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__NOTOC__
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{{cholangiocarcinoma}}
{{cholangiocarcinoma}}
{{CMG}};{{AE}} {{PSK}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{F.K}} [mailto:fkahe@bidmc.harvard.edu], {{PSK}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
Cholangiocarcinoma may be classified according to location of the tumor into three subtypes of [[intrahepatic bile ducts|Intrahepatic bile duct]] cancer, perihilar bile duct cancer, and extrahepatic bile duct cancer.


==Classification==
==Classification==
*Cholangiocarcinoma may be classified according to location of the tumor into three groups:<ref name="pmid17457168">{{cite journal |vauthors=DeOliveira ML, Cunningham SC, Cameron JL, Kamangar F, Winter JM, Lillemoe KD, Choti MA, Yeo CJ, Schulick RD |title=Cholangiocarcinoma: thirty-one-year experience with 564 patients at a single institution |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=245 |issue=5 |pages=755–62 |year=2007 |pmid=17457168 |pmc=1877058 |doi=10.1097/01.sla.0000251366.62632.d3 |url=}}</ref>
*Cholangiocarcinoma may be classified according to location of the tumor into three subtypes:<ref name="pmid17457168">{{cite journal |vauthors=DeOliveira ML, Cunningham SC, Cameron JL, Kamangar F, Winter JM, Lillemoe KD, Choti MA, Yeo CJ, Schulick RD |title=Cholangiocarcinoma: thirty-one-year experience with 564 patients at a single institution |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=245 |issue=5 |pages=755–62 |year=2007 |pmid=17457168 |pmc=1877058 |doi=10.1097/01.sla.0000251366.62632.d3 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25181580">{{cite journal |vauthors=Aishima S, Oda Y |title=Pathogenesis and classification of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: different characters of perihilar large duct type versus peripheral small duct type |journal=J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=94–100 |year=2015 |pmid=25181580 |doi=10.1002/jhbp.154 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid28271275">{{cite journal |vauthors=Oliveira IS, Kilcoyne A, Everett JM, Mino-Kenudson M, Harisinghani MG, Ganesan K |title=Cholangiocarcinoma: classification, diagnosis, staging, imaging features, and management |journal=Abdom Radiol (NY) |volume=42 |issue=6 |pages=1637–1649 |year=2017 |pmid=28271275 |doi=10.1007/s00261-017-1094-7 |url=}}</ref>
**Intrahepatic bile duct cancer
**[[Intrahepatic bile ducts|Intrahepatic bile duct]] cancer
**Perihilar bile duct cancer
**Perihilar [[bile duct]] cancer
**Extrahepatic bile duct cancer
**[[Extrahepatic bile ducts|Extrahepatic bile duct]] cancer
*Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma may be classified according to gross and histological features into four subtypes:<ref name="pmid21191517">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nakanuma Y, Sato Y, Harada K, Sasaki M, Xu J, Ikeda H |title=Pathological classification of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma based on a new concept |journal=World J Hepatol |volume=2 |issue=12 |pages=419–27 |year=2010 |pmid=21191517 |pmc=3010511 |doi=10.4254/wjh.v2.i12.419 |url=}}</ref>
===Cellular Classification of Cholangiocarcinoma===
**'''Conventional type (bile duct type type)'''
'''Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer'''
***Small bile duct type (peripheral type)
*Mass-forming tumor growth pattern
***Large bile duct type (perihilar type)
*Periductal-infiltrating tumor growth pattern
**'''Bile ductular type'''
*Mixed mass-forming and periductal-infiltrating growth pattern
**'''Intraductal type'''
***Papillary type
***Tubular type
***Superficial spreading type
**'''Rare variants'''
***Squamous/adenosquamous cell type
***Mucinous/signet ring cell
***Clear cell type
***Undifferentiated type
***Lymphoepithelial type
***Others


 
'''Perihilar Bile Duct Cancer'''
'''Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer'''
*[[Carcinoma]] in situ
*Carcinoma in situ
*Adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (NOS)
*Adenocarcinoma
*Adenocarcinoma
:*Intestinal type
:*[[Intestinal]] type
:*Mucinous type
:*[[Mucinous]] type
:*Clear cell type
:*[[Clear cell tumor|Clear cell]] type
*Signet-ring cell carcinoma
*Signet-ring cell carcinoma
*Adenosquamous carcinoma
*Adenosquamous carcinoma
*Squamous cell carcinoma
*[[Squamous cell]] carcinoma
*Small cell (oat cell) carcinoma
*[[Small cell]] (oat cell) carcinoma
*Undifferentiated carcinoma
*Undifferentiated carcinoma
:*Spindle cell type
:*[[Spindle cells|Spindle cell]] type
:*Giant cell type
:*[[Giant cell]] type
:*Small cell type
:*[[Small cell]] type
*Papillomatosis
*[[Papillomatosis]]
*Papillary carcinoma
*Papillary carcinoma
:*Noninvasive
:*[[Noninvasive]]
*Papillary carcinoma
:*[[Invasive]]
*:Invasive
*Carcinoma, NOS
*Carcinoma, NOS


'''Perihilar Bile Duct Cancer'''
'''Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer'''
*Carcinoma in situ
*Carcinoma in situ
*Adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (NOS)
*[[Adenocarcinoma]], not otherwise specified (NOS)
*Adenocarcinoma
*Adenocarcinoma
:*Intestinal type
:*[[Intestinal]] type
:*Mucinous type
:*Mucinous type
:*Clear cell type
:*Clear cell type
*Signet-ring cell carcinoma
*Signet-ring cell carcinoma
*Adenosquamous carcinoma
*[[Adenosquamous carcinoma]]
*Squamous cell carcinoma
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma]]
*Small cell (oat cell) carcinoma
*[[Small cell]] (oat cell) carcinoma
*Undifferentiated carcinoma
*Undifferentiated carcinoma
:*Spindle cell type
:*[[Spindle cell]] type
:*Giant cell type
:*[[Giant cell]] type
:*Small cell type
:*[[Small cell]] type
*Papillomatosis
*[[Papillomatosis]]
*Papillary carcinoma
*Papillary carcinoma
:*Noninvasive
:*Noninvasive
:*Invasive
*Papillary carcinoma
*Carcinoma, NOS
**[[Invasive]]
 
'''Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer'''
*Mass-forming tumor growth pattern
*Periductal-infiltrating tumor growth pattern
*Mixed mass-forming and periductal-infiltrating growth pattern
 
*Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma may be classified according to Bismuth-Corlette classification into five subtypes based on the extent of ductal infiltration:<ref name=radio>Cholangiocarcinoma. Radiopaedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/bismuth-corlette-classification</ref>
 
'''Type I:'''  Limited to the common hepatic duct, below the level of the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts
 
'''Type II:'''  Involves the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts
 
'''Type IIIa:'''  Type II and extends to the bifurcation of the right hepatic duct
 
'''Type IIIb:'''  Type II and extends to the bifurcation of the left hepatic duct


'''Type IV:''' Extending to the bifurcations of both right and left hepatic duct or multifocal involvement


'''Type V:'''  Stricture at the junction of common bile duct and cystic duct
'''Bismuth-Corlette classification'''
*'''Type I:''' [[Tumor|Tumors]] are distal to the hepatic duct confluence  
*'''Type II:''' Neoplasms extend to and involve the hepatic duct confluence
*'''Type IIIA:''' Tumors involve the hepatic duct confluence and either the proximal right hepatic duct
*'''Type IIIB:''' Tumors involve the hepatic duct confluence and either the proximal left hepatic duct
*'''Type IV:''' Tumors extend into the [[bilateral]] proximal hepatic ducts up to the segmental [[Bile duct|bile ducts]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
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Latest revision as of 14:44, 12 February 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2] [3], Suveenkrishna Pothuru, M.B,B.S. [4]

Overview

Cholangiocarcinoma may be classified according to location of the tumor into three subtypes of Intrahepatic bile duct cancer, perihilar bile duct cancer, and extrahepatic bile duct cancer.

Classification

Cellular Classification of Cholangiocarcinoma

Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer

  • Mass-forming tumor growth pattern
  • Periductal-infiltrating tumor growth pattern
  • Mixed mass-forming and periductal-infiltrating growth pattern

Perihilar Bile Duct Cancer

  • Signet-ring cell carcinoma
  • Adenosquamous carcinoma
  • Squamous cell carcinoma
  • Small cell (oat cell) carcinoma
  • Undifferentiated carcinoma
  • Carcinoma, NOS

Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer

  • Carcinoma in situ
  • Adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (NOS)
  • Adenocarcinoma
  • Noninvasive


Bismuth-Corlette classification

  • Type I: Tumors are distal to the hepatic duct confluence
  • Type II: Neoplasms extend to and involve the hepatic duct confluence
  • Type IIIA: Tumors involve the hepatic duct confluence and either the proximal right hepatic duct
  • Type IIIB: Tumors involve the hepatic duct confluence and either the proximal left hepatic duct
  • Type IV: Tumors extend into the bilateral proximal hepatic ducts up to the segmental bile ducts

References

  1. ↑ DeOliveira ML, Cunningham SC, Cameron JL, Kamangar F, Winter JM, Lillemoe KD, Choti MA, Yeo CJ, Schulick RD (2007). "Cholangiocarcinoma: thirty-one-year experience with 564 patients at a single institution". Ann. Surg. 245 (5): 755–62. doi:10.1097/01.sla.0000251366.62632.d3. PMC 1877058. PMID 17457168.
  2. ↑ Aishima S, Oda Y (2015). "Pathogenesis and classification of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: different characters of perihilar large duct type versus peripheral small duct type". J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 22 (2): 94–100. doi:10.1002/jhbp.154. PMID 25181580.
  3. ↑ Oliveira IS, Kilcoyne A, Everett JM, Mino-Kenudson M, Harisinghani MG, Ganesan K (2017). "Cholangiocarcinoma: classification, diagnosis, staging, imaging features, and management". Abdom Radiol (NY). 42 (6): 1637–1649. doi:10.1007/s00261-017-1094-7. PMID 28271275.
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