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__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Hairy cell leukemia}}
{{Hairy cell leukemia}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{HL}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{HL}}; {{GRR}} {{Nat}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of [[hairy cell leukemia]] include abnormal [[complete blood count]], [[immunohistochemistry]], and flow cytometry. The presence of hairy cells with thread-like [[cytoplasmic]] extensions on blood smear is a key diagnostic feature among patients with hairy cell leukemia.
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of [[hairy cell leukemia]] include abnormal [[complete blood count]], [[immunohistochemistry]], and [[flow cytometry]]. The presence of hairy cells with thread-like [[cytoplasmic]] extensions on blood smear is a key diagnostic feature among patients with hairy cell leukemia.


==Laboratory Findings==
==Laboratory Findings==
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of [[hairy cell leukemia]] include:<ref name="GreverAbdel-Wahab20174">{{cite journal|last1=Grever|first1=Michael R.|last2=Abdel-Wahab|first2=Omar|last3=Andritsos|first3=Leslie A.|last4=Banerji|first4=Versha|last5=Barrientos|first5=Jacqueline|last6=Blachly|first6=James S.|last7=Call|first7=Timothy G.|last8=Catovsky|first8=Daniel|last9=Dearden|first9=Claire|last10=Demeter|first10=Judit|last11=Else|first11=Monica|last12=Forconi|first12=Francesco|last13=Gozzetti|first13=Alessandro|last14=Ho|first14=Anthony D.|last15=Johnston|first15=James B.|last16=Jones|first16=Jeffrey|last17=Juliusson|first17=Gunnar|last18=Kraut|first18=Eric|last19=Kreitman|first19=Robert J.|last20=Larratt|first20=Loree|last21=Lauria|first21=Francesco|last22=Lozanski|first22=Gerard|last23=Montserrat|first23=Emili|last24=Parikh|first24=Sameer A.|last25=Park|first25=Jae H.|last26=Polliack|first26=Aaron|last27=Quest|first27=Graeme R.|last28=Rai|first28=Kanti R.|last29=Ravandi|first29=Farhad|last30=Robak|first30=Tadeusz|last31=Saven|first31=Alan|last32=Seymour|first32=John F.|last33=Tadmor|first33=Tamar|last34=Tallman|first34=Martin S.|last35=Tam|first35=Constantine|last36=Tiacci|first36=Enrico|last37=Troussard|first37=Xavier|last38=Zent|first38=Clive S.|last39=Zenz|first39=Thorsten|last40=Zinzani|first40=Pier Luigi|last41=Falini|first41=Brunangelo|title=Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with classic hairy cell leukemia|journal=Blood|volume=129|issue=5|year=2017|pages=553–560|issn=0006-4971|doi=10.1182/blood-2016-01-689422}}</ref><ref name="pmid7519510">{{cite journal |vauthors=Frassoldati A, Lamparelli T, Federico M, Annino L, Capnist G, Pagnucco G, Dini E, Resegotti L, Damasio EE, Silingardi V |title=Hairy cell leukemia: a clinical review based on 725 cases of the Italian Cooperative Group (ICGHCL). Italian Cooperative Group for Hairy Cell Leukemia |journal=Leuk. Lymphoma |volume=13 |issue=3-4 |pages=307–16 |date=April 1994 |pmid=7519510 |doi=10.3109/10428199409056295 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid717940">{{cite journal |vauthors=Golomb HM, Catovsky D, Golde DW |title=Hairy cell leukemia: a clinical review based on 71 cases |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=89 |issue=5 Pt 1 |pages=677–83 |date=November 1978 |pmid=717940 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of [[hairy cell leukemia]] include:<ref name="GreverAbdel-Wahab20174">{{cite journal|last1=Grever|first1=Michael R.|last2=Abdel-Wahab|first2=Omar|last3=Andritsos|first3=Leslie A.|last4=Banerji|first4=Versha|last5=Barrientos|first5=Jacqueline|last6=Blachly|first6=James S.|last7=Call|first7=Timothy G.|last8=Catovsky|first8=Daniel|last9=Dearden|first9=Claire|last10=Demeter|first10=Judit|last11=Else|first11=Monica|last12=Forconi|first12=Francesco|last13=Gozzetti|first13=Alessandro|last14=Ho|first14=Anthony D.|last15=Johnston|first15=James B.|last16=Jones|first16=Jeffrey|last17=Juliusson|first17=Gunnar|last18=Kraut|first18=Eric|last19=Kreitman|first19=Robert J.|last20=Larratt|first20=Loree|last21=Lauria|first21=Francesco|last22=Lozanski|first22=Gerard|last23=Montserrat|first23=Emili|last24=Parikh|first24=Sameer A.|last25=Park|first25=Jae H.|last26=Polliack|first26=Aaron|last27=Quest|first27=Graeme R.|last28=Rai|first28=Kanti R.|last29=Ravandi|first29=Farhad|last30=Robak|first30=Tadeusz|last31=Saven|first31=Alan|last32=Seymour|first32=John F.|last33=Tadmor|first33=Tamar|last34=Tallman|first34=Martin S.|last35=Tam|first35=Constantine|last36=Tiacci|first36=Enrico|last37=Troussard|first37=Xavier|last38=Zent|first38=Clive S.|last39=Zenz|first39=Thorsten|last40=Zinzani|first40=Pier Luigi|last41=Falini|first41=Brunangelo|title=Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with classic hairy cell leukemia|journal=Blood|volume=129|issue=5|year=2017|pages=553–560|issn=0006-4971|doi=10.1182/blood-2016-01-689422}}</ref><ref name="pmid7519510">{{cite journal |vauthors=Frassoldati A, Lamparelli T, Federico M, Annino L, Capnist G, Pagnucco G, Dini E, Resegotti L, Damasio EE, Silingardi V |title=Hairy cell leukemia: a clinical review based on 725 cases of the Italian Cooperative Group (ICGHCL). Italian Cooperative Group for Hairy Cell Leukemia |journal=Leuk. Lymphoma |volume=13 |issue=3-4 |pages=307–16 |date=April 1994 |pmid=7519510 |doi=10.3109/10428199409056295 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid717940">{{cite journal |vauthors=Golomb HM, Catovsky D, Golde DW |title=Hairy cell leukemia: a clinical review based on 71 cases |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=89 |issue=5 Pt 1 |pages=677–83 |date=November 1978 |pmid=717940 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21504285">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kraut E |title=Infectious complications in hairy cell leukemia |journal=Leuk. Lymphoma |volume=52 Suppl 2 |issue= |pages=50–2 |date=June 2011 |pmid=21504285 |doi=10.3109/10428194.2011.570819 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid6733679">{{cite journal |vauthors=Westbrook CA, Groopman JE, Golde DW |title=Hairy cell leukemia. Disease pattern and prognosis |journal=Cancer |volume=54 |issue=3 |pages=500–6 |date=August 1984 |pmid=6733679 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


=== Complete Blood Count ===
=== Complete Blood Count ===
Line 14: Line 14:
* Decreased [[WBC]] count
* Decreased [[WBC]] count
* [[Neutropenia]]  
* [[Neutropenia]]  
* Elevated [[Blood urea nitrogen|BUN]](Blood urea nitrogen)
* Elevated [[Blood urea nitrogen|BUN]] (Blood urea nitrogen)
* Abnormal [[liver function tests]]  
* Abnormal [[liver function tests]]  
* [[Hypergammaglobulinemia]] may be positive in small percentage of patients with [[hairy cell leukemia]]
* [[Hypergammaglobulinemia]] may be positive in small percentage of patients with [[hairy cell leukemia]]
* Leukocytosis  
* [[Leukocytosis]]
* Monocytopenia   
* [[Monocytopenia]]  


===Blood Smear===
===Blood Smear===
* Hairy cells with thread-like [[cytoplasmic]] extensions<ref name="GreverAbdel-Wahab20173">{{cite journal|last1=Grever|first1=Michael R.|last2=Abdel-Wahab|first2=Omar|last3=Andritsos|first3=Leslie A.|last4=Banerji|first4=Versha|last5=Barrientos|first5=Jacqueline|last6=Blachly|first6=James S.|last7=Call|first7=Timothy G.|last8=Catovsky|first8=Daniel|last9=Dearden|first9=Claire|last10=Demeter|first10=Judit|last11=Else|first11=Monica|last12=Forconi|first12=Francesco|last13=Gozzetti|first13=Alessandro|last14=Ho|first14=Anthony D.|last15=Johnston|first15=James B.|last16=Jones|first16=Jeffrey|last17=Juliusson|first17=Gunnar|last18=Kraut|first18=Eric|last19=Kreitman|first19=Robert J.|last20=Larratt|first20=Loree|last21=Lauria|first21=Francesco|last22=Lozanski|first22=Gerard|last23=Montserrat|first23=Emili|last24=Parikh|first24=Sameer A.|last25=Park|first25=Jae H.|last26=Polliack|first26=Aaron|last27=Quest|first27=Graeme R.|last28=Rai|first28=Kanti R.|last29=Ravandi|first29=Farhad|last30=Robak|first30=Tadeusz|last31=Saven|first31=Alan|last32=Seymour|first32=John F.|last33=Tadmor|first33=Tamar|last34=Tallman|first34=Martin S.|last35=Tam|first35=Constantine|last36=Tiacci|first36=Enrico|last37=Troussard|first37=Xavier|last38=Zent|first38=Clive S.|last39=Zenz|first39=Thorsten|last40=Zinzani|first40=Pier Luigi|last41=Falini|first41=Brunangelo|title=Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with classic hairy cell leukemia|journal=Blood|volume=129|issue=5|year=2017|pages=553–560|issn=0006-4971|doi=10.1182/blood-2016-01-689422}}</ref>
* Hairy cells with thread-like [[cytoplasmic]] extensions<ref name="GreverAbdel-Wahab20173">{{cite journal|last1=Grever|first1=Michael R.|last2=Abdel-Wahab|first2=Omar|last3=Andritsos|first3=Leslie A.|last4=Banerji|first4=Versha|last5=Barrientos|first5=Jacqueline|last6=Blachly|first6=James S.|last7=Call|first7=Timothy G.|last8=Catovsky|first8=Daniel|last9=Dearden|first9=Claire|last10=Demeter|first10=Judit|last11=Else|first11=Monica|last12=Forconi|first12=Francesco|last13=Gozzetti|first13=Alessandro|last14=Ho|first14=Anthony D.|last15=Johnston|first15=James B.|last16=Jones|first16=Jeffrey|last17=Juliusson|first17=Gunnar|last18=Kraut|first18=Eric|last19=Kreitman|first19=Robert J.|last20=Larratt|first20=Loree|last21=Lauria|first21=Francesco|last22=Lozanski|first22=Gerard|last23=Montserrat|first23=Emili|last24=Parikh|first24=Sameer A.|last25=Park|first25=Jae H.|last26=Polliack|first26=Aaron|last27=Quest|first27=Graeme R.|last28=Rai|first28=Kanti R.|last29=Ravandi|first29=Farhad|last30=Robak|first30=Tadeusz|last31=Saven|first31=Alan|last32=Seymour|first32=John F.|last33=Tadmor|first33=Tamar|last34=Tallman|first34=Martin S.|last35=Tam|first35=Constantine|last36=Tiacci|first36=Enrico|last37=Troussard|first37=Xavier|last38=Zent|first38=Clive S.|last39=Zenz|first39=Thorsten|last40=Zinzani|first40=Pier Luigi|last41=Falini|first41=Brunangelo|title=Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with classic hairy cell leukemia|journal=Blood|volume=129|issue=5|year=2017|pages=553–560|issn=0006-4971|doi=10.1182/blood-2016-01-689422}}</ref><ref name="pmid356959">{{cite journal |vauthors=Golomb HM |title=Hairy cell leukemia: an unusual lymphoproliferative disease: a study of 24 patients |journal=Cancer |volume=42 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=946–56 |date=August 1978 |pmid=356959 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* Positive TRAP stain
* Positive [[TRAP1|TRAP]] stain<ref name="pmid6270794">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bernadou A, Pelletier G, Cadiou M, Giannoni F, James JM, Bilski-Pasquier G |title=[Hairy cell leukemia. I.--Clinical, biological and evolutive study on twenty-eight cases (author's transl)] |language=French |journal=Sem Hop |volume=57 |issue=33-36 |pages=1361–5 |date=1981 |pmid=6270794 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
 
===Immunohistochemistry===
* On immunohistochemistry, characteristic findings of hairy cell leukemia include:<ref name="GreverAbdel-Wahab20172">{{cite journal|last1=Grever|first1=Michael R.|last2=Abdel-Wahab|first2=Omar|last3=Andritsos|first3=Leslie A.|last4=Banerji|first4=Versha|last5=Barrientos|first5=Jacqueline|last6=Blachly|first6=James S.|last7=Call|first7=Timothy G.|last8=Catovsky|first8=Daniel|last9=Dearden|first9=Claire|last10=Demeter|first10=Judit|last11=Else|first11=Monica|last12=Forconi|first12=Francesco|last13=Gozzetti|first13=Alessandro|last14=Ho|first14=Anthony D.|last15=Johnston|first15=James B.|last16=Jones|first16=Jeffrey|last17=Juliusson|first17=Gunnar|last18=Kraut|first18=Eric|last19=Kreitman|first19=Robert J.|last20=Larratt|first20=Loree|last21=Lauria|first21=Francesco|last22=Lozanski|first22=Gerard|last23=Montserrat|first23=Emili|last24=Parikh|first24=Sameer A.|last25=Park|first25=Jae H.|last26=Polliack|first26=Aaron|last27=Quest|first27=Graeme R.|last28=Rai|first28=Kanti R.|last29=Ravandi|first29=Farhad|last30=Robak|first30=Tadeusz|last31=Saven|first31=Alan|last32=Seymour|first32=John F.|last33=Tadmor|first33=Tamar|last34=Tallman|first34=Martin S.|last35=Tam|first35=Constantine|last36=Tiacci|first36=Enrico|last37=Troussard|first37=Xavier|last38=Zent|first38=Clive S.|last39=Zenz|first39=Thorsten|last40=Zinzani|first40=Pier Luigi|last41=Falini|first41=Brunangelo|title=Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with classic hairy cell leukemia|journal=Blood|volume=129|issue=5|year=2017|pages=553–560|issn=0006-4971|doi=10.1182/blood-2016-01-689422}}</ref>
:* [[Annexin A1]] +ve
:* [[CD20]] +ve
:* [[CD25]] +ve
:* [[CD103]] +ve
 
===Flow Cytometry===
* On flow cytometry, characteristic findings of hairy cell leukemia include:<ref name="GreverAbdel-Wahab2017">{{cite journal|last1=Grever|first1=Michael R.|last2=Abdel-Wahab|first2=Omar|last3=Andritsos|first3=Leslie A.|last4=Banerji|first4=Versha|last5=Barrientos|first5=Jacqueline|last6=Blachly|first6=James S.|last7=Call|first7=Timothy G.|last8=Catovsky|first8=Daniel|last9=Dearden|first9=Claire|last10=Demeter|first10=Judit|last11=Else|first11=Monica|last12=Forconi|first12=Francesco|last13=Gozzetti|first13=Alessandro|last14=Ho|first14=Anthony D.|last15=Johnston|first15=James B.|last16=Jones|first16=Jeffrey|last17=Juliusson|first17=Gunnar|last18=Kraut|first18=Eric|last19=Kreitman|first19=Robert J.|last20=Larratt|first20=Loree|last21=Lauria|first21=Francesco|last22=Lozanski|first22=Gerard|last23=Montserrat|first23=Emili|last24=Parikh|first24=Sameer A.|last25=Park|first25=Jae H.|last26=Polliack|first26=Aaron|last27=Quest|first27=Graeme R.|last28=Rai|first28=Kanti R.|last29=Ravandi|first29=Farhad|last30=Robak|first30=Tadeusz|last31=Saven|first31=Alan|last32=Seymour|first32=John F.|last33=Tadmor|first33=Tamar|last34=Tallman|first34=Martin S.|last35=Tam|first35=Constantine|last36=Tiacci|first36=Enrico|last37=Troussard|first37=Xavier|last38=Zent|first38=Clive S.|last39=Zenz|first39=Thorsten|last40=Zinzani|first40=Pier Luigi|last41=Falini|first41=Brunangelo|title=Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with classic hairy cell leukemia|journal=Blood|volume=129|issue=5|year=2017|pages=553–560|issn=0006-4971|doi=10.1182/blood-2016-01-689422}}</ref>
:* [[CD19]] +ve
:* [[CD11c]] +ve
:* [[FMC7]] +ve


===Immunohistochemistry and Flow Cytometry===
* On immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry, characteristic findings of hairy cell leukemia include:<ref name="ShermanHanson20112">{{cite journal|last1=Sherman|first1=Michael J.|last2=Hanson|first2=Curtis A.|last3=Hoyer|first3=James D.|title=An Assessment of the Usefulness of Immunohistochemical Stains in the Diagnosis of Hairy Cell Leukemia|journal=American Journal of Clinical Pathology|volume=136|issue=3|year=2011|pages=390–399|issn=1943-7722|doi=10.1309/AJCP5GE1PSBMBZTW}}</ref><ref name="GreverAbdel-Wahab20172">{{cite journal|last1=Grever|first1=Michael R.|last2=Abdel-Wahab|first2=Omar|last3=Andritsos|first3=Leslie A.|last4=Banerji|first4=Versha|last5=Barrientos|first5=Jacqueline|last6=Blachly|first6=James S.|last7=Call|first7=Timothy G.|last8=Catovsky|first8=Daniel|last9=Dearden|first9=Claire|last10=Demeter|first10=Judit|last11=Else|first11=Monica|last12=Forconi|first12=Francesco|last13=Gozzetti|first13=Alessandro|last14=Ho|first14=Anthony D.|last15=Johnston|first15=James B.|last16=Jones|first16=Jeffrey|last17=Juliusson|first17=Gunnar|last18=Kraut|first18=Eric|last19=Kreitman|first19=Robert J.|last20=Larratt|first20=Loree|last21=Lauria|first21=Francesco|last22=Lozanski|first22=Gerard|last23=Montserrat|first23=Emili|last24=Parikh|first24=Sameer A.|last25=Park|first25=Jae H.|last26=Polliack|first26=Aaron|last27=Quest|first27=Graeme R.|last28=Rai|first28=Kanti R.|last29=Ravandi|first29=Farhad|last30=Robak|first30=Tadeusz|last31=Saven|first31=Alan|last32=Seymour|first32=John F.|last33=Tadmor|first33=Tamar|last34=Tallman|first34=Martin S.|last35=Tam|first35=Constantine|last36=Tiacci|first36=Enrico|last37=Troussard|first37=Xavier|last38=Zent|first38=Clive S.|last39=Zenz|first39=Thorsten|last40=Zinzani|first40=Pier Luigi|last41=Falini|first41=Brunangelo|title=Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with classic hairy cell leukemia|journal=Blood|volume=129|issue=5|year=2017|pages=553–560|issn=0006-4971|doi=10.1182/blood-2016-01-689422}}</ref><ref name="VenkataramanAguhar2011">{{cite journal|last1=Venkataraman|first1=Girish|last2=Aguhar|first2=Christine|last3=Kreitman|first3=Robert J.|last4=Yuan|first4=Constance M.|last5=Stetler-Stevenson|first5=Maryalice|title=Characteristic CD103 and CD123 Expression Pattern Defines Hairy Cell Leukemia|journal=American Journal of Clinical Pathology|volume=136|issue=4|year=2011|pages=625–630|issn=1943-7722|doi=10.1309/AJCPKUM9J4IXCWEU}}</ref><ref name="pmid15183626">{{cite journal |vauthors=Falini B, Tiacci E, Liso A, Basso K, Sabattini E, Pacini R, Foa R, Pulsoni A, Dalla Favera R, Pileri S |title=Simple diagnostic assay for hairy cell leukaemia by immunocytochemical detection of annexin A1 (ANXA1) |journal=Lancet |volume=363 |issue=9424 |pages=1869–70 |date=June 2004 |pmid=15183626 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16356-3 |url=}}</ref>
** [[Annexin A1]] +ve
** VE1+ve(a BRAFV600E stain)<ref name="UppalLy2015">{{cite journal|last1=Uppal|first1=Guldeep|last2=Ly|first2=Vandi|last3=Wang|first3=Zi-Xuan|last4=Bajaj|first4=Renu|last5=Solomides|first5=Charalambos C.|last6=Banks|first6=Peter M.|last7=Medeiros|first7=L. Jeffrey|last8=Peiper|first8=Stephen C.|last9=Gong|first9=Jerald Z.|title=The Utility of BRAF V600E Mutation-Specific Antibody VE1 for the Diagnosis of Hairy Cell Leukemia|journal=American Journal of Clinical Pathology|volume=143|issue=1|year=2015|pages=120–125|issn=1943-7722|doi=10.1309/AJCPQLQ89VXTVWKN}}</ref><ref name="pmid22531170">{{cite journal |vauthors=Andrulis M, Penzel R, Weichert W, von Deimling A, Capper D |title=Application of a BRAF V600E mutation-specific antibody for the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia |journal=Am. J. Surg. Pathol. |volume=36 |issue=12 |pages=1796–800 |date=December 2012 |pmid=22531170 |doi=10.1097/PAS.0b013e3182549b50 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25120816">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang XJ, Kim A, Li S |title=Immunohistochemical analysis using a BRAF V600E mutation specific antibody is highly sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia |journal=Int J Clin Exp Pathol |volume=7 |issue=7 |pages=4323–8 |date=2014 |pmid=25120816 |pmc=4129051 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** T-bet+ve
** [[CD20]] +ve
** [[CD25]] +ve
** [[CD103]] +ve
** CD123 +ve
** [[CD19]] +ve
** [[CD11c]] +ve
** [[FMC7]] +ve
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}

Latest revision as of 17:23, 8 April 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]; Grammar Reviewer: Natalie Harpenau, B.S.[3]

Overview

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia include abnormal complete blood count, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry. The presence of hairy cells with thread-like cytoplasmic extensions on blood smear is a key diagnostic feature among patients with hairy cell leukemia.

Laboratory Findings

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia include:[1][2][3][4][5]

Complete Blood Count

Blood Smear

Immunohistochemistry and Flow Cytometry

References

  1. ↑ Grever, Michael R.; Abdel-Wahab, Omar; Andritsos, Leslie A.; Banerji, Versha; Barrientos, Jacqueline; Blachly, James S.; Call, Timothy G.; Catovsky, Daniel; Dearden, Claire; Demeter, Judit; Else, Monica; Forconi, Francesco; Gozzetti, Alessandro; Ho, Anthony D.; Johnston, James B.; Jones, Jeffrey; Juliusson, Gunnar; Kraut, Eric; Kreitman, Robert J.; Larratt, Loree; Lauria, Francesco; Lozanski, Gerard; Montserrat, Emili; Parikh, Sameer A.; Park, Jae H.; Polliack, Aaron; Quest, Graeme R.; Rai, Kanti R.; Ravandi, Farhad; Robak, Tadeusz; Saven, Alan; Seymour, John F.; Tadmor, Tamar; Tallman, Martin S.; Tam, Constantine; Tiacci, Enrico; Troussard, Xavier; Zent, Clive S.; Zenz, Thorsten; Zinzani, Pier Luigi; Falini, Brunangelo (2017). "Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with classic hairy cell leukemia". Blood. 129 (5): 553–560. doi:10.1182/blood-2016-01-689422. ISSN 0006-4971.
  2. ↑ Frassoldati A, Lamparelli T, Federico M, Annino L, Capnist G, Pagnucco G, Dini E, Resegotti L, Damasio EE, Silingardi V (April 1994). "Hairy cell leukemia: a clinical review based on 725 cases of the Italian Cooperative Group (ICGHCL). Italian Cooperative Group for Hairy Cell Leukemia". Leuk. Lymphoma. 13 (3–4): 307–16. doi:10.3109/10428199409056295. PMID 7519510.
  3. ↑ Golomb HM, Catovsky D, Golde DW (November 1978). "Hairy cell leukemia: a clinical review based on 71 cases". Ann. Intern. Med. 89 (5 Pt 1): 677–83. PMID 717940.
  4. ↑ Kraut E (June 2011). "Infectious complications in hairy cell leukemia". Leuk. Lymphoma. 52 Suppl 2: 50–2. doi:10.3109/10428194.2011.570819. PMID 21504285.
  5. ↑ Westbrook CA, Groopman JE, Golde DW (August 1984). "Hairy cell leukemia. Disease pattern and prognosis". Cancer. 54 (3): 500–6. PMID 6733679.
  6. ↑ Somasundaram V, Purohit A, Aggarwal M, Manivannan P, Mishra P, Seth T, Tyagi S, Mahapatra M, Pati HP, Saxena R (2014). "Hairy cell leukemia: A decade long experience of North Indian Hematology Center". Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 35 (4): 271–5. doi:10.4103/0971-5851.144988. PMC 4264273. PMID 25538404.
  7. ↑ Grever, Michael R.; Abdel-Wahab, Omar; Andritsos, Leslie A.; Banerji, Versha; Barrientos, Jacqueline; Blachly, James S.; Call, Timothy G.; Catovsky, Daniel; Dearden, Claire; Demeter, Judit; Else, Monica; Forconi, Francesco; Gozzetti, Alessandro; Ho, Anthony D.; Johnston, James B.; Jones, Jeffrey; Juliusson, Gunnar; Kraut, Eric; Kreitman, Robert J.; Larratt, Loree; Lauria, Francesco; Lozanski, Gerard; Montserrat, Emili; Parikh, Sameer A.; Park, Jae H.; Polliack, Aaron; Quest, Graeme R.; Rai, Kanti R.; Ravandi, Farhad; Robak, Tadeusz; Saven, Alan; Seymour, John F.; Tadmor, Tamar; Tallman, Martin S.; Tam, Constantine; Tiacci, Enrico; Troussard, Xavier; Zent, Clive S.; Zenz, Thorsten; Zinzani, Pier Luigi; Falini, Brunangelo (2017). "Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with classic hairy cell leukemia". Blood. 129 (5): 553–560. doi:10.1182/blood-2016-01-689422. ISSN 0006-4971.
  8. ↑ Golomb HM (August 1978). "Hairy cell leukemia: an unusual lymphoproliferative disease: a study of 24 patients". Cancer. 42 (2 Suppl): 946–56. PMID 356959.
  9. ↑ Bernadou A, Pelletier G, Cadiou M, Giannoni F, James JM, Bilski-Pasquier G (1981). "[Hairy cell leukemia. I.--Clinical, biological and evolutive study on twenty-eight cases (author's transl)]". Sem Hop (in French). 57 (33–36): 1361–5. PMID 6270794.
  10. ↑ Sherman, Michael J.; Hanson, Curtis A.; Hoyer, James D. (2011). "An Assessment of the Usefulness of Immunohistochemical Stains in the Diagnosis of Hairy Cell Leukemia". American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 136 (3): 390–399. doi:10.1309/AJCP5GE1PSBMBZTW. ISSN 1943-7722.
  11. ↑ Grever, Michael R.; Abdel-Wahab, Omar; Andritsos, Leslie A.; Banerji, Versha; Barrientos, Jacqueline; Blachly, James S.; Call, Timothy G.; Catovsky, Daniel; Dearden, Claire; Demeter, Judit; Else, Monica; Forconi, Francesco; Gozzetti, Alessandro; Ho, Anthony D.; Johnston, James B.; Jones, Jeffrey; Juliusson, Gunnar; Kraut, Eric; Kreitman, Robert J.; Larratt, Loree; Lauria, Francesco; Lozanski, Gerard; Montserrat, Emili; Parikh, Sameer A.; Park, Jae H.; Polliack, Aaron; Quest, Graeme R.; Rai, Kanti R.; Ravandi, Farhad; Robak, Tadeusz; Saven, Alan; Seymour, John F.; Tadmor, Tamar; Tallman, Martin S.; Tam, Constantine; Tiacci, Enrico; Troussard, Xavier; Zent, Clive S.; Zenz, Thorsten; Zinzani, Pier Luigi; Falini, Brunangelo (2017). "Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with classic hairy cell leukemia". Blood. 129 (5): 553–560. doi:10.1182/blood-2016-01-689422. ISSN 0006-4971.
  12. ↑ Venkataraman, Girish; Aguhar, Christine; Kreitman, Robert J.; Yuan, Constance M.; Stetler-Stevenson, Maryalice (2011). "Characteristic CD103 and CD123 Expression Pattern Defines Hairy Cell Leukemia". American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 136 (4): 625–630. doi:10.1309/AJCPKUM9J4IXCWEU. ISSN 1943-7722.
  13. ↑ Falini B, Tiacci E, Liso A, Basso K, Sabattini E, Pacini R, Foa R, Pulsoni A, Dalla Favera R, Pileri S (June 2004). "Simple diagnostic assay for hairy cell leukaemia by immunocytochemical detection of annexin A1 (ANXA1)". Lancet. 363 (9424): 1869–70. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16356-3. PMID 15183626.
  14. ↑ Uppal, Guldeep; Ly, Vandi; Wang, Zi-Xuan; Bajaj, Renu; Solomides, Charalambos C.; Banks, Peter M.; Medeiros, L. Jeffrey; Peiper, Stephen C.; Gong, Jerald Z. (2015). "The Utility of BRAF V600E Mutation-Specific Antibody VE1 for the Diagnosis of Hairy Cell Leukemia". American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 143 (1): 120–125. doi:10.1309/AJCPQLQ89VXTVWKN. ISSN 1943-7722.
  15. ↑ Andrulis M, Penzel R, Weichert W, von Deimling A, Capper D (December 2012). "Application of a BRAF V600E mutation-specific antibody for the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 36 (12): 1796–800. doi:10.1097/PAS.0b013e3182549b50. PMID 22531170.
  16. ↑ Wang XJ, Kim A, Li S (2014). "Immunohistochemical analysis using a BRAF V600E mutation specific antibody is highly sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia". Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 7 (7): 4323–8. PMC 4129051. PMID 25120816.


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