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{{ Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria }}
{{Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria}}
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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AEL}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
Common symptoms of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria include fatigue, [[dyspnea]], [[headaches]], [[abdominal pain]], [[dysphagia]] and [[chest pain]]. Less common symptoms may include necrotic skin lesions.


==History and Symptoms==
==History and Symptoms==
Quite paradoxically, the destruction of red blood cells ([[hemolysis]]) is neither paroxysmal nor nocturnal the majority of the time (this constellation of symptoms is seen in only 25% of patients). Patients with PNH manifest the clinical and laboratory signs of chronic hemolytic anemia.
===History===
Patients with PNH may have a positive history of:
* Feeling tired/ weak
* Shortness of breath
* Dark colored urine
* Jaundice
* Blood clots
* Difficulty swallowing
* Chest pain
* Abdominal pain
* Headaches
* Confusion
* Dysphagia
* [[Erectile dysfunction]]
* Low blood cell counts
* Iron deficiency
 
===Common Symptoms===
Common symptoms of PNH include:<ref name="pmid16051736">{{cite journal| author=Parker C, Omine M, Richards S, Nishimura J, Bessler M, Ware R et al.| title=Diagnosis and management of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. | journal=Blood | year= 2005 | volume= 106 | issue= 12 | pages= 3699-709 | pmid=16051736 | doi=10.1182/blood-2005-04-1717 | pmc=1895106 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16051736  }}</ref>
* Due to hemolysis 
*# Fatigue
*# Dyspnea
*# Jaundice
 
* Due to thrombosis:
*# Headaches
*# Confusion
*# Abdominal pain
*# Chest pain
 
* Due to [[nitric oxide]] depletion:
*# [[Dysphagia]]
*# [[Chest pain]]
*# [[Abdominal pain]]
*# Erectile dysfunction


Symptoms of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria include:
===Less Common Symptoms===
* Abdominal pain
Less common symptoms of PNH include:  
* Back pain
* [[Necrotic]] [[skin]] lesions
* Blood clots
* Dark urine
* Easy bruising or bleeding
* Weakness
* Headache
* Shortness of breath


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Category:Hematology]]
[[Category:Rheumatology]]
[[Category:Mature chapter]]


{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
[[Category: (name of the system)]]

Latest revision as of 21:30, 1 November 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]

Overview

Common symptoms of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria include fatigue, dyspnea, headaches, abdominal pain, dysphagia and chest pain. Less common symptoms may include necrotic skin lesions.

History and Symptoms

History

Patients with PNH may have a positive history of:

  • Feeling tired/ weak
  • Shortness of breath
  • Dark colored urine
  • Jaundice
  • Blood clots
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Chest pain
  • Abdominal pain
  • Headaches
  • Confusion
  • Dysphagia
  • Erectile dysfunction
  • Low blood cell counts
  • Iron deficiency

Common Symptoms

Common symptoms of PNH include:[1]

  • Due to hemolysis
    1. Fatigue
    2. Dyspnea
    3. Jaundice
  • Due to thrombosis:
    1. Headaches
    2. Confusion
    3. Abdominal pain
    4. Chest pain

Less Common Symptoms

Less common symptoms of PNH include:

References

  1. ↑ Parker C, Omine M, Richards S, Nishimura J, Bessler M, Ware R; et al. (2005). "Diagnosis and management of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria". Blood. 106 (12): 3699–709. doi:10.1182/blood-2005-04-1717. PMC 1895106. PMID 16051736.

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