Kidney stone risk factors: Difference between revisions

	Kidney stone Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Kidney stone from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X Ray
Ultrasonography
CT
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Kidney stone risk factors On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Kidney stone risk factors All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Kidney stone risk factors
CDC on Kidney stone risk factors
Kidney stone risk factors in the news
Blogs onKidney stone risk factors
Directions to Hospitals Treating Kidney stone
Risk calculators and risk factors for Kidney stone risk factors

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 00:36, 22 June 2018

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2]

Overview

Common risk factors in the development of nephrolithiasis include dietary habits, low urinary pH, hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, hyperuricemia, hyperuricosuria, obesity, diabetes mellitus, environmental factors such as hot climate, drugs such as thiazide, furosemide, sulfadiazine, indinavir. Less common risk factors in the development of nephrolithiasis include hypocitraturia, beverage use, drugs like ciprofloxacin and triamterene.

Risk Factors

Common Risk Factors

Common risk factors in the development of nephrolithiasis include:^[1]
- Dietary habits
- Low urinary pH
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypercalciuria
- Hyperoxaluria
- Hyperuricemia
- Hyperuricosuria
- Metabolic syndrome
- Obesity
- Diabetes mellitus
- Environmental - such as hot climate
- Drugs^[2]

Less Common Risk Factors

Less common risk factors in the development of nephrolithiasis include:^[1]
- Hypocitraturia
- Beverage use
- Drugs^[2]
  - Ciprofloxacin
  - Triamterene

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Romero V, Akpinar H, Assimos DG (2010). "Kidney stones: a global picture of prevalence, incidence, and associated risk factors". Rev Urol. 12 (2–3): e86–96. PMC 2931286. PMID 20811557.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Matlaga BR, Shah OD, Assimos DG (2003). "Drug-induced urinary calculi". Rev Urol. 5 (4): 227–31. PMC 1508366. PMID 16985842.

Template:WH Template:WS

[pmid20811557-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Romero V, Akpinar H, Assimos DG (2010). "Kidney stones: a global picture of prevalence, incidence, and associated risk factors". Rev Urol. 12 (2–3): e86–96. PMC 2931286. PMID 20811557.

[pmid16985842-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Matlaga BR, Shah OD, Assimos DG (2003). "Drug-induced urinary calculi". Rev Urol. 5 (4): 227–31. PMC 1508366. PMID 16985842.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 {{Kidney stone}}
-{{CMG}}; {{AE}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{ADS}}
 ==Overview==
-The most potent risk factor in the development of [disease name] is [risk factor 1]. Other risk factors include [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
+Common risk factors in the development of nephrolithiasis include dietary habits, low urinary pH, [[hypercalcemia]], [[hypercalciuria]], [[hyperoxaluria]], [[hyperuricemia]], [[hyperuricosuria]], [[obesity]], [[diabetes mellitus]], environmental factors such as hot climate, drugs such as [[thiazide]], [[furosemide]], [[sulfadiazine]], [[indinavir]]. Less common risk factors in the development of nephrolithiasis  include [[hypocitraturia]], beverage use, drugs like [[ciprofloxacin]] and [[triamterene]].
-OR
-Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
-OR
-Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.
 ==Risk Factors==
-*The most potent risk factor in the development of [disease name] is [risk factor 1]. Other risk factors include [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
-*Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
 ===Common Risk Factors===
-*Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.
+*Common risk factors in the development of nephrolithiasis include:<ref name="pmid20811557">{{cite journal |vauthors=Romero V, Akpinar H, Assimos DG |title=Kidney stones: a global picture of prevalence, incidence, and associated risk factors |journal=Rev Urol |volume=12 |issue=2-3 |pages=e86–96 |date=2010 |pmid=20811557 |pmc=2931286 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
-*Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include:
+**Dietary habits
-**[Risk factor 1]
+**Low urinary pH
-**[Risk factor 2]
+**[[Hypercalcemia]]
-**[Risk factor 3]
+**[[Hypercalciuria]]
+**[[Hyperoxaluria]]
+**[[Hyperuricemia]]
+**[[Hyperuricosuria]]
+**[[Metabolic syndrome]]
+**[[Obesity]]
+**[[Diabetes mellitus]]
+**Environmental - such as hot climate
+**Drugs<ref name="pmid16985842">{{cite journal |vauthors=Matlaga BR, Shah OD, Assimos DG |title=Drug-induced urinary calculi |journal=Rev Urol |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=227–31 |date=2003 |pmid=16985842 |pmc=1508366 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
+***[[Thiazide]]
+***[[Furosemide]]
+***[[Sulfadiazine]]
+***[[Indinavir]]
 ===Less Common Risk Factors===
-*Less common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include:
+*Less common risk factors in the development of nephrolithiasis include:<ref name="pmid20811557" />
-**[Risk factor 1]
+**[[Hypocitraturia]]
-**[Risk factor 2]
+**Beverage use
-**[Risk factor 3]
+**Drugs<ref name="pmid16985842" />
+***[[Ciprofloxacin]]
+***[[Triamterene]]
 ==References==