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__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Esophagitis}}
{{Esophagitis}}
{{CMG}}; {{GCC}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{Ajay}}
 
==Overview==
 
Common causes of esophagitis include [[gastroesophageal reflux disease]], [[Barrett's esophagus]], caustic burns, and chemical injury by either alkaline or acid solutions.  Among immunocompromised patients, the most common causes of esophagitis are [[Candidiasis]], ''[[Cytomegalovirus]]'', and ''[[Herpes simplex virus]]''
 
==Causes==
==Causes==
=== Common Causes ===
=== Common Causes ===
Common causes of esophagitis include:<ref name="pmid1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Makar AB, McMartin KE, Palese M, Tephly TR, Kia L, Hirano I |title=Formate assay in body fluids: application in methanol poisoning |journal=Biochem Med |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=117–26 |year=1975 |pmid=1 |pmc=4948861 |doi=10.1038/nrgastro.2015.75 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid27373195">{{cite journal |vauthors=Savarino EV, Tolone S, Bartolo O, de Cassan C, Caccaro R, Galeazzi F, Nicoletti L, Salvador R, Martinato M, Costantini M, Savarino V |title=The GerdQ questionnaire and high resolution manometry support the hypothesis that proton pump inhibitor-responsive oesophageal eosinophilia is a GERD-related phenomenon |journal=Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. |volume=44 |issue=5 |pages=522–30 |year=2016 |pmid=27373195 |doi=10.1111/apt.13718 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23797116">{{cite journal |vauthors=Straumann A |title=Eosinophilic esophagitis: a bulk of mysteries |journal=Dig Dis |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=6–9 |year=2013 |pmid=23797116 |doi=10.1159/000347095 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22307811">{{cite journal |vauthors=Straumann A |title=Eosinophilic esophagitis: rapidly emerging disorder |journal=Swiss Med Wkly |volume=142 |issue= |pages=w13513 |year=2012 |pmid=22307811 |doi=10.4414/smw.2012.13513 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21429051">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schoepfer AM, Simon D, Straumann A |title=Eosinophilic oesophagitis: latest intelligence |journal=Clin. Exp. Allergy |volume=41 |issue=5 |pages=630–9 |year=2011 |pmid=21429051 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03739.x |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21987875">{{cite journal |vauthors=Godat S, Moradpour D, Schoepfer A |title=[Eosinophilic esophagitis: update 2011] |language=French |journal=Rev Med Suisse |volume=7 |issue=307 |pages=1678–80, 1682 |year=2011 |pmid=21987875 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid14997131">{{cite journal |vauthors=Potter JW, Saeian K, Staff D, Massey BT, Komorowski RA, Shaker R, Hogan WJ |title=Eosinophilic esophagitis in adults: an emerging problem with unique esophageal features |journal=Gastrointest. Endosc. |volume=59 |issue=3 |pages=355–61 |year=2004 |pmid=14997131 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid175737910">{{cite journal |author=Ayazi S, Crookes P, Peyre C, |title=Objective documentation of the link between gastroesophageal reflux disease and obesity |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=102 |issue=S |pages=138-139 |year=2007 }}</ref>
*[[Barrett's esophagus]]
*[[Barrett's esophagus]]
*[[Candidiasis]] in [[immunocompromised]] patients
*[[Candidiasis]] in [[immunocompromised]] patients
Line 12: Line 18:
*[[Herpes simplex virus]] in [[immunocompromised]] patients
*[[Herpes simplex virus]] in [[immunocompromised]] patients
*[[Radiation therapy]]
*[[Radiation therapy]]


===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Caustic burn]],  [[Chemical esophagitis]],  [[Chemical injury]],  [[Formaldehyde]],  [[Toxins]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Caustic burn]],  [[Chemical esophagitis]],  [[Chemical injury]],  [[Formaldehyde]],  [[Toxins]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Lichen planus]],  [[Scleroderma]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Lichen planus]],  [[Scleroderma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alendronate]],  [[Alprenolol]],  [[Ascorbic acid]],  [[Bisphosphonate]],  [[Caffeine]], [[Clindamycin]], [[Doxycycline]],  [[Emepronium]],  [[Etidronate]], [[Ferrous sulfate]], [[iron compounds]],  [[Mycophenolic acid]],  [[Oxytetracycline]],  [[Pinaverium ]],  [[Potassium chloride]],  [[Quinidine]],  [[Rauwolfia]],  [[Risedronate]],  [[Tetracycline]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Alendronate]],  [[Alprenolol]], [[Amlodipine and Benazepril]],  [[Ascorbic acid]],  [[Bisphosphonate]],  [[Caffeine]], [[Cidofovir]], [[Clindamycin]], [[Dactinomycin]], [[Doxorubicin Hydrochloride]], [[Doxycycline]],  [[Emepronium]],  [[Etidronate]], [[ethanolamine oleate]], [[Felbamate]], [[Ferrous sulfate]], [[ibandronate]], [[iron compounds]], [[Ixabepilone]], [[Leflunomide]],  [[Mycophenolic acid]], [[Pergolide]], [[Oxaprozin]], [[Oxcarbazepine]],  [[Oxytetracycline]],  [[Pinaverium ]] ,  [[Potassium chloride]], [[Pramipexole]],  [[Quinidine]],  [[Rauwolfia]],  [[Risedronate]], [[Sertraline]],  [[Tetracycline]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-  
|-  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-  
|-  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Barrett's esophagus]],  [[Candidiasis]],  [[Chemical esophagitis]],  [[Crohn's Disease]],  [[Dyspepsia]],  [[Eosinophilic esophagitis]],  [[Eosinophilic gastroenteritis]],  [[Esophageal achalasia]],  [[Esophageal food bolus obstruction]],  [[Esophageal stricture]],  [[Esophageal varices]],  [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]],  [[Gastroscopy]],  [[Hernias]],  [[Hiatus hernia]],  [[Impaired esophageal motility]],  [[inflammatory bowel disease]],  [[Nasogastric tube]],  [[Reflux esophagitis]],  [[Rumination disorder]],  [[Upper gastrointestinal bleeding]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Barrett's esophagus]],  [[Candidiasis]],  [[Chemical esophagitis]],  [[Crohn's Disease]],  [[Dyspepsia]],  [[Eosinophilic esophagitis]],  [[Eosinophilic gastroenteritis]],  [[Esophageal achalasia]],  [[Esophageal food bolus obstruction]],  [[Esophageal stricture]],  [[Esophageal varices]],  [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]],  [[Gastroscopy]],  [[Hernias]],  [[Hiatus hernia]],  [[Impaired esophageal motility]],  [[inflammatory bowel disease]],  [[Nasogastric tube]],  [[Reflux esophagitis]],  [[Rumination disorder]],  [[Upper gastrointestinal bleeding]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Gastric tube]],  [[Gastroscopy]],  [[Nasogastric tube]],  [[Radiation therapy]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Gastric tube]],  [[Gastroscopy]],  [[Nasogastric tube]],  [[Radiation therapy]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome]],  [[Candidiasis]],  [[Cytomegalovirus]],  [[Fungal infection]],  [[Herpes simplex]],  [[HSV-1]],  [[Varicella zoster virus]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome]],  [[Candidiasis]],  [[Cytomegalovirus]],  [[Fungal infection]],  [[Herpes simplex]],  [[HSV-1]],  [[Varicella zoster virus]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Tumor]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Tumor]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome]],  [[Behcet disease]],  [[Candidiasis]],  [[Crohn's Disease]],  [[Cytomegalovirus]],  [[Eosinophilic esophagitis]],  [[Eosinophilic gastroenteritis]],  [[Food allergy]],  [[Graft versus host disease]],  [[inflammatory bowel disease]],  [[Lichen planus]],  [[Scleroderma]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome]],  [[Behcet disease]],  [[Candidiasis]],  [[Crohn's Disease]],  [[Cytomegalovirus]],  [[Eosinophilic esophagitis]],  [[Eosinophilic gastroenteritis]],  [[Food allergy]],  [[Graft versus host disease]],  [[inflammatory bowel disease]],  [[Lichen planus]],  [[Scleroderma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Esophageal achalasia]],  [[Esophageal food bolus obstruction]],  [[Esophageal stricture]],  [[Esophageal varices]],  [[Food allergy]],  [[Foreign bodies]],  [[Gastric tube]],  [[Impaired esophageal motility]],  [[Lichen planus]],  [[Physical injury]],  [[Rumination disorder]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Esophageal achalasia]],  [[Esophageal food bolus obstruction]],  [[Esophageal stricture]],  [[Esophageal varices]],  [[Food allergy]],  [[Foreign bodies]],  [[Gastric tube]],  [[Impaired esophageal motility]],  [[Lichen planus]],  [[Physical injury]],  [[Rumination disorder]]
|-
|-
|}
|}


===Casues in Alphabetical Order===
===Casues in Alphabetical Order===
{{col-begin|width=84%}}
{{col-begin|width=80%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Acquired immune deficiency syndrome]]
*[[Acquired immune deficiency syndrome]]
Line 148: Line 152:
*[[Crohn's Disease]]
*[[Crohn's Disease]]
*[[Cytomegalovirus]]
*[[Cytomegalovirus]]
*[[Doxorubicin Hydrochloride]]
*[[Doxycycline]]
*[[Doxycycline]]
*[[Dyspepsia]]
*[[Dyspepsia]]
Line 176: Line 181:
{{col-break|width=33%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Iron compounds]]
*[[Iron compounds]]
*[[Ixabepilone]]
*[[Lichen planus]]
*[[Lichen planus]]
*[[Mycophenolic acid]]
*[[Mycophenolic acid]]
*[[Nasogastric tube]]
*[[Nasogastric tube]]
*[[Oxaprozin]]
*[[Oxytetracycline]]
*[[Oxytetracycline]]
*[[Pergolide]]
*[[Physical injury]]
*[[Physical injury]]
*[[Pinaverium ]]
*[[Pinaverium ]]
Line 197: Line 205:
{{col-end}}
{{col-end}}


 
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
[[Category:Needs overview]]
 
[[Category:Primary care]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Inflammations]]
[[Category:Histopathology]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]

Latest revision as of 21:41, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ajay Gade MD[2]]

Overview

Common causes of esophagitis include gastroesophageal reflux disease, Barrett's esophagus, caustic burns, and chemical injury by either alkaline or acid solutions. Among immunocompromised patients, the most common causes of esophagitis are Candidiasis, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes simplex virus

Causes

Common Causes

Common causes of esophagitis include:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning Caustic burn, Chemical esophagitis, Chemical injury, Formaldehyde, Toxins
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic Lichen planus, Scleroderma
Drug Side Effect Alendronate, Alprenolol, Amlodipine and Benazepril, Ascorbic acid, Bisphosphonate, Caffeine, Cidofovir, Clindamycin, Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin Hydrochloride, Doxycycline, Emepronium, Etidronate, ethanolamine oleate, Felbamate, Ferrous sulfate, ibandronate, iron compounds, Ixabepilone, Leflunomide, Mycophenolic acid, Pergolide, Oxaprozin, Oxcarbazepine, Oxytetracycline, Pinaverium , Potassium chloride, Pramipexole, Quinidine, Rauwolfia, Risedronate, Sertraline, Tetracycline
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Barrett's esophagus, Candidiasis, Chemical esophagitis, Crohn's Disease, Dyspepsia, Eosinophilic esophagitis, Eosinophilic gastroenteritis, Esophageal achalasia, Esophageal food bolus obstruction, Esophageal stricture, Esophageal varices, Gastroesophageal reflux disease, Gastroscopy, Hernias, Hiatus hernia, Impaired esophageal motility, inflammatory bowel disease, Nasogastric tube, Reflux esophagitis, Rumination disorder, Upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic Gastric tube, Gastroscopy, Nasogastric tube, Radiation therapy
Infectious Disease Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, Candidiasis, Cytomegalovirus, Fungal infection, Herpes simplex, HSV-1, Varicella zoster virus
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Tumor
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, Behcet disease, Candidiasis, Crohn's Disease, Cytomegalovirus, Eosinophilic esophagitis, Eosinophilic gastroenteritis, Food allergy, Graft versus host disease, inflammatory bowel disease, Lichen planus, Scleroderma
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Esophageal achalasia, Esophageal food bolus obstruction, Esophageal stricture, Esophageal varices, Food allergy, Foreign bodies, Gastric tube, Impaired esophageal motility, Lichen planus, Physical injury, Rumination disorder

Casues in Alphabetical Order

References

  1. ↑ Makar AB, McMartin KE, Palese M, Tephly TR, Kia L, Hirano I (1975). "Formate assay in body fluids: application in methanol poisoning". Biochem Med. 13 (2): 117–26. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2015.75. PMC 4948861. PMID 1.
  2. ↑ Savarino EV, Tolone S, Bartolo O, de Cassan C, Caccaro R, Galeazzi F, Nicoletti L, Salvador R, Martinato M, Costantini M, Savarino V (2016). "The GerdQ questionnaire and high resolution manometry support the hypothesis that proton pump inhibitor-responsive oesophageal eosinophilia is a GERD-related phenomenon". Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 44 (5): 522–30. doi:10.1111/apt.13718. PMID 27373195.
  3. ↑ Straumann A (2013). "Eosinophilic esophagitis: a bulk of mysteries". Dig Dis. 31 (1): 6–9. doi:10.1159/000347095. PMID 23797116.
  4. ↑ Straumann A (2012). "Eosinophilic esophagitis: rapidly emerging disorder". Swiss Med Wkly. 142: w13513. doi:10.4414/smw.2012.13513. PMID 22307811.
  5. ↑ Schoepfer AM, Simon D, Straumann A (2011). "Eosinophilic oesophagitis: latest intelligence". Clin. Exp. Allergy. 41 (5): 630–9. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03739.x. PMID 21429051.
  6. ↑ Godat S, Moradpour D, Schoepfer A (2011). "[Eosinophilic esophagitis: update 2011]". Rev Med Suisse (in French). 7 (307): 1678–80, 1682. PMID 21987875.
  7. ↑ Potter JW, Saeian K, Staff D, Massey BT, Komorowski RA, Shaker R, Hogan WJ (2004). "Eosinophilic esophagitis in adults: an emerging problem with unique esophageal features". Gastrointest. Endosc. 59 (3): 355–61. PMID 14997131.
  8. ↑ Ayazi S, Crookes P, Peyre C, (2007). "Objective documentation of the link between gastroesophageal reflux disease and obesity". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 102 (S): 138–139.

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