Fanconi syndrome causes: Difference between revisions

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{{Fanconi syndrome}}
{{Fanconi syndrome}}


{{CMG}}; {{AE}}  
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{VE}}  
==Overview==
==Overview==
Disease name] may be caused by [cause1], [cause2], or [cause3].
Fanconi syndrome could be the result or complication of various causes affecting the normal function of Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT); in a simple and useful classification method, the causes could be classified as<ref name="pmid23235953">{{cite journal| author=Haque SK, Ariceta G, Batlle D| title=Proximal renal tubular acidosis: a not so rare disorder of multiple etiologies. | journal=Nephrol Dial Transplant | year= 2012 | volume= 27 | issue= 12 | pages= 4273-87 | pmid=23235953 | doi=10.1093/ndt/gfs493 | pmc=3616759 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23235953  }}</ref><ref name=":0">Enriko Klootwijk, Stephanie Dufek, Naomi Issler, Detlef Bockenhauer & Robert Kleta (2016)Pathophysiology, current treatments and future targets in hereditary forms of renal Fanconi syndrome,Expert Opinion on Orphan Drugs, 5:1, 45-54, DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2017.1259560</ref>:
* '''Genetic causes'''
** ''Accumulation of a toxic substance''  (e.g. [[Cystinosis]], [[Tyrosinemia]], Lysinuric Protein Intolerance, [[Glycogen storage disease|Glycogen Storage Diseases]], [[Galactosemia]], [[Wilson's disease|Wilson]], [[Hereditary Fructose Intolerance|Fructose Intolerance]])
** ''Energy provision failure'' (e.g. Mitochondriopathies) 
** ''Disruption of [[endocytosis]] and intracellular transport mechanisms'' (e.g. ARC syndrome, [[Oculocerebrorenal syndrome|Lowe syndrome]] and [[Dent's disease|Dent disease]]).
* '''Exogenous causes''' (e.g. Heavy metals exposure, Drugs, Chemotherapy)
* '''Acquired causes''' (e.g. [[Multiple myeloma]], [[Amyloidosis]], [[Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria]])


OR
==Causes==
 
===Genetic Causes<ref name="pmid23235953" /><ref name=":0" />===
Common causes of [disease] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
* '''Accumulation of a toxic substance'''
 
** [[Cystinosis]]  
OR
*** The most common inherited cause of Fanconi syndrome in children
 
** [[Tyrosinemia]]
The most common cause of [disease name] is [cause 1]. Less common causes of [disease name] include [cause 2], [cause 3], and [cause 4].
** Lysinuric Protein Intolerance
 
** [[Glycogen storage disease type I|Glycogen Storage Disease type I]]  
OR
** [[Galactosemia]]
** [[Wilson's disease|Wilson]]
** [[Hereditary fructose intolerance|Fructose intolerance]]
** [[Glycogen storage disease type XI|Fanconi-Bickel syndrome]]
* '''Energy provision failure'''
** Mitochondriopathies
* '''Disruption of endocytosis and intracellular transport'''
** [[Oculocerebrorenal syndrome|Lowe syndrome]]
** NaPi-IIa gene mutation
** [[EHHADH]] gene mutations
** [[Dent's disease|Dent disease]]


The cause of [disease name] has not been identified. To review risk factors for the development of [disease name], click [[Pericarditis causes#Overview|here]].
=== '''Exogenous causes'''<ref name="pmid23235953" /><ref name="pmid125524902">{{cite journal| author=Izzedine H, Launay-Vacher V, Isnard-Bagnis C, Deray G| title=Drug-induced Fanconi's syndrome. | journal=Am J Kidney Dis | year= 2003 | volume= 41 | issue= 2 | pages= 292-309 | pmid=12552490 | doi=10.1053/ajkd.2003.50037 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12552490  }}</ref> ===
* '''Drugs'''
** Antiviral & Anti-retroviral drugs
*** ''[[Adefovir]]''
*** ''[[Tenofovir]]''
*** ''[[Didanosine]]''
*** ''[[Cidofovir]]''
*** ''[[Lamivudine]]''
*** ''[[Stavudine]]''


==Causes==
** Antibacterial Drugs
===Life-threatening Causes===
*** ''[[Tetracycline antibiotics|Tetracyclines]]''
*Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. There are no life-threatening causes of [[disease name]], however complications resulting from untreated [[disease name]] is common.
*** ''[[Aminoglycoside|Aminoglycosides]]''
*Life-threatening causes of [symptom/manifestation] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
*[Cause] is a life-threatening cause of [disease].


===Common Causes===
** Anticonvulsants
[Disease name] may be caused by:
*** ''[[Valproic acid]]''
*[Cause1]
*[Cause2]
*[Cause3]


* '''Heavy metals'''
** ''[[Lead]]''
** ''[[Cadmium]]''
** ''[[Mercury (element)|Mercury]]''
** ''[[Copper]]''
* '''Chemotherapy'''


OR
** ''Alkylating & Platinating Agents''
*** ''[[Cisplatin]]''
*** ''[[Streptozocin]]''
*** ''[[Carboplatin]]''
*** ''[[Ifosfamide]]''
*** ''Oxaplatin''


** ''[[Mercaptopurine]]''


*[Disease name] is caused by an infection with [pathogen name].
=== '''Acquired causes'''<ref name=":0" /><ref name="pmid23235953" /><ref name="pmid29326807">{{cite journal| author=Ria R, Dammacco F, Vacca A| title=Heavy-Chain Diseases and Myeloma-Associated Fanconi Syndrome: an Update. | journal=Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis | year= 2018 | volume= 10 | issue= 1 | pages= e2018011 | pmid=29326807 | doi=10.4084/MJHID.2018.011 | pmc=5760076 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29326807  }}</ref> ===
*[Pathogen name] is caused by [pathogen name].
* ''[[Nephrotic syndrome]]''
* ''[[Multiple myeloma]]''
* [[Amyloidosis]]  
* [[Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria|Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria(PNH)]]
* ''[[Sjögren's syndrome|Sjögren syndrome]]''
* ''Renal transplantation''
* ''Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis with uveitis (TINU) syndrome''
* ''Autoimmune interstitial nephritis and membranous nephropathy''
* ''[[Anorexia nervosa]]''
* ''Untreated condition of distal renal tubular acidosis''


===Less Common Causes===
===Less Common Causes===
Less common causes of [[disease name]] include:
Less common causes of Fanconi syndrome mostly found on case reports include:
*[Cause1]
*[Cause2]
*[Cause3]
 
===Genetic Causes===
*[Disease name] is caused by a mutation in the [gene name] gene.
 
===Causes by Organ System===
 
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|}


*Other drugs such as: Fumaric Acid, [[Ranitidine]], [[Salicylic acid|Salicylate]], Methyl-3-Chromone in high doses and for long periods
*[[Alcohol abuse|Chronic Alcohol abuse]]
*Crude Chinese herbal drugs (sometimes called Boui-ougi-tou)
*[[L-Lysine]]
*Glue Sniffing
*Autosomal dominant Fanconi syndrome with macrosomia and [[Maturity onset diabetes of the young|young-onset diabetes mellitus]]
*Arthrogryposis–renal dysfunction–cholestasis (ARC) syndrome
*Idiopathic Fanconi syndrome


===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order.
List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order.
{{columns-list|3|
{{columns-list|
* Cause 1
*Adefovir
* Cause 2
*Aminoglycosides
* Cause 3
*Cidofovir
* Cause 4
*Cisplatin
* Cause 5
*Cystinosis
* Cause 6
*Dent disease
* Cause 7
*Didanosine
* Cause 8
*Fanconi-Bickel syndrome
* Cause 9
*Galactosemia
* Cause 10
*Glycogen Storage disease (type I)
*Hereditary fructose intolerance
*Ifosfamide
*Lamivudine
*Lowe’s syndrome
*Mitochondriopathies
*Oxaplatin
*Stavudine
*Streptozocin
*Tenofovir
*Tyrosinemia
*Valproic acid
*Wilson’s disease
*Tetracyclines
}}
}}


Latest revision as of 20:56, 10 January 2020


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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vahid Eidkhani, M.D.

Overview

Fanconi syndrome could be the result or complication of various causes affecting the normal function of Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT); in a simple and useful classification method, the causes could be classified as[1][2]:

Causes

Genetic Causes[1][2]

Exogenous causes[1][3]

Acquired causes[2][1][4]

Less Common Causes

Less common causes of Fanconi syndrome mostly found on case reports include:

  • Other drugs such as: Fumaric Acid, Ranitidine, Salicylate, Methyl-3-Chromone in high doses and for long periods
  • Chronic Alcohol abuse
  • Crude Chinese herbal drugs (sometimes called Boui-ougi-tou)
  • L-Lysine
  • Glue Sniffing
  • Autosomal dominant Fanconi syndrome with macrosomia and young-onset diabetes mellitus
  • Arthrogryposis–renal dysfunction–cholestasis (ARC) syndrome
  • Idiopathic Fanconi syndrome

Causes in Alphabetical Order

List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order.

  • Adefovir
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Cidofovir
  • Cisplatin
  • Cystinosis
  • Dent disease
  • Didanosine
  • Fanconi-Bickel syndrome
  • Galactosemia
  • Glycogen Storage disease (type I)
  • Hereditary fructose intolerance
  • Ifosfamide
  • Lamivudine
  • Lowe’s syndrome
  • Mitochondriopathies
  • Oxaplatin
  • Stavudine
  • Streptozocin
  • Tenofovir
  • Tyrosinemia
  • Valproic acid
  • Wilson’s disease
  • Tetracyclines

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Haque SK, Ariceta G, Batlle D (2012). "Proximal renal tubular acidosis: a not so rare disorder of multiple etiologies". Nephrol Dial Transplant. 27 (12): 4273–87. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfs493. PMC 3616759. PMID 23235953.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Enriko Klootwijk, Stephanie Dufek, Naomi Issler, Detlef Bockenhauer & Robert Kleta (2016)Pathophysiology, current treatments and future targets in hereditary forms of renal Fanconi syndrome,Expert Opinion on Orphan Drugs, 5:1, 45-54, DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2017.1259560
  3. ↑ Izzedine H, Launay-Vacher V, Isnard-Bagnis C, Deray G (2003). "Drug-induced Fanconi's syndrome". Am J Kidney Dis. 41 (2): 292–309. doi:10.1053/ajkd.2003.50037. PMID 12552490.
  4. ↑ Ria R, Dammacco F, Vacca A (2018). "Heavy-Chain Diseases and Myeloma-Associated Fanconi Syndrome: an Update". Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 10 (1): e2018011. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2018.011. PMC 5760076. PMID 29326807.

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