Cryoglobulinemia classification: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Cryoglobulinemia is classically grouped into three types according to the Brouet classification. These are type 1, type 2 and type 3. | |||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
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! colspan="3" |Types of cryoglobulinemia | ! colspan="3" |Types of cryoglobulinemia | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan=" | | rowspan="2" |'''Associated diseases''' | ||
|Type 1 | |Type 1 | ||
|Type 2 | |Type 2 | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
* Lymphoproliferative or plasma proliferative disorders(LPD) | * Lymphoproliferative or plasma proliferative disorders(LPD) | ||
* Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) | * Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) | ||
| | | | ||
* Hepatitis C virus | |||
* Connective tissue disease | |||
* Idiopathic | |||
* LPD | |||
| | | | ||
* Hepatitis C virus | |||
* Connective tissue disease | |||
* Idiopathic | |||
* Other infections | |||
|} | |} | ||
===Type I=== | ===Type I=== | ||
* '''Type I''' is is a monoclonal immunoglobulin and is most commonly encountered in patients with a [[plasma cell dyscrasia]] such as [[multiple myeloma]] or [[Waldenström macroglobulinemia|Waldenström macroglobulinemia.]]<ref name="Ferri2002">{{cite journal |author=Ferri C, Zignego AL, Pileri SA |title=Cryoglobulins |journal=J. Clin. Pathol. |volume=55 |issue=1 |pages=4–13 |year=2002 |pmid=11825916 |doi=}}</ref> | |||
* It can lead to a glomerulopathy that is distinct from light chain disease in amyloidosis. | |||
===Type II=== | ===Type II=== | ||
* '''Type II''' is essential mixed cryoglobulinemia and the cryoglobulins are a polyclonal IgG and a momoclonal IgM rheumatoid factor directed against IgG. | |||
* Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), HIV and Hepatitis B have been implicated but the majority is due to Hepatitis C (HCV). | |||
'''Type | ===Type III=== | ||
* '''Type III''' is also a mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) where both the IgG and IgM are polyclonal. | |||
* It is seen in various autoimmune disorders and lymphoreticular disease as well as hepatitis C in almost 50%. | |||
It is seen in various autoimmune disorders and lymphoreticular disease as well as hepatitis C in almost 50% | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 23:36, 30 April 2018
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Cryoglobulinemia Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Case Studies |
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Cryoglobulinemia classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Cryoglobulinemia classification |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Cryoglobulinemia classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Feham Tariq, MD [2]
Overview
Cryoglobulinemia is classically grouped into three types according to the Brouet classification. These are type 1, type 2 and type 3.
Classification
Cryoglobulinemia is classically grouped into three types according to the Brouet classification.[1]
| Types of cryoglobulinemia | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Associated diseases | Type 1 | Type 2 | Type 3 |
|
|
| |
Type I
- Type I is is a monoclonal immunoglobulin and is most commonly encountered in patients with a plasma cell dyscrasia such as multiple myeloma or Waldenström macroglobulinemia.[2]
- It can lead to a glomerulopathy that is distinct from light chain disease in amyloidosis.
Type II
- Type II is essential mixed cryoglobulinemia and the cryoglobulins are a polyclonal IgG and a momoclonal IgM rheumatoid factor directed against IgG.
- Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), HIV and Hepatitis B have been implicated but the majority is due to Hepatitis C (HCV).
Type III
- Type III is also a mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) where both the IgG and IgM are polyclonal.
- It is seen in various autoimmune disorders and lymphoreticular disease as well as hepatitis C in almost 50%.