Volvulus: Difference between revisions

	Volvulus Microchapters
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Overview
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Diagnosis
Diagnostic study of choice
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Case #1
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	Volvulus;
	CECAL VOLVULUS ; 27 year old female with osteogenesis imperfecta. Patient is complaining of abdominal pain.; Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

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Latest revision as of 15:53, 8 January 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]

Synonyms and keywords:: Intestinal volvulus; Stomach volvulus; Gastric volvulus; Sigmoid volvulus; Cecal volvulus; Abdominal twisting; Colonic volvulus; Abdominal torsion; Intestinal torsion; Intestinal twisting; Colonic twisting; Stomach twisting, Volvulus neonatorum.

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Volvulus from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Case Studies

Case #1

Related Chapters

Gastric volvulus

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+__NOTOC__
 '''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
-{{CMG}}
-{{Editor Help}}
-==Overview==
 {{Infobox_Disease |
    Name           = {{PAGENAME}} |
    Image          = Volvulus 001.jpg|
    Caption        =  CECAL VOLVULUS <br> 27 year old female with [[osteogenesis imperfecta]]. Patient is complaining of [[abdominal pain]].<br> <small> [http://www.peir.net Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small>|
-  DiseasesDB     = 13996 |
-  ICD10          = {{ICD10|K|56|2|k|55}} |
-  ICD9           = {{ICD9|537.3}}, {{ICD9|560.2}} |
-  ICDO           = |
-  OMIM           = |
-  MedlinePlus    = |
-  eMedicineSubj  = ped |
-  eMedicineTopic = 2415 |
-  MeshID         = D045822 |
 }}
-{{Search infobox}}
+{{Volvulus}}
-A '''volvulus''' is a loop of the [[bowel]] whose nose has twisted on itself.<ref>Medical Terminology Systems: A Body Systems Approach, 2005</ref> The American Heritage Stedman's Medical Dictionary defines volvulus slightly differently as "abnormal twisting of the intestine causing obstruction," which adds obstruction in the definition, and would be more clinically significant term.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kmle.com/search.php?Search=volvulus | title = ''KMLE Medical Dictionary Definition of volvulus'' | author = [http://www.kmle.com The American Heritage Stedman's Medical Dictionary]}}</ref>
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{HM}}
-==Types==
+{{SK}}: Intestinal volvulus; Stomach volvulus; Gastric volvulus; Sigmoid volvulus; Cecal volvulus; Abdominal twisting; Colonic volvulus; Abdominal torsion; Intestinal torsion; Intestinal twisting; Colonic twisting; Stomach twisting, Volvulus neonatorum.
-*[[Gastric volvulus]] (click on the link in blue to read more about this specific type of volvulus)
+==[[Volvulus overview|Overview]]==
-* Volvulus Neonatorum
-* Volvulus Small Intestine
-* Volvulus Caecum
-* Volvulus Sigmoid Colon
-==Causes==
+==[[Volvulus historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
-Midgut volvulus occurs in patients (usually in infants) that are predisposed because of congenital [[intestinal malrotation]].  Segmental volvulus occurs in patients of any age, usually with a predisposition because of abnormal intestinal contents (e.g. [[Meconium|meconium ileus]]) or [[adhesions]].  Volvulus of the [[cecum]], [[transverse colon]], or [[sigmoid colon]] occurs, usually in adults, with only minor predisposing factors such as redundant (excess, inadequately supported) intestinal tissue and constipation.
-==Presentation==
+==[[Volvulus classification|Classification]]==
-Regardless of cause, volvulus causes symptoms by two mechanisms.  One is [[bowel obstruction]], manifested as abdominal distension and vomiting.  The other is  [[ischemia]] (loss of blood flow) to the affected portion of intestine.  This causes severe pain and progressive injury to the intestinal wall, with accumulation of gas and fluid in the portion of the bowel obstructed.<ref>Medical Terminology Systems: A Body Systems Approach, 2005</ref> Ultimately, this can result in [[necrosis]] of the affected intestinal wall, [[acidosis]], and death.  Acute volvulus therefore requires immediate surgical intervention to untwist the affected segment of bowel and possibly [[bowel resection|resect]] any unsalvageable portion.<ref>Medical Terminology Systems: A Body Systems Approach, 2005</ref>
-Volvulus occurs most frequently in middle-aged and elderly men.<ref>Medical Terminology Systems: A Body Systems Approach, 2005</ref>  Volvulus can also arise as a rare complication in persons with [[Colon (anatomy)|redundant colon]], a normal anatomic variation resulting in extra colonic loops.<ref>{{cite web
+==[[Volvulus pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
-|url=http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/redundant-colon/AN00239/rss=1
-|title=Redundant colon: A health concern?
-|accessdate=2007-06-11 | date=2006-10-13
-|author=Mayo Clinic Staff|work=Ask a Digestive System Specialist|publisher=MayoClinic.com
-}}</ref>
-Sigmoid volvulus is the most-common form of volvulus of the gastrointestinal tract and is responsible for 8% of all intestinal obstructions. Sigmoid volvulus is particularly common in elderly persons and constipated patient. Patients experience abdominal pain, distension, and absolute constipation.
+==[[Volvulus causes|Causes]]==
-==Associated conditions==
+==[[Volvulus differential diagnosis|Differentiating Volvulus from other Diseases]]==
-The volvulus can also occur in patients with [[Duchenne muscular dystrophy]] due to the smooth muscle dysfunction.
+==[[Volvulus epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
+==[[Volvulus risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
+==[[Volvulus screening|Screening]]==
+==[[Volvulus natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
 ==Diagnosis==
-* [[Abdominal x-ray]]
-* [[Upper GI series]]
+[[Volvulus history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Volvulus physical examination|Physical Examination]]  | [[Volvulus laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Volvulus electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Volvulus x ray|X Ray]] | [[Volvulus CT|CT]] | [[Volvulus ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Volvulus other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Volvulus other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
 ==Treatment==
+[[Volvulus medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Volvulus surgery|Surgery]] | [[Volvulus primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Volvulus secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] |  [[Volvulus cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] |  [[Volvulus future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
-* Laparotomy
+==Case Studies==
-* Untwisting
+[[Volvulus case study one|Case #1]]
-* Transduodenal band of ladd is divided
-==See also==
+==Related Chapters==
 * [[Gastric volvulus]]
-==References==
-<references/>
-==Additional Resources==
-*{{cite|author=Gylys, Barbara A. and Mary Ellen Wedding|title=Medical Terminology Systems|publisher=F.A. Davis Company|date=2005}}
-{{SIB}}
-{{Gastroenterology}}
-{{Symptoms and signs}}
-[[de:Volvulus]]
-[[fr:Volvulus]]
 {{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
 {{WikiDoc Sources}}
 [[Category:Disease]]
-[[Category:Abdominal pain]]
 [[Category:Gastroenterology]]
-[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
+[[Category:Emergency medicine]]


Volvulus
CECAL VOLVULUS 27 year old female with osteogenesis imperfecta. Patient is complaining of abdominal pain. Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology