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__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Neuroblastoma}}
{{Neuroblastoma}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{ZAS}}{{HL}}
==CT==
*Computed tomography (CT): CT scan can confirm the location of the cancer and show the organs nearby. This allows doctors to find the neuroblastoma and spot whether it has spread to the bones and/or other parts of the body. CT scans can be useful to look for neuroblastoma in the abdomen, pelvis, and chest.


'''CT images demonstrate a large neuroblastoma'''
==Overview==
[[Computed tomography|CT scan]] of the [[neck]], [[chest]] and [[abdomen]] is the gold standard test in neuroblastoma as it can localize the [[tumor]] and determine degree of involvement as well. [[Computed tomography|CT scan]] in neuroblastoma can show the presence of; [[heterogeneous]] [[mass]], [[calcification]], [[necrosis]], compression of surrounding [[vessels]], [[invasion]] of [[psoas]] [[muscle]] & [[Kidney|kidneys]] and [[Edema|swollen]] [[Lymph node|lymph nodes]].
 
==CT scan==
* [[CT scan]] of the [[neck]], [[chest]] and [[abdomen]] is the gold standard test for neuroblastoma.<ref name="pmid21736987">{{cite journal| author=Colon NC, Chung DH| title=Neuroblastoma. | journal=Adv Pediatr | year= 2011 | volume= 58 | issue= 1 | pages= 297-311 | pmid=21736987 | doi=10.1016/j.yapd.2011.03.011 | pmc=PMC3668791 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21736987  }} </ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| author = [[Nadja C. Colon]] & [[Dai H. Chung]]
| title = Neuroblastoma
| journal = [[Advances in pediatrics]]
| volume = 58
| issue = 1
| pages = 297–311
| year = 2011
| month =
| doi = 10.1016/j.yapd.2011.03.011
| pmid = 21736987
}}</ref>
* [[CT scan]] can localize the [[tumor]] and determine degree of involvement simultaneously.
*CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of neuroblastoma. Findings on CT scan suggestive of neuroblastoma include: :<ref name="radio">Neuroblastoma. Radiopaedia (2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/neuroblastoma Accessed on October, 8 2015</ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| author = [[Georgia Papaioannou]] & [[Kieran McHugh]]
| title = Neuroblastoma in childhood: review and radiological findings
| journal = [[Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society]]
| volume = 5
| pages = 116–127
| year = 2005
| month = September
| doi = 10.1102/1470-7330.2005.0104
| pmid = 16305949
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| author = [[Maureen Dumba]], [[Noorulhuda Jawad]] & [[Kieran McHugh]]
| title = Neuroblastoma and nephroblastoma: a radiological review
| journal = [[Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society]]
| volume = 15
| pages = 5
| year = 2015
| month = April
| doi = 10.1186/s40644-015-0040-6
| pmid = 25889326
}}</ref>
:* [[Heterogeneous]] [[mass]]
:* [[Calcification]]
:* [[Necrosis]]
:* Compression of the surrounding [[vessels]]
:* [[Invasion]] of the [[psoas]] [[muscle]] or [[kidney]]s
:* [[Swollen]] [[lymph node]]s
 
==Gallery==


<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:
Image:
CT scan neuroblastoma.jpg|Neuroblastoma observed on transverse [[abdominal]] CT scan <ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Dr Hani Al Salam [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/neuroblastoma-6 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>


Neuroblastoma 101.jpg
Image:
CT thorax neuroblastoma.jpg|Neuroblastoma observed as a large right enhancing mass with central hypo-attenuation on transverse [[thoracic]] CT scan<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Dr. Gagandeep Singh [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/thoracic-neuroblastoma-1 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref> 


Image:
Image:
CT scan neuroblastoma thorax.jpeg|Neuroblastoma observed as a large right enhancing mass with central hypo-attenuation on coronal thoracic CT scan<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Dr David Cuete [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/thoracic-neuroblastoma-2 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>


Neuroblastoma 102.jpg
Image:
CT scan neuroblastoma coronal CT.jpg|Neuroblastoma observed as a large right enhancing mass with central hypoattenuation on coronal thoracic CT scan<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Dr Gagandeep Singh [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/thoracic-neuroblastoma-1 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>


Image:
Image:
CT scan neuroblastoma saggital.jpg|Neuroblastoma observed as a right suprarenal mass with an abundant calcification on sagittal CT scan<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Dr Ahmed Abd Rabou [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/neuroblastoma-12 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>


Neuroblastoma 103.jpg
Image:
CT scan brain neurblastoma metastesis.jpg|Neuroblastoma observed on head CT scan as lytic deposit noted in the right fronto-parietal skull due to metastatic spread<ref name="radio">
Image courtesy of Dr Ahmed Abd Rabou [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/neuroblastoma-with-cns-metastases "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]/ref>


Image:
CT scan Neuroblastoma brain mets.jpg|Neuroblastoma observed on CT scan associated with multiple osseous lytic metastases involving the calvaria, skull base, orbit, and mandible with epidural and extra cranial extension<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Dr Ahmed Abd Rabou [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/neuroblastoma-with-cns-metastases "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>
</gallery>
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
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Latest revision as of 15:35, 7 March 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zahir Ali Shaikh, MD[2]Haytham Allaham, M.D. [3]

Overview

CT scan of the neck, chest and abdomen is the gold standard test in neuroblastoma as it can localize the tumor and determine degree of involvement as well. CT scan in neuroblastoma can show the presence of; heterogeneous mass, calcification, necrosis, compression of surrounding vessels, invasion of psoas muscle & kidneys and swollen lymph nodes.

CT scan

  • CT scan of the neck, chest and abdomen is the gold standard test for neuroblastoma.[1][2]
  • CT scan can localize the tumor and determine degree of involvement simultaneously.
  • CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of neuroblastoma. Findings on CT scan suggestive of neuroblastoma include: :[3][4][5]

Gallery

  • Neuroblastoma observed on transverse abdominal CT scan [3]
    Neuroblastoma observed on transverse abdominal CT scan [3]
  • Neuroblastoma observed as a large right enhancing mass with central hypo-attenuation on transverse thoracic CT scan[3]
    Neuroblastoma observed as a large right enhancing mass with central hypo-attenuation on transverse thoracic CT scan[3]
  • Neuroblastoma observed as a large right enhancing mass with central hypo-attenuation on coronal thoracic CT scan[3]
    Neuroblastoma observed as a large right enhancing mass with central hypo-attenuation on coronal thoracic CT scan[3]
  • Neuroblastoma observed as a large right enhancing mass with central hypoattenuation on coronal thoracic CT scan[3]
    Neuroblastoma observed as a large right enhancing mass with central hypoattenuation on coronal thoracic CT scan[3]
  • Neuroblastoma observed as a right suprarenal mass with an abundant calcification on sagittal CT scan[3]
    Neuroblastoma observed as a right suprarenal mass with an abundant calcification on sagittal CT scan[3]
  • Neuroblastoma observed on head CT scan as lytic deposit noted in the right fronto-parietal skull due to metastatic spread<ref name="radio">
    Neuroblastoma observed on head CT scan as lytic deposit noted in the right fronto-parietal skull due to metastatic spread<ref name="radio">
  • Neuroblastoma observed on CT scan associated with multiple osseous lytic metastases involving the calvaria, skull base, orbit, and mandible with epidural and extra cranial extension[3]
    Neuroblastoma observed on CT scan associated with multiple osseous lytic metastases involving the calvaria, skull base, orbit, and mandible with epidural and extra cranial extension[3]

References

  1. ↑ Colon NC, Chung DH (2011). "Neuroblastoma". Adv Pediatr. 58 (1): 297–311. doi:10.1016/j.yapd.2011.03.011. PMC 3668791. PMID 21736987.
  2. ↑ Nadja C. Colon & Dai H. Chung (2011). "Neuroblastoma". Advances in pediatrics. 58 (1): 297–311. doi:10.1016/j.yapd.2011.03.011. PMID 21736987.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Neuroblastoma. Radiopaedia (2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/neuroblastoma Accessed on October, 8 2015
  4. ↑ Georgia Papaioannou & Kieran McHugh (2005). "Neuroblastoma in childhood: review and radiological findings". Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society. 5: 116–127. doi:10.1102/1470-7330.2005.0104. PMID 16305949. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ↑ Maureen Dumba, Noorulhuda Jawad & Kieran McHugh (2015). "Neuroblastoma and nephroblastoma: a radiological review". Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society. 15: 5. doi:10.1186/s40644-015-0040-6. PMID 25889326. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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