Duchenne muscular dystrophy causes: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Disease name] may be caused by [cause1], [cause2], or [cause3].
Duchenne [[muscular dystrophy]] is caused by a [[mutation]] in the [[dystrophin]] gene which is located on the human [[X chromosome]].  
 
OR
 
Common causes of [disease] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
 
OR
 
The most common cause of [disease name] is [cause 1]. Less common causes of [disease name] include [cause 2], [cause 3], and [cause 4].
 
OR
 
The cause of [disease name] has not been identified. To review risk factors for the development of [disease name], click [[Pericarditis causes#Overview|here]].


==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life-threatening Causes===
*Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. There are no life-threatening causes of [[disease name]], however complications resulting from untreated [[disease name]] is common.
*Life-threatening causes of [symptom/manifestation] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
*[Cause] is a life-threatening cause of [disease].
===Common Causes===
Common causes of [disease name] may include:
*[Cause1]
*[Cause2]
*[Cause3]
OR
*[Disease name] is caused by an infection with [pathogen name].
*[Pathogen name] is caused by [pathogen name].
===Less Common Causes===
Less common causes of [disease name] include:
*[Cause1]
*[Cause2]
*[Cause3]
===Genetic Causes===
===Genetic Causes===
*[Disease name] is caused by a mutation in the [gene name] gene.
*Duchenne [[muscular dystrophy]] is caused by different [[mutations]] in the [[dystrophin]] gene which is located on the human [[X chromosome]] including:<ref name="TowbinHejtmancik1993">{{cite journal|last1=Towbin|first1=J A|last2=Hejtmancik|first2=J F|last3=Brink|first3=P|last4=Gelb|first4=B|last5=Zhu|first5=X M|last6=Chamberlain|first6=J S|last7=McCabe|first7=E R|last8=Swift|first8=M|title=X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy. Molecular genetic evidence of linkage to the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (dystrophin) gene at the Xp21 locus.|journal=Circulation|volume=87|issue=6|year=1993|pages=1854–1865|issn=0009-7322|doi=10.1161/01.CIR.87.6.1854}}</ref><ref name="LindenbaumClarke1979">{{cite journal|last1=Lindenbaum|first1=R H|last2=Clarke|first2=G|last3=Patel|first3=C|last4=Moncrieff|first4=M|last5=Hughes|first5=J T|title=Muscular dystrophy in an X; 1 translocation female suggests that Duchenne locus is on X chromosome short arm.|journal=Journal of Medical Genetics|volume=16|issue=5|year=1979|pages=389–392|issn=1468-6244|doi=10.1136/jmg.16.5.389}}</ref>
 
===Causes by Organ System===
 
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|}


* Single [[gene]] defect
** 1/3 New [[mutation]]
** 2/3 [[X linked inheritance|X-link recessive inheritance]]


===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
* Xp21.2 region
List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order:
* Absent [[dystrophin]]
<div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;">
* Cause 1
* Cause 2
* Cause 3
* Cause 4
* Cause 5
* Cause 6
* Cause 7
* Cause 8
* Cause 9
* Cause 10
</div>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 13:53, 15 May 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.

Overview

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is caused by a mutation in the dystrophin gene which is located on the human X chromosome.

Causes

Genetic Causes

References

  1. ↑ Towbin, J A; Hejtmancik, J F; Brink, P; Gelb, B; Zhu, X M; Chamberlain, J S; McCabe, E R; Swift, M (1993). "X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy. Molecular genetic evidence of linkage to the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (dystrophin) gene at the Xp21 locus". Circulation. 87 (6): 1854–1865. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.87.6.1854. ISSN 0009-7322.
  2. ↑ Lindenbaum, R H; Clarke, G; Patel, C; Moncrieff, M; Hughes, J T (1979). "Muscular dystrophy in an X; 1 translocation female suggests that Duchenne locus is on X chromosome short arm". Journal of Medical Genetics. 16 (5): 389–392. doi:10.1136/jmg.16.5.389. ISSN 1468-6244.

Template:WH Template:WS

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