Congenital rubella syndrome history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{ | {{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{DN}} | ||
{{Congenital rubella syndrome}} | {{Congenital rubella syndrome}} | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Overview== | ||
The [[Rubella history and symptoms|symptoms of rubella]] in the [[pregnant]] woman are similar to those seen in any child or adult with [[Rubella|rubella infection]]. Of note, young women are more likely to suffer from sequelae of [[polyarthritis]] and [[polyarthralgia]]. In the [[infant]], symptoms such as [[irritability]], [[low birth weight]], [[skin lesions]], white appearance to the [[cornea]] may be seen and be suggestive of congenital rubella syndrome.<ref name="pmid13541651">{{cite journal |vauthors=JOHNSON RE, HALL AP |title=Rubella arthritis; report of cases studied by latex tests |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=258 |issue=15 |pages=743–5 |year=1958 |pmid=13541651 |doi=10.1056/NEJM195804102581506 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3890105">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cooper LZ |title=The history and medical consequences of rubella |journal=Rev. Infect. Dis. |volume=7 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=S2–10 |year=1985 |pmid=3890105 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15064032">{{cite journal |vauthors=Banatvala JE, Brown DW |title=Rubella |journal=Lancet |volume=363 |issue=9415 |pages=1127–37 |year=2004 |pmid=15064032 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15897-2 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4164540">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cooper LZ, Krugman S |title=Clinical manifestations of postnatal and congenital rubella |journal=Arch. Ophthalmol. |volume=77 |issue=4 |pages=434–9 |year=1967 |pmid=4164540 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid5815335">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cooper LZ, Ziring PR, Ockerse AB, Fedun BA, Kiely B, Krugman S |title=Rubella. Clinical manifestations and management |journal=Am. J. Dis. Child. |volume=118 |issue=1 |pages=18–29 |year=1969 |pmid=5815335 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16580940">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Santis M, Cavaliere AF, Straface G, Caruso A |title=Rubella infection in pregnancy |journal=Reprod. Toxicol. |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=390–8 |year=2006 |pmid=16580940 |doi=10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.01.014 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25576992">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lambert N, Strebel P, Orenstein W, Icenogle J, Poland GA |title=Rubella |journal=Lancet |volume=385 |issue=9984 |pages=2297–307 |year=2015 |pmid=25576992 |pmc=4514442 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60539-0 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25654000">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ajij M, Nangia S, Dubey BS |title=Congenital rubella syndrome with blueberry muffin lesions and extensive metaphysitis |journal=J Clin Diagn Res |volume=8 |issue=12 |pages=PD03–4 |year=2014 |pmid=25654000 |pmc=4316306 |doi=10.7860/JCDR/2014/10271.5293 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid10696549">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bullens D, Smets K, Vanhaesebrouck P |title=Congenital rubella syndrome after maternal reinfection |journal=Clin Pediatr (Phila) |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=113–6 |year=2000 |pmid=10696549 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid27002428">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yazigi A, De Pecoulas AE, Vauloup-Fellous C, Grangeot-Keros L, Ayoubi JM, Picone O |title=Fetal and neonatal abnormalities due to congenital rubella syndrome: a review of literature |journal=J. Matern. Fetal. Neonatal. Med. |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=274–278 |year=2017 |pmid=27002428 |doi=10.3109/14767058.2016.1169526 |url=}}</ref> | |||
==History and Symptoms== | |||
===Symptoms in the Mother=== | ===Symptoms in the Mother=== | ||
Rubella infections in adults can be asymptomatic. However, usually a prodrome of [[cough]], [[coryza]], [[low-grade fever]], and [[malaise]] precedes the eruption of a [[rash]]. The typical [[rash]] of [[rubella]] starts on the [[face]] and spreads [[caudally]]. In [[pregnant]] women and young females, a sequelae of [[polyarthralgia]] or [[polyarthritis]] follows the [[rubella]] infection.<ref name="pmid13541651">{{cite journal |vauthors=JOHNSON RE, HALL AP |title=Rubella arthritis; report of cases studied by latex tests |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=258 |issue=15 |pages=743–5 |year=1958 |pmid=13541651 |doi=10.1056/NEJM195804102581506 |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Symptoms in the Infant=== | ===Symptoms in the Infant=== | ||
Symptoms in the infant may include:<ref name="pmid3890105">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cooper LZ |title=The history and medical consequences of rubella |journal=Rev. Infect. Dis. |volume=7 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=S2–10 |year=1985 |pmid=3890105 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15064032">{{cite journal |vauthors=Banatvala JE, Brown DW |title=Rubella |journal=Lancet |volume=363 |issue=9415 |pages=1127–37 |year=2004 |pmid=15064032 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15897-2 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4164540">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cooper LZ, Krugman S |title=Clinical manifestations of postnatal and congenital rubella |journal=Arch. Ophthalmol. |volume=77 |issue=4 |pages=434–9 |year=1967 |pmid=4164540 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid5815335">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cooper LZ, Ziring PR, Ockerse AB, Fedun BA, Kiely B, Krugman S |title=Rubella. Clinical manifestations and management |journal=Am. J. Dis. Child. |volume=118 |issue=1 |pages=18–29 |year=1969 |pmid=5815335 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16580940">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Santis M, Cavaliere AF, Straface G, Caruso A |title=Rubella infection in pregnancy |journal=Reprod. Toxicol. |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=390–8 |year=2006 |pmid=16580940 |doi=10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.01.014 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25576992">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lambert N, Strebel P, Orenstein W, Icenogle J, Poland GA |title=Rubella |journal=Lancet |volume=385 |issue=9984 |pages=2297–307 |year=2015 |pmid=25576992 |pmc=4514442 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60539-0 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25654000">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ajij M, Nangia S, Dubey BS |title=Congenital rubella syndrome with blueberry muffin lesions and extensive metaphysitis |journal=J Clin Diagn Res |volume=8 |issue=12 |pages=PD03–4 |year=2014 |pmid=25654000 |pmc=4316306 |doi=10.7860/JCDR/2014/10271.5293 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid10696549">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bullens D, Smets K, Vanhaesebrouck P |title=Congenital rubella syndrome after maternal reinfection |journal=Clin Pediatr (Phila) |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=113–6 |year=2000 |pmid=10696549 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid27002428">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yazigi A, De Pecoulas AE, Vauloup-Fellous C, Grangeot-Keros L, Ayoubi JM, Picone O |title=Fetal and neonatal abnormalities due to congenital rubella syndrome: a review of literature |journal=J. Matern. Fetal. Neonatal. Med. |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=274–278 |year=2017 |pmid=27002428 |doi=10.3109/14767058.2016.1169526 |url=}}</ref> | Symptoms in the infant may include:<ref name="pmid3890105">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cooper LZ |title=The history and medical consequences of rubella |journal=Rev. Infect. Dis. |volume=7 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=S2–10 |year=1985 |pmid=3890105 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15064032">{{cite journal |vauthors=Banatvala JE, Brown DW |title=Rubella |journal=Lancet |volume=363 |issue=9415 |pages=1127–37 |year=2004 |pmid=15064032 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15897-2 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4164540">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cooper LZ, Krugman S |title=Clinical manifestations of postnatal and congenital rubella |journal=Arch. Ophthalmol. |volume=77 |issue=4 |pages=434–9 |year=1967 |pmid=4164540 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid5815335">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cooper LZ, Ziring PR, Ockerse AB, Fedun BA, Kiely B, Krugman S |title=Rubella. Clinical manifestations and management |journal=Am. J. Dis. Child. |volume=118 |issue=1 |pages=18–29 |year=1969 |pmid=5815335 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16580940">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Santis M, Cavaliere AF, Straface G, Caruso A |title=Rubella infection in pregnancy |journal=Reprod. Toxicol. |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=390–8 |year=2006 |pmid=16580940 |doi=10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.01.014 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25576992">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lambert N, Strebel P, Orenstein W, Icenogle J, Poland GA |title=Rubella |journal=Lancet |volume=385 |issue=9984 |pages=2297–307 |year=2015 |pmid=25576992 |pmc=4514442 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60539-0 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25654000">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ajij M, Nangia S, Dubey BS |title=Congenital rubella syndrome with blueberry muffin lesions and extensive metaphysitis |journal=J Clin Diagn Res |volume=8 |issue=12 |pages=PD03–4 |year=2014 |pmid=25654000 |pmc=4316306 |doi=10.7860/JCDR/2014/10271.5293 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid10696549">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bullens D, Smets K, Vanhaesebrouck P |title=Congenital rubella syndrome after maternal reinfection |journal=Clin Pediatr (Phila) |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=113–6 |year=2000 |pmid=10696549 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid27002428">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yazigi A, De Pecoulas AE, Vauloup-Fellous C, Grangeot-Keros L, Ayoubi JM, Picone O |title=Fetal and neonatal abnormalities due to congenital rubella syndrome: a review of literature |journal=J. Matern. Fetal. Neonatal. Med. |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=274–278 |year=2017 |pmid=27002428 |doi=10.3109/14767058.2016.1169526 |url=}}</ref> | ||
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{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | |||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | |||
[[Category:Obstetrics]] | |||
Latest revision as of 21:04, 29 July 2020
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dima Nimri, M.D. [2]
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Overview
The symptoms of rubella in the pregnant woman are similar to those seen in any child or adult with rubella infection. Of note, young women are more likely to suffer from sequelae of polyarthritis and polyarthralgia. In the infant, symptoms such as irritability, low birth weight, skin lesions, white appearance to the cornea may be seen and be suggestive of congenital rubella syndrome.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
History and Symptoms
Symptoms in the Mother
Rubella infections in adults can be asymptomatic. However, usually a prodrome of cough, coryza, low-grade fever, and malaise precedes the eruption of a rash. The typical rash of rubella starts on the face and spreads caudally. In pregnant women and young females, a sequelae of polyarthralgia or polyarthritis follows the rubella infection.[1]
Symptoms in the Infant
Symptoms in the infant may include:[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
- Cloudy cornea or white appearance to pupil
- Inattention to sounds, which may be suggestive of deafness
- Developmental delay
- Seizures
- Small head size
- Bulging of the head
- Skin rash at birth
- Yellow discoloration of skin and eyes
- Diarrhea
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 JOHNSON RE, HALL AP (1958). "Rubella arthritis; report of cases studied by latex tests". N. Engl. J. Med. 258 (15): 743–5. doi:10.1056/NEJM195804102581506. PMID 13541651.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cooper LZ (1985). "The history and medical consequences of rubella". Rev. Infect. Dis. 7 Suppl 1: S2–10. PMID 3890105.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Banatvala JE, Brown DW (2004). "Rubella". Lancet. 363 (9415): 1127–37. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15897-2. PMID 15064032.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Cooper LZ, Krugman S (1967). "Clinical manifestations of postnatal and congenital rubella". Arch. Ophthalmol. 77 (4): 434–9. PMID 4164540.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Cooper LZ, Ziring PR, Ockerse AB, Fedun BA, Kiely B, Krugman S (1969). "Rubella. Clinical manifestations and management". Am. J. Dis. Child. 118 (1): 18–29. PMID 5815335.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 De Santis M, Cavaliere AF, Straface G, Caruso A (2006). "Rubella infection in pregnancy". Reprod. Toxicol. 21 (4): 390–8. doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.01.014. PMID 16580940.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Lambert N, Strebel P, Orenstein W, Icenogle J, Poland GA (2015). "Rubella". Lancet. 385 (9984): 2297–307. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60539-0. PMC 4514442. PMID 25576992.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Ajij M, Nangia S, Dubey BS (2014). "Congenital rubella syndrome with blueberry muffin lesions and extensive metaphysitis". J Clin Diagn Res. 8 (12): PD03–4. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2014/10271.5293. PMC 4316306. PMID 25654000.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Bullens D, Smets K, Vanhaesebrouck P (2000). "Congenital rubella syndrome after maternal reinfection". Clin Pediatr (Phila). 39 (2): 113–6. PMID 10696549.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Yazigi A, De Pecoulas AE, Vauloup-Fellous C, Grangeot-Keros L, Ayoubi JM, Picone O (2017). "Fetal and neonatal abnormalities due to congenital rubella syndrome: a review of literature". J. Matern. Fetal. Neonatal. Med. 30 (3): 274–278. doi:10.3109/14767058.2016.1169526. PMID 27002428.