventh decade.[4]
Gender:
- Male are more affected population.[5]
Etiology of Cirrhosis:
- Alcohol (type 1 HRS 46.1%; type 2 HRS 55%).[6][7]
- Viral (type 1 HRS 31.6%; type 2 HRS 40%).
- Alcohol and viral causes (type 1 HRS 10.5%; type 2 HRS 2.5%).
References
- ↑ Ginès A, Escorsell A, Ginès P, Saló J, Jiménez W, Inglada L; et al. (1993). "Incidence, predictive factors, and prognosis of the hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis with ascites". Gastroenterology. 105 (1): 229–36. PMID 8514039.
- ↑ Montoliu S, Ballesté B, Planas R, Alvarez MA, Rivera M, Miquel M; et al. (2010). "Incidence and prognosis of different types of functional renal failure in cirrhotic patients with ascites". Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 8 (7): 616–22, quiz e80. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2010.03.029. PMID 20399905.
- ↑ Salerno F, Cazzaniga M, Merli M, Spinzi G, Saibeni S, Salmi A; et al. (2011). "Diagnosis, treatment and survival of patients with hepatorenal syndrome: a survey on daily medical practice". J Hepatol. 55 (6): 1241–8. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2011.03.012. PMID 21703199.
- ↑ Salerno F, Cazzaniga M, Merli M, Spinzi G, Saibeni S, Salmi A; et al. (2011). "Diagnosis, treatment and survival of patients with hepatorenal syndrome: a survey on daily medical practice". J Hepatol. 55 (6): 1241–8. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2011.03.012. PMID 21703199.
- ↑ Martín-Llahí M, Guevara M, Torre A, Fagundes C, Restuccia T, Gilabert R; et al. (2011). "Prognostic importance of the cause of renal failure in patients with cirrhosis". Gastroenterology. 140 (2): 488–496.e4. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.07.043. PMID 20682324.
- ↑ Martín-Llahí M, Guevara M, Torre A, Fagundes C, Restuccia T, Gilabert R; et al. (2011). "Prognostic importance of the cause of renal failure in patients with cirrhosis". Gastroenterology. 140 (2): 488–496.e4. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.07.043. PMID 20682324.
- ↑ Garcia-Tsao G, Parikh CR, Viola A (2008). "Acute kidney injury in cirrhosis". Hepatology. 48 (6): 2064–77. doi:10.1002/hep.22605. PMID 19003880.