Asperger syndrome differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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{{CMG}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{SHA}}


== Overview ==
== Overview ==
There are several differential diagnosis to consider in the diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome (AS).
There are several differential diagnosis to consider in the diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome (AS) including attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), schizophrenia, schizoid personality disorder, schizotypal personality disorder and mood disorders.<ref name="pmid24290364">{{cite journal| author=Lehnhardt FG, Gawronski A, Pfeiffer K, Kockler H, Schilbach L, Vogeley K| title=The investigation and differential diagnosis of Asperger syndrome in adults. | journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int | year= 2013 | volume= 110 | issue= 45 | pages= 755-63 | pmid=24290364 | doi=10.3238/arztebl.2013.0755 | pmc=3849991 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24290364  }} </ref><ref name="FitzgeraldCorvin2018">{{cite journal|last1=Fitzgerald|first1=Michael|last2=Corvin|first2=Aiden|title=Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Asperger syndrome|journal=Advances in Psychiatric Treatment|volume=7|issue=4|year=2018|pages=310–318|issn=1355-5146|doi=10.1192/apt.7.4.310}}</ref>


==Differential Diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome==
==Differential Diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome==
Conditions that must be considered in a [[differential diagnosis]] include
*[[Autism|Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)]]<ref name="Fitzgerald" /><ref name="pmid24290364">{{cite journal| author=Lehnhardt FG, Gawronski A, Pfeiffer K, Kockler H, Schilbach L, Vogeley K| title=The investigation and differential diagnosis of Asperger syndrome in adults. | journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int | year= 2013 | volume= 110 | issue= 45 | pages= 755-63 | pmid=24290364 | doi=10.3238/arztebl.2013.0755 | pmc=3849991 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24290364  }} </ref>
* [[ADHD|Attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)]]<ref name="Fitzgerald" />
* [[Obsessive compulsive disorder|Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)]]<ref name="Fitzgerald" />
*[[Schizophrenia]]<ref name="Fitzgerald" />
*Schizophrenia simplex
*Residual schizophrenia
*[[Schizoid personality disorder]]<ref name="Fitzgerald" />
*[[Schizotypal personality disorder]]<ref name="Fitzgerald" />
*[[Clinical depression|Depression]]<ref name="Fitzgerald" />
*[[Semantic pragmatic disorder]]<ref name="Fitzgerald" />
*[[Nonverbal learning disorder]]<ref name="Fitzgerald">{{cite journal |author= Fitzgerald M, Corvin A |date=2001 |doi=10.1192/apt.7.4.310 |url=http://apt.rcpsych.org/cgi/content/full/7/4/310 |title= Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Asperger syndrome |journal= Adv Psychiatric Treat |volume=7 |issue=4 |pages=310–8}}</ref>
*[[Tourette syndrome]]
* [[Stereotypic movement disorder]]
* [[Bipolar disorder]].<ref name="Foster">{{cite journal |journal= Curr Opin Pediatr |year=2003 |volume=15 |issue=5 |pages=491–4 |title= Asperger syndrome: to be or not to be? |author= Foster B, King BH |pmid=14508298 |doi=10.1097/00008480-200310000-00008}}</ref><ref name="Fitzgerald" />
*[[Alexithymia]]
*[[Avoidant personality disorder]]
*[[Antisocial personality disorder]]
*[[Borderline personality disorder]]
*[[Narcissistic personality disorder]]
*[[Nonverbal learning disorder]]
*[[Post traumatic stress disorder|Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)]]
*[[Social phobia]]
*Compulsive (anankastic) personality disorder


== Overview ==
* Conditions that must be considered in a [[differential diagnosis]] include:<ref name="pmid24290364" /><ref name="FitzgeraldCorvin2018" />
<br />
**[[Autism|Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)]]
**[[ADHD|Attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)]]
**[[Obsessive compulsive disorder|Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)]]
**[[Schizophrenia]]
**Schizophrenia simplex
**Residual schizophrenia
**[[Schizoid personality disorder]]
**[[Schizotypal personality disorder]]
**[[Semantic pragmatic disorder]]
**[[Nonverbal learning disorder]]
**Mood disorders (depression and anxiety)
**[[Stereotypic movement disorder]]
**[[Alexithymia]]
**[[Avoidant personality disorder]]
**[[Antisocial personality disorder]]
**[[Borderline personality disorder]]
**[[Narcissistic personality disorder]]
**[[Nonverbal learning disorder]]
**[[Post traumatic stress disorder|Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)]]
**[[Social phobia]]
**Compulsive (anankastic) personality disorder
 
* The following table shows the overlap of some differential diagnoses of AS that have abnormal social interaction:<ref name="pmid24290364" />
 
 
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align="center"
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align="center"
|+
|+
! colspan="9" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#000|'''Asperger Syndrome Differential Diagnosis'''
! colspan="14" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" |{{fontcolor|#000|Some Differential Diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome
(Modified Table from The Investigation and Differential Diagnosis
(Modified Table from The Investigation and Differential Diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome in Adults)<ref name="pmid24290364" /> '''}}
of Asperger Syndrome in Adults)<ref name="pmid24290364">{{cite journal| author=Lehnhardt FG, Gawronski A, Pfeiffer K, Kockler H, Schilbach L, Vogeley K| title=The investigation and differential diagnosis of Asperger syndrome in adults. | journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int | year= 2013 | volume= 110 | issue= 45 | pages= 755-63 | pmid=24290364 | doi=10.3238/arztebl.2013.0755 | pmc=3849991 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24290364  }} </ref> }}
|- style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |
|-style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |
|'''Abnormal social interaction'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Asperger Syndrome'''
|'''Abnormal verbal communication'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Schizoid Personality Disorder'''
|'''Abnormal facial expression/'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Schizotypal Personality Disorder'''
'''gestures'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Avoidant Personality Disorder'''
 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Social Phobia'''
'''/prosody'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Obsessive Personality Disorder'''
|'''Abnormal eye contact'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)'''
|'''Abnormal theory of mind'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)'''
|'''Abnormal empathy'''
|-
|'''Abnormal interests/'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Abnormal social interaction'''
'''rituals/'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +
'''compulsions'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +
|'''Abnormal attention'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +
|'''Abnormal  psychomotor function'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|'''Abnormal self-injurious behavior'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|'''Abnormal psychotic manifestations'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|'''Abnormal social interaction in childhood'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|'''Abnormal biographical stress factors'''
|-
|-  
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Abnormal verbal communication'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Asperger Syndrome'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |+
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |+
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Abnormal facial expression/gestures/prosody'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Abnormal eye contact'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Abnormal theory of mind'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +/- 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +/- 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Abnormal empathy'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|-
|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Abnormal interests/rituals/compulsions'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Schizoid Personality Disorder'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|-
|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Abnormal attention'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Schizotypal Personality Disorder'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |+
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |+/- 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|-
|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Abnormal  psychomotor function'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Avoidant Personality Disorder'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|-
|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Abnormal self-injurious behavior'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Social Phobia'''
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +/-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |+
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |<nowiki>+/- </nowiki>
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |<nowiki>+/- </nowiki>
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |<nowiki>+/- </nowiki>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +/- <br />
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |+/- 
|-
|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Abnormal psychotic manifestations'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Obsessive Personality Disorder'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |+
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|-
|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Abnormal social interaction in childhood'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |+/- 
|-
|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Abnormal biographical stress factors'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #4479BA;" align="center" |'''Attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|-
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |<nowiki>+/- </nowiki>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |<nowiki>+/- </nowiki>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |<nowiki>+/- </nowiki>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |<nowiki>+/- </nowiki>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|+/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"| +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | -
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | +/- 
|}
|}


Latest revision as of 08:37, 17 July 2020


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shakiba Hassanzadeh, MD[2]

Overview

There are several differential diagnosis to consider in the diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome (AS) including attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), schizophrenia, schizoid personality disorder, schizotypal personality disorder and mood disorders.[1][2]

Differential Diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome

  • The following table shows the overlap of some differential diagnoses of AS that have abnormal social interaction:[1]


Some Differential Diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome

(Modified Table from The Investigation and Differential Diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome in Adults)[1]

Abnormal social interaction Abnormal verbal communication Abnormal facial expression/

gestures

/prosody

Abnormal eye contact Abnormal theory of mind Abnormal empathy Abnormal interests/

rituals/

compulsions

Abnormal attention Abnormal psychomotor function Abnormal self-injurious behavior Abnormal psychotic manifestations Abnormal social interaction in childhood Abnormal biographical stress factors
Asperger Syndrome + + + + + + + +/-  + +/-  +/-  + -
Schizoid Personality Disorder + + + + +/-  +/-  +/-  - - +/-  - +/-  +
Schizotypal Personality Disorder + + + +/-  +/-  +/-  +/-  - +/-  +/-  +/-  +/-  +/- 
Avoidant Personality Disorder + - + + +/-  - - - - - - +/-  +
Social Phobia + - +/-  +/-  +/-  - - - - - - - +/- 
Obsessive Personality Disorder + - - - +/-  +/-  + - - - - - +
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) + - - - - - + - - - - - +/- 
Attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) + - +/-  +/-  +/-  +/-  - + +/-  +/-  - + +/- 

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Lehnhardt FG, Gawronski A, Pfeiffer K, Kockler H, Schilbach L, Vogeley K (2013). "The investigation and differential diagnosis of Asperger syndrome in adults". Dtsch Arztebl Int. 110 (45): 755–63. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2013.0755. PMC 3849991. PMID 24290364.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Fitzgerald, Michael; Corvin, Aiden (2018). "Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Asperger syndrome". Advances in Psychiatric Treatment. 7 (4): 310–318. doi:10.1192/apt.7.4.310. ISSN 1355-5146.


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