Cytomegalovirus infection laboratory findings: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
There are no specific laboratory findings associated with [[CMV]] infection. Elevated [[ESR]] and a low [[lymphocyte]] count may be present in patients with complications. Diagnosis is usually done by demonstration of the [[inclusion bodies]] from the tissue [[Biopsy|biopsies]] or by a positive [[PCR]] for [[CMV]] [[DNA]].


==Laboratory Findings==
==Laboratory Findings==
The following laboratory investigations are useful for the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection:
Diagnosis of [[Cytomegalovirus infection|CMV infection]] is by demonstration of intra nuclear [[inclusion bodies]] from the tissue samples and by a positive [[PCR]] for [[CMV]]. Patients with severe [[CMV]] infection may have the following laboratory findings:<ref name="pmid25304390">{{cite journal| author=Griffiths P, Lumley S| title=Cytomegalovirus. | journal=Curr Opin Infect Dis | year= 2014 | volume= 27 | issue= 6 | pages= 554-9 | pmid=25304390 | doi=10.1097/QCO.0000000000000107 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25304390  }} </ref><ref name="pmid27526428">{{cite journal| author=Pytka D, Czarkowska-Pączek B| title=[CMV infection in elderly]. | journal=Przegl Lek | year= 2016 | volume= 73 | issue= 4 | pages= 241-4 | pmid=27526428 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27526428  }} </ref>
===Serological Tests===
*[[Hemolytic anemia]]
*[[Serological testing|Serological]] tests are not useful for the diagnosis of [[cytomegalovirus]] infection, however absence of [[CMV]] [[IgG]] excludes the presence of infection.
*[[Thrombocytopenia]]
===Polymerase Chain Reaction===
*[[Disseminated intravascular coagulation]]
*In patients with [[cytomegalovirus]] [[retinitis]] [[CMV]] [[DNA]] is detected in the vitreous in majority of patients.
*[[Pancytopenia]]
*[[PCR]] for demonstration of [[CMV]] [[DNA]] is useful for the diagnosis of [[retinitis]] and neurologic disease.
 
*[[PCR]] of [[blood]] for demonstration of [[viremia]] is not useful for diagnosis of [[cytomegalovirus]] end organ disease as a negative result is not consistent with the absence of disease.
==References==
===Microscopic Pathology===
{{Reflist|2}}
*Demonstration of characteristic [[Inclusion bodies|intranuclear inclusion bodies]] in the [[biopsy]] from [[esophagus]] and [[colon]] confirms the diagnosis of [[esophagitis]] and [[colitis]].
 
===CT Scan===
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
*In patients with [[cytomegalovirus]] [[Encephalitis|ventriculoencephalitis]] periventricular enhancement is suggestive of [[CMV]] infection.
[[Category:Disease]]
*Colonic thickening can be demonstrated in patients with [[cytomegalovirus]] [[colitis]].
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Neurosurgery]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]

Latest revision as of 21:13, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Kuchkuntla, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

There are no specific laboratory findings associated with CMV infection. Elevated ESR and a low lymphocyte count may be present in patients with complications. Diagnosis is usually done by demonstration of the inclusion bodies from the tissue biopsies or by a positive PCR for CMV DNA.

Laboratory Findings

Diagnosis of CMV infection is by demonstration of intra nuclear inclusion bodies from the tissue samples and by a positive PCR for CMV. Patients with severe CMV infection may have the following laboratory findings:[1][2]

References

  1. Griffiths P, Lumley S (2014). "Cytomegalovirus". Curr Opin Infect Dis. 27 (6): 554–9. doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000107. PMID 25304390.
  2. Pytka D, Czarkowska-Pączek B (2016). "[CMV infection in elderly]". Przegl Lek. 73 (4): 241–4. PMID 27526428.