Fibromuscular dysplasia: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 00:48, 18 September 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-in-Chief: Mohsen Basiri M.D., Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]

Synonyms and keywords: FMD

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Fibromuscular dysplasia from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Case Studies

Case #1

de:Fibromuskuläre Dysplasie

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 '''''Synonyms and keywords:''''' FMD
 == [[Fibromuscular dysplasia overview|Overview]] ==
-The definition of Fibromuscular Dysplasia(FMD) on the [[Medical Subject Headings]] is "an [[idiopathic]], segmental, [[Atheromatous plaque|nonatheromatous]] disease of the [[musculature]] of arterial walls, leading to [[stenosis]] of small and medium-sized [[arteries]]. There is a true [[proliferation]] of [[smooth muscle cell]]<nowiki/>s and [[fibrous tissue]] formation. however, this systemic arteriopathy is a noninflammatory process and is therefore not associated with [[Inflammatory biomarkers predict short-term mortality in patients with peripheral arterial disease|inflammatory biomarkers]].
-According to the definition, FMD is a condition which can involve every vascular bed in the body, therefore it can cause very heterogeneous and extensive spectrum of clinical manifestations from [[asymptomatic]] involvement to devastating consequences and [[morbidity]] and [[mortality]].
-Unlike routine conception that FMD is a rare disease of middle-aged female, current data from the French and US registries showed that the awareness about FMD must be raised, and every health provider at any level should be familiar with suggestive [[symptoms]] and [[signs]] of FMD which is more frequent and more often systematic than previously thought.
 == [[Fibromuscular dysplasia historical perspective|Historical Perspective]] ==
-Fibromuscular dysplasia was first discovered by Leadbetter and Burkland, in 1938 following evaluation of severe hypertension in a 5-year-old boy. The first histopathological description of fibromuscular dysplasia and pathologic classification for this condition was proposed in 1958 and 1971 by McCormack and coworkers.
-Fibromuscular dysplasia with involvement of extrarenal [[arteries]] has been considering in recent years. However numerous aspects of [[molecular biology]] ang [[genetic]] [[etiology]] of this condition remains unanswered, and there are various top research priorities in the field of FMD to improve our understanding of this condition.
 == [[Fibromuscular dysplasia pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]  ==
-In Fibromuscular dysplasia, the proliferation of [[vascular smooth muscle]] of one or more small or medium-sized [[arteries]] undergo [[dysplasia]] and cause [[stenosis]]. this [[abnormal]] [[cellular]] [[development]] is characterized by [[fibrous]] thickening of the [[Tunica intima|intima]], [[Tunica media|media]], or [[adventitia]] of the involved arteries; which ultimately lead to arterial narrowing.
 == [[Fibromuscular dysplasia causes|Causes]] ==
-The cause of fibromuscular dysplasia has not been identified, nevertheless, the disease is more common among the first-degree relatives of patients with FMD, genetic factors may play a role in the development of FMD.
 == [[Fibromuscular dysplasia differential diagnosis|Differentiating Fibromuscular dysplasia from other Diseases]] ==
 == [[Fibromuscular dysplasia epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]] ==
-* The prevalence of FMD in the general population is not known; however, the prevalence of renal artery FMD has been estimated to be as high as 4 per 100 adults.
-* Patients of all age groups may develop FMD, but women are more commonly affected by FMD than men. The women to men ratio is approximately 9:1.5.
 == [[Fibromuscular dysplasia risk factors|Risk Factors]] ==
-There are no established risk factors for fibromuscular dysplasia; however there are evidences that [[cigarette smoking]], [[hypertension]] and other classic risk factors for [[atherosclerosis]] may be risk factors in the development of FMD .
-Meanwhile FMD has a greater [[prevalence]] among women but no definite association has been found between this condition and use of [[Oral contraceptive|oral contraceptives]] or disturbances of [[Sex hormones|endogenous sex hormones]].
-Since the disease is more common among the first-degree relatives of patients with FMD, Genetic factors may play a role in the development of FMD.dysplasia,
 == [[Fibromuscular dysplasia natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]] ==
-* Current knowledge about natural history, the efficacy of medical therapies, complications and prognosis of FMD, are really restricted; however the natural history of FMD is benign.
-* [[Renal]] or cervival artery [[dissection]] and Intracranial [[aneurysms]] [[rupture]] and [[SAH]] are most common complications of FMD
 == Diagnosis ==

Fibromuscular dysplasia: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 00:48, 18 September 2019

Diagnosis

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