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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Delayed puberty}} | {{Delayed puberty}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{EG}} | ||
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The most potent risk factor in the development of delayed [[puberty]] is [[hypothalamus]]-[[pituitary]]-[[gonadal]] (HPG) axis disturbance. Other risk factors include [[genetic]], [[Endocrinology|endocrinologic]], and environmental which may disturb the HPG axis. | |||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
*The most potent risk factor in the development of delayed [[puberty]] is [[hypothalamus]]-[[pituitary]]-[[gonadal]] (HPG) axis disturbance. | |||
*Other risk factors are including [[genetic]], [[Endocrinology|endocrinologic]], and environmental which may disturb the HPG axis. | |||
===Common Risk Factors=== | |||
*Common risk factors in the development of delayed [[puberty]] may be [[genetic]], [[Endocrinology|endocrinologic]], and environmental. | |||
*Common risk factors in the development of delayed [[puberty]] include: | |||
**[[Family history]] of delayed [[puberty]]<ref name="pmid18160460">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wehkalampi K, Widén E, Laine T, Palotie A, Dunkel L |title=Patterns of inheritance of constitutional delay of growth and puberty in families of adolescent girls and boys referred to specialist pediatric care |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=93 |issue=3 |pages=723–8 |year=2008 |pmid=18160460 |doi=10.1210/jc.2007-1786 |url=}}</ref> | |||
**[[Genetics]]<ref>{{cite book | last = Brook | first = C. G. D. | title = Brook's clinical pediatric endocrinology | publisher = Wiley-Blackwell | location = Chichester, UK Hoboken, NJ | year = 2009 | isbn = 9781405180801 }}</ref> | |||
**[[Chromosomal]] disorders | |||
**[[Eating disorders]] | |||
**Chronic illnesses | |||
**[[Malnutrition]] | |||
**Excess [[exercise]] | |||
**Acquired [[gonadal]] disorders<ref name="pmid9034788">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hoek A, Schoemaker J, Drexhage HA |title=Premature ovarian failure and ovarian autoimmunity |journal=Endocr. Rev. |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=107–34 |year=1997 |pmid=9034788 |doi=10.1210/edrv.18.1.0291 |url=}}</ref> | |||
**[[Pituitary]] surgery prior to [[puberty]]<ref name="pmid16700317">{{cite journal |vauthors=Scarzello G, Buzzaccarini MS, Perilongo G, Viscardi E, Faggin R, Carollo C, Calderone M, Franchi A, Sotti G |title=Acute and late morbidity after limited resection and focal radiation therapy in craniopharyngiomas |journal=J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=19 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=399–405 |year=2006 |pmid=16700317 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
**[[Chemotherapy]] | |||
**[[Radiation therapy]]<ref name="pmid10653326">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bakker B, Massa GG, Oostdijk W, Van Weel-Sipman MH, Vossen JM, Wit JM |title=Pubertal development and growth after total-body irradiation and bone marrow transplantation for haematological malignancies |journal=Eur. J. Pediatr. |volume=159 |issue=1-2 |pages=31–7 |year=2000 |pmid=10653326 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
**[[Sickle cell disease]] | |||
**[[Hemosiderosis]] | |||
===Less Common Risk Factors=== | |||
*Less common risk factors in the development of delayed puberty include: | |||
**Congenital [[pituitary]] structural abnormalities | |||
**Congenital [[testicular]] disorders | |||
**[[Adrenal hypoplasia]]<ref name="pmid10022408">{{cite journal |vauthors=Reutens AT, Achermann JC, Ito M, Ito M, Gu WX, Habiby RL, Donohoue PA, Pang S, Hindmarsh PC, Jameson JL |title=Clinical and functional effects of mutations in the DAX-1 gene in patients with adrenal hypoplasia congenita |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=84 |issue=2 |pages=504–11 |year=1999 |pmid=10022408 |doi=10.1210/jcem.84.2.5468 |url=}}</ref> | |||
**[[Histiocytosis]] | |||
**Sertoli Cell only Syndrome (Del CastillonSyndrome)<ref name="PalmertDunkel2012">{{cite journal|last1=Palmert|first1=Mark R.|last2=Dunkel|first2=Leo|title=Delayed Puberty|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=366|issue=5|year=2012|pages=443–453|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMcp1109290}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
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{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | |||
[[Category:Endocrinology]] | [[Category:Endocrinology]] | ||
[[Category:Mature chapter]] | |||
[[Category:Developmental biology]] | |||
[[Category:Sexuality and age]] | |||
[[Category:Sexual health]] | |||
[[Category:Growth disorders]] | |||
[[Category:Congenital disorders]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
Latest revision as of 21:15, 29 July 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]
Overview
The most potent risk factor in the development of delayed puberty is hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis disturbance. Other risk factors include genetic, endocrinologic, and environmental which may disturb the HPG axis.
Risk Factors
- The most potent risk factor in the development of delayed puberty is hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis disturbance.
- Other risk factors are including genetic, endocrinologic, and environmental which may disturb the HPG axis.
Common Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of delayed puberty may be genetic, endocrinologic, and environmental.
- Common risk factors in the development of delayed puberty include:
- Family history of delayed puberty[1]
- Genetics[2]
- Chromosomal disorders
- Eating disorders
- Chronic illnesses
- Malnutrition
- Excess exercise
- Acquired gonadal disorders[3]
- Pituitary surgery prior to puberty[4]
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy[5]
- Sickle cell disease
- Hemosiderosis
Less Common Risk Factors
- Less common risk factors in the development of delayed puberty include:
- Congenital pituitary structural abnormalities
- Congenital testicular disorders
- Adrenal hypoplasia[6]
- Histiocytosis
- Sertoli Cell only Syndrome (Del CastillonSyndrome)[7]
References
- ↑ Wehkalampi K, Widén E, Laine T, Palotie A, Dunkel L (2008). "Patterns of inheritance of constitutional delay of growth and puberty in families of adolescent girls and boys referred to specialist pediatric care". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 93 (3): 723–8. doi:10.1210/jc.2007-1786. PMID 18160460.
- ↑ Brook, C. G. D. (2009). Brook's clinical pediatric endocrinology. Chichester, UK Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 9781405180801.
- ↑ Hoek A, Schoemaker J, Drexhage HA (1997). "Premature ovarian failure and ovarian autoimmunity". Endocr. Rev. 18 (1): 107–34. doi:10.1210/edrv.18.1.0291. PMID 9034788.
- ↑ Scarzello G, Buzzaccarini MS, Perilongo G, Viscardi E, Faggin R, Carollo C, Calderone M, Franchi A, Sotti G (2006). "Acute and late morbidity after limited resection and focal radiation therapy in craniopharyngiomas". J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab. 19 Suppl 1: 399–405. PMID 16700317.
- ↑ Bakker B, Massa GG, Oostdijk W, Van Weel-Sipman MH, Vossen JM, Wit JM (2000). "Pubertal development and growth after total-body irradiation and bone marrow transplantation for haematological malignancies". Eur. J. Pediatr. 159 (1–2): 31–7. PMID 10653326.
- ↑ Reutens AT, Achermann JC, Ito M, Ito M, Gu WX, Habiby RL, Donohoue PA, Pang S, Hindmarsh PC, Jameson JL (1999). "Clinical and functional effects of mutations in the DAX-1 gene in patients with adrenal hypoplasia congenita". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84 (2): 504–11. doi:10.1210/jcem.84.2.5468. PMID 10022408.
- ↑ Palmert, Mark R.; Dunkel, Leo (2012). "Delayed Puberty". New England Journal of Medicine. 366 (5): 443–453. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1109290. ISSN 0028-4793.