Kaposi's sarcoma classification: Difference between revisions
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* Usually seen in areas with high [[prevalence]] of [[HHV-8]] such as sub-Saharan Africa, called, Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated [[herpesvirus]] ([[KSHV]]) | * Usually seen in areas with high [[prevalence]] of [[HHV-8]] such as sub-Saharan Africa, called, Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated [[herpesvirus]] ([[KSHV]]) | ||
*Seropositivity in Sub-Saharan Africa is >50% | *Seropositivity in Sub-Saharan Africa is >50% | ||
* If caused by an undiagnosed [[HIV]] infection, it can be treated by [[antiretroviral]] medications | *If caused by an undiagnosed [[HIV]] infection, it can be treated by [[antiretroviral]] medications | ||
* | *<nowiki/><nowiki/><nowiki/>If caused by [[infection]] other than [[HIV]], it can be treated by [[radiotherapy]] or [[chemotherapy]] | ||
*The limitations of achieving an optimal and affordable [[therapeutic]] approach in sub-Saharan Africa is: | |||
**Resource-limited settings and infrastructure issues such as lack of trained personnel to administer [[chemotherapy]] and lack of [[infusion]] centers, and the inability to monitor blood work, a high rate of co-morbid [[tuberculosis]] | |||
*The limitations of achieving an optimal and affordable [[therapeutic]] approach is: | |||
*Resource-limited settings and infrastructure issues such as lack of trained personnel to administer [[chemotherapy]] and lack of [[infusion]] centers, and the inability to monitor blood work, | |||
*Oral agents such as [[etoposide]] may have the benefit of easing the administration | *Oral agents such as [[etoposide]] may have the benefit of easing the administration | ||
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| Line 64: | Line 59: | ||
* Not related to [[HIV]] | * Not related to [[HIV]] | ||
*Affects the [[skin]] and [[lymph nodes]] | *Affects the [[skin]] and [[lymph nodes]] | ||
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| rowspan="1;" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold;" |[[Iatrogenic]] ([[transplant]]-related) Kaposi's sarcoma ([[immunosuppression]]-associated Kaposi's sarcoma)<ref name="pmid4884743">{{cite journal| author=Siegel JH, Janis R, Alper JC, Schutte H, Robbins L, Blaufox MD| title=Disseminated visceral Kaposi's sarcoma. Appearance after human renal homograft operation. | journal=JAMA | year= 1969 | volume= 207 | issue= 8 | pages= 1493-6 | pmid=4884743 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=4884743 }}</ref><ref name="pmid728865">{{cite journal| author=Klepp O, Dahl O, Stenwig JT| title=Association of Kaposi's sarcoma and prior immunosuppressive therapy: a 5-year material of Kaposi's sarcoma in Norway. | journal=Cancer | year= 1978 | volume= 42 | issue= 6 | pages= 2626-30 | pmid=728865 | doi=10.1002/1097-0142(197812)42:6<2626::aid-cncr2820420618>3.0.co;2-7 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=728865 }}</ref> | | rowspan="1;" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold;" |[[Iatrogenic]] ([[transplant]]-related) Kaposi's sarcoma ([[immunosuppression]]-associated Kaposi's sarcoma)<ref name="pmid4884743">{{cite journal| author=Siegel JH, Janis R, Alper JC, Schutte H, Robbins L, Blaufox MD| title=Disseminated visceral Kaposi's sarcoma. Appearance after human renal homograft operation. | journal=JAMA | year= 1969 | volume= 207 | issue= 8 | pages= 1493-6 | pmid=4884743 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=4884743 }}</ref><ref name="pmid728865">{{cite journal| author=Klepp O, Dahl O, Stenwig JT| title=Association of Kaposi's sarcoma and prior immunosuppressive therapy: a 5-year material of Kaposi's sarcoma in Norway. | journal=Cancer | year= 1978 | volume= 42 | issue= 6 | pages= 2626-30 | pmid=728865 | doi=10.1002/1097-0142(197812)42:6<2626::aid-cncr2820420618>3.0.co;2-7 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=728865 }}</ref> | ||
Latest revision as of 16:00, 4 November 2019
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2] Huda A. Karman, M.D.
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Kaposi's sarcoma Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Kaposi's sarcoma classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Kaposi's sarcoma classification |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Kaposi's sarcoma classification |
Overview
Kaposi's sarcoma may be classified according to the clinical setting of the disease into five subtypes include Classic Kaposi's sarcoma, African cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma, African lymphadenopathic Kaposi's sarcoma, Immunosuppression-associated Kaposi's sarcoma, and AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma.
Classification
- According to the clinical setting of the disease, clinical presentation, epidemiology, and prognosis Kaposi's sarcoma may be classified into five different subtypes[1][2][3]
- African cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma and African lymphadenopathic Kaposi's sarcoma could be classified under the term of endemic Kaposi's sarcomas.
| Types | Characteristics |
|---|---|
| Classic (Mediterranean) Kaposi's sarcoma [4][5][6][7] |
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| Endemic African Kaposi's sarcoma [8] | Common features |
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| African cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma | |
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| African lymphadenopathic Kaposi's sarcoma | |
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| Iatrogenic (transplant-related) Kaposi's sarcoma (immunosuppression-associated Kaposi's sarcoma)[9][10] |
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| (Epidemic) AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma[11][12] |
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References
- ↑ Uldrick TS, Whitby D (June 2011). "Update on KSHV epidemiology, Kaposi Sarcoma pathogenesis, and treatment of Kaposi Sarcoma". Cancer Lett. 305 (2): 150–62. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2011.02.006. PMID 21377267.
- ↑ Krigel RL, Laubenstein LJ, Muggia FM (June 1983). "Kaposi's sarcoma: a new staging classification". Cancer Treat Rep. 67 (6): 531–4. PMID 6861160.
- ↑ Grayson W, Pantanowitz L (July 2008). "Histological variants of cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma". Diagn Pathol. 3: 31. doi:10.1186/1746-1596-3-31. PMC 2526984. PMID 18655700.
- ↑ Vincenzi B, D'Onofrio L, Frezza AM, Grasso RF, Fausti V, Santini D; et al. (2015). "Classic Kaposi Sarcoma: to treat or not to treat?". BMC Res Notes. 8: 138. doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1076-1. PMC 4395989. PMID 25889316.
- ↑ Stratigos, John; Potouridou, Irene; Katoulis, Alexander; Hatziolou, Eftichia; Christofidou, Eleftheria; Stratigos, Alexander; Hatzakis, Angelos; Stavrianeas, Nicholas (1997). "Classic Kaposi's sarcoma in Greece: a clinico-epidemiological profile". International Journal of Dermatology. 36 (10): 735–740. doi:10.1046/j.1365-4362.1997.00284.x. ISSN 0011-9059.
- ↑ Landau HJ, Poiesz BJ, Dube S, Bogart JA, Weiner LB, Souid AK (2001). "Classic Kaposi's sarcoma associated with human herpesvirus 8 infection in a 13-year-old male: a case report". Clin Cancer Res. 7 (8): 2263–8. PMID 11489800.
- ↑ Cetin, Bulent; Aktas, Bilge; Bal, Oznur; Algin, Efnan; Akman, Tulay; Koral, Lokman; Kaplan, Mehmet Ali; Demirci, Umut; Uncu, Dogan; Ozet, Ahmet (2018). "Classic Kaposi's sarcoma: A review of 156 cases". Dermatologica Sinica. 36 (4): 185–189. doi:10.1016/j.dsi.2018.06.005. ISSN 1027-8117.
- ↑ Uldrick TS, Whitby D (2011). "Update on KSHV epidemiology, Kaposi Sarcoma pathogenesis, and treatment of Kaposi Sarcoma". Cancer Lett. 305 (2): 150–62. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2011.02.006. PMC 3085592. PMID 21377267.
- ↑ Siegel JH, Janis R, Alper JC, Schutte H, Robbins L, Blaufox MD (1969). "Disseminated visceral Kaposi's sarcoma. Appearance after human renal homograft operation". JAMA. 207 (8): 1493–6. PMID 4884743.
- ↑ Klepp O, Dahl O, Stenwig JT (1978). "Association of Kaposi's sarcoma and prior immunosuppressive therapy: a 5-year material of Kaposi's sarcoma in Norway". Cancer. 42 (6): 2626–30. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(197812)42:6<2626::aid-cncr2820420618>3.0.co;2-7. PMID 728865.
- ↑ Thomas S, Sindhu CB, Sreekumar S, Sasidharan PK (2011). "AIDS associated Kaposi's sarcoma". J Assoc Physicians India. 59: 387–9. PMID 21751599.
- ↑ Friedman-Kien, Alvin E.; Saltzman, Brian R. (1990). "Clinical manifestations of classical, endemic African, and epidemic AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 22 (6): 1237–1250. doi:10.1016/0190-9622(90)70169-I. ISSN 0190-9622.